Project description:Kallikrein-related peptidase 3 (KLK3, also known as prostate-specific antigen, PSA) is a chymotrypsin-like kallikrein that has been shown to have anti-angiogenic properties. KLK3 expression in prostate cancer is associated with low microvessel density. We have previously shown in a human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) model that the anti-angiogenic effect of KLK3 is related to its enzymatic activity. However, the mechanism of this effect remains to be clarified. To this end we have used a DNA microarray to study the KLK3-induced changes in gene expression associated with reduction of HUVEC tube formation. Among the 41000 genes studied, 311 were differentially expressed in control and KLK3-treated cells. These changes were enriched in several pathways, including the pathways associated with proteasome, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, focal adhesion and regulation of actin cytoskeleton. Furthermore, the changes were opposite to those described previously to occur during tubulogenesis. In conclusion, our results show that KLK3 induces gene expression changes in HUVECs. While these changes might be relevant for the mechanism by which KLK3 exerts its anti-angiogenic activity, it cannot be judged by the present results whether the changes are secondary to morphogenic differentiation of the cells or the primary mechanism mediating the effect of KLK3. Keywords: KLK3 treatment, tube formation Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were isolated from umbilical cord veins and grown in Endothelial Cell Basal Medium supplemented with an Endothelial Cell Growth Medium Supplement Pack (PromoCell). The cells were cultured on Matrigel basement membrane prepara-tion together with 500 nM enzymatically active KLK3 (PSA). Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was used for control. HUVECs were grown on Matrigel for 18 h. RNA was isolated from KLK3-treated and control HUVECs from three different individuals. Cell Recovery Solution (BD Biosciences) was used to detach cells from the Matrigel. Total RNA was isolated with the RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen) according to manufacturerâ??s instructions. RNA con-centration and quality of the samples was determined with an Agilent 2100 bioanalyser (Agilent Technologies) by measuring the RNA integrity number (RIN). All samples contained high quality RNA (RIN 9.5-10). DNA microarray analysis was performed with the Agilent Whole Human Genome Oligo Microar-ray 4x44K (G4112F) (Agilent Technologies Inc.) following the manufacturerâ??s protocol. Total RNA (1 ï?g) was labeled using the RNA input fluorescent linear amplification kit according to the manufacturer's recommendations (Agilent Technologies Inc.). RNA was hybridized on Agilent's Human 4x44K Oligo Microarrays containing 44000 features (41000 unique genes and transcripts). Pre-processing of the data was performed by Feature Extraction software (v 7.5.1).

Project description:Transcriptional profiling of Homo sapiens inflammatory skin diseases (whole skin biospies): Psoriasis (Pso), vs Atopic Dermatitis (AD) vs Lichen planus (Li), vs Contact Eczema (KE), vs Healthy control (KO) In recent years, different genes and proteins have been highlighted as potential biomarkers for psoriasis, one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases worldwide. However, most of these markers are not psoriasis-specific but also found in other inflammatory disorders. We performed an unsupervised cluster analysis of gene expression profiles in 150 psoriasis patients and other inflammatory skin diseases (atopic dermatitis, lichen planus, contact eczema, and healthy controls). We identified a cluster of IL-17/TNFα-associated genes specifically expressed in psoriasis, among which IL-36γ was the most outstanding marker. In subsequent immunohistological analyses IL-36γ was confirmed to be expressed in psoriasis lesions only. IL-36γ peripheral blood serum levels were found to be closely associated with disease activity, and they decreased after anti-TNFα-treatment. Furthermore, IL-36γ immunohistochemistry was found to be a helpful marker in the histological differential diagnosis between psoriasis and eczema in diagnostically challenging cases. These features highlight IL-36γ as a valuable biomarker in psoriasis patients, both for diagnostic purposes and measurement of disease activity during the clinical course. Furthermore, IL-36γ might also provide a future drug target, due to its potential amplifier role in TNFα- and IL-17 pathways in psoriatic skin inflammation. In recent years, different genes and proteins have been highlighted as potential biomarkers for psoriasis, one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases worldwide. However, most of these markers are not psoriasis-specific but also found in other inflammatory disorders. We performed an unsupervised cluster analysis of gene expression profiles in 150 psoriasis patients and other inflammatory skin diseases (atopic dermatitis, lichen planus, contact eczema, and healthy controls). We identified a cluster of IL-17/TNFα-associated genes specifically expressed in psoriasis, among which IL-36γ was the most outstanding marker. In subsequent immunohistological analyses IL-36γ was confirmed to be expressed in psoriasis lesions only. IL-36γ peripheral blood serum levels were found to be closely associated with disease activity, and they decreased after anti-TNFα-treatment. Furthermore, IL-36γ immunohistochemistry was found to be a helpful marker in the histological differential diagnosis between psoriasis and eczema in diagnostically challenging cases. These features highlight IL-36γ as a valuable biomarker in psoriasis patients, both for diagnostic purposes and measurement of disease activity during the clinical course. Furthermore, IL-36γ might also provide a future drug target, due to its potential amplifier role in TNFα- and IL-17 pathways in psoriatic skin inflammation.

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Homo sapiens

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