Project description:Stress induces undifferentiated stem cells to differentiate in a way that looks like normal differentiation; We used hyperosmolar stress as a generic, energy-depleting stressor and tested for the global changes in the transcriptional response of placental trophoblast stem cells Experiment Overall Design: Placental trophoblast stem cells were subjected to 0, 0.5, 2, 6, and 24 hours of hyperosmolar stress and then assayed by Affymetrix 430MOE V2 whole mouse genome arrays.
Project description:Stress induces undifferentiated stem cells to differentiate in a way that looks like normal differentiation We used hyperosmolar stress as a generic, energy-depleting stressor and tested for the global changes in the transcriptional response of placental trophoblast stem cells Keywords: Time course for stressed stem cells to assay for differentiative and homeostatic responses
Project description:A transcriptome study in mouse hematopoietic stem cells was performed using a sensitive SAGE method, in an attempt to detect medium and low abundant transcripts expressed in these cells. Among a total of 31,380 unique transcript, 17,326 (55%) known genes were detected, 14,054 (45%) low-copy transcripts that have no matches to currently known genes. 3,899 (23%) were alternatively spliced transcripts of the known genes and 3,754 (22%) represent anti-sense transcripts from known genes.
Project description:Here, we demonstrate that upon inhibition of the Fgf/Erk pathway in mouse trophoblast stem cells (TSCs), the Ets2 repressor factor (Erf) interacts with components of the Nuclear Receptor Corepressor Complex 1 and 2 (NCoR1 and NCoR2). Upon attenuation of Fgf signalling, unphosphorylated, nuclear Erf recruits the NCoR1/2 complex to key trophoblast genes, brings about their transcriptional silencing and facilitates differentiation and placental development.
Project description:Wnt signaling are essential for the maintenance and differentiation of stem/progenitor cells, including trophoblast stem cells during placental development. Hyper-activation of Wnt signaling has been shown to relate with human trophoblast diseases. However, litter is known about the impact and underlying mechanisms of excessive Wnt signaling during placental trophoblast development. In the present work, we found that Sfrp1,5 double mutant mouse exhibited disturbed trophoblast differentiation in the placental ectoplacental cone (EPC), where the precursors of secondary trophoblast giant cells (TGCs) and trophoblast cells in the spongiotrophoblast layer are located. Employing mouse models expressing a trunked β-catenin with exon 3 deletion globally and trophoblast-specifically, combining cultured trophoblast stem cells, we found that hyper-activation of canonical Wnt pathway exhausted the trophoblast precursor cells in the EPC, resulting in the overabundance of giant cells at the expense of spongiotrophoblast cells. Further examination uncovered that hyper-activation of canonical Wnt pathway disturbed trophoblast differentiation in the EPC via repressing Mash2 expression. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that appropriate canonical Wnt-β-catenin pathway is essential for EPC trophoblast differentiation during placental development. Our work also has high clinical relevance, since abnormal Wnt signaling are often associated with trophoblast-related diseases.
Project description:Wnt signaling are essential for the maintenance and differentiation of stem/progenitor cells, including trophoblast stem cells during placental development. Hyper-activation of Wnt signaling has been shown to relate with human trophoblast diseases. However, litter is known about the impact and underlying mechanisms of excessive Wnt signaling during placental trophoblast development. In the present work, we found that Sfrp1,5 double mutant mouse exhibited disturbed trophoblast differentiation in the placental ectoplacental cone (EPC), where the precursors of secondary trophoblast giant cells (TGCs) and trophoblast cells in the spongiotrophoblast layer are located. Employing mouse models expressing a trunked β-catenin with exon 3 deletion globally and trophoblast-specifically, combining cultured trophoblast stem cells, we found that hyper-activation of canonical Wnt pathway exhausted the trophoblast precursor cells in the EPC, resulting in the overabundance of giant cells at the expense of spongiotrophoblast cells. Further examination uncovered that hyper-activation of canonical Wnt pathway disturbed trophoblast differentiation in the EPC via repressing Mash2 expression. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that appropriate canonical Wnt-β-catenin pathway is essential for EPC trophoblast differentiation during placental development. Our work also has high clinical relevance, since abnormal Wnt signaling are often associated with trophoblast-related diseases.