Project description:CS Baby Biome randomized control trial aims to investigate if the timing of intrapartum antibiotics given to mother influences the infant gut microbiome composition. The study was performed in women delivering via elective CS, who received antibiotics prior to skin incision, or after umbilical cord clamping.
Project description:Interventions: early group:Preserve blood vessels in the left colon;medium group:Preserve blood vessels in the left colon;late group:Preserve blood vessels in the left colon
Primary outcome(s): the number of lymph nodes
Study Design: Non randomized control
Project description:In frozen dough baking technology, baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae encounter freeze-thaw injury. After thawing, dramatically decrease in cell viability and fermentation activity is caused by freeze-thaw injury. The freezing period is critical factor in freeze-thaw injury, thus we focused and investigated time-dependent gene expression profiles in recovery process from freeze injury. First, changes in gene expression profiles in S. cerevisiae in recovery process from freeze-thaw injury were analyzed using a DNA microarray. The results showed the genes which were involved in homeostasis of metal ions were time-dependent up-regulated 2-fold or more in a series. Then we examined whether these genes were related to tolerance in freeze-thaw injury by using deletion strain. The results showed that deletion of MAC1, CTR1, and PCA1 genes which involved in copper ion transport exhibited freeze-thaw sensitivity in compared with wild type. These genes are involved in copper ion uptake to a cell under a copper deficiency condition or in copper ion homeostasis, suggesting that it may be related between freeze-thaw injury and copper ion transport. To determine the effect of supplementation of copper ion on cells after freeze-thaw treatment, cell viability, intracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were examined by various copper ion condition medium. The results showed that intracellular SOD activity was increased and intracellular levels of ROS were decreased by supplementation of copper ion, but there was no significant difference in cell viability. These results of the present study may suggest that copper ion concentration in yeast cell after freeze-thaw treatment is important to recovery from freeze-thaw injury due to redox control of intracellular levels of ROS, but copper ion did not directly affect cell viability.
Project description:The transport of live fish is a routine operation in aquaculture. However, the effects of transport stress on intestines gene expression profile is poorly understood. The results from the transcriptome analysis revealed that most differentially expression genes (DEGs) were enriched in immune and metabolic related signaling pathways. Toll like receptors is a potential pathway in immune response induced by transport stress. Changes in genes related to lipid metabolism may be related to the increased metabolic expenditure for the normal body functions in a response to transport stress. In addition, changes in gene expression in the control, transport, and recovery groups were revealed that transport-induced local immune damage is reversible while metabolic disorder has hysteresis. These results provide new perspectives on immune and metabolic response in yellow catfish against transport stress and theoretical support for future optimization of their transportation.