Sparus aurata
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PROVIDER: PRJNA144301 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:In teleosts, a complex interaction between several endocrine axes modulates physiological functions related to metabolism, stress, and osmoregulation. Although many studies in fish underline the interconnection between the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) endocrine axes, their relationship with the vasotocinergic and isotocinergic systems remains unknown. The aim of the present study is therefore to shed light on the potential cross-regulations between HPT, HPI, and the vasotocinergic and isotocinergic axes in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) at hypothalamic, hypophyseal, and plasma levels. Sea breams were administered with intraperitoneal slow-release implants containing different doses of vasotocin (the active peptide in vasotocinergic system) or cortisol (the last component of HPI axis). Plasma osmolality was higher in active neuropeptides vasotocin (Avt)-treated fish, indicating an osmoregulatory function of this hormone. Low concentrations of Avt increased hypothalamic arginine vasotocin precursor (avt) mRNA levels and increased Avt storage in the pituitary. Avt treatment down-regulated hypothalamic arginine vasotocin receptor v1a-type (avtrv1a), suggesting a negative paracrine co-regulation of the HPI axis due to the close location of avtrv1a and adrenocorticotropin hormone (Acth) cells in the anterior pituitary. Furthermore, the up-regulation observed in arginine vasotocin receptor v2-type (avtrv2) suggests their involvement in metabolic and cortisol-related pathways in the hypothalamus. The decrease in isotocin (It) pituitary storage and the up-regulation of it receptor, observed in the Avt-treated group, reinforce the idea of an interconnection between the vasotocinergic and isotocinergic systems. Cortisol and Avt administration each inhibited the HPI axis, down-regulating crh gene expression in the absence of variations in corticotropin releasing hormone binding protein (crhbp). Finally, both hormonal treatments activated the HPT axis via up-regulation of trh and down-regulation of thrb. Our results provide evidence for strong interactions among the Avt/It, HPI, and HPT axes of marine teleosts, particularly at the hypothalamic level.
2019-01-01 | S-EPMC6437069 | BioStudies
Project description:The present work was designed to assess the effects of high plasma cortisol levels induced by slow-release cortisol implants in the mRNA transcription of the GR in the different organs of the Sparus aurata, including liver. For that purpose fish were intraperitoneally injected with the implants containing two different concentrations of cortisol (50 or 200 µg/g body weight) and blood and organs were sampled after 7 and 14 days of implantation. Only fish with 200 µg/g implants exhibited a significant rise in the plasma cortisol. For microarray analysis we used livers of gilthead sea bream (N=36 fish). Fish were injected with 200 µg/g body weight of cortisol and sampled after 7 and 14 days (n=6 for each condition). RNA samples were grouped into pools of 2 animals for each time point. The analysis were carried out considering the transcripts differentially expressed in the group of fish implanted during 7 days with cortisol comparing to control group. Additionally, the transcripts differentially expressed at day 14 were compared with day 7.
2011-07-19 | E-GEOD-30782 | ArrayExpress
Project description:Environmental insults, such as exposure to pathogens, modulate the behavioural coping style of animals to stressors, and repeated exposure to stressful environments may lead to species-specific infection phenotypes. To analyse the influence of stress behavioural phenotypes on immune and metabolic performance, gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) were first screened for proactive and reactive coping styles. Once characterized, both behavioural phenotypes fish groups were bath vaccinated with bacterin from Vibrio anguillarum, an opportunistic widespread pathogen of fish. Gills and liver were sampled at 0 (control group), 1, 3 and 7 days post-vaccination. Immune-, oxidative stress- and metabolic-related transcripts (il1?, tnf?, igm, gpx1, sod, cat, lpl, ghr1 and ghr2), metabolic endpoints (glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides), hepatic health indicators (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase and alkaline phosphatase), oxidative stress status (esterase activity, total antioxidant capacity and total oxidative status) and stress biomarkers (cortisol) were determined. Present results indicate that screening for coping styles in the gilthead sea bream segregated the two distinct phenotypes as expected: proactive and reactive. Results also indicate that under bath vaccination proactive fish show high immune response and lower metabolism, whereas reactive fish show low immune and higher metabolic responses.
2018-01-01 | S-EPMC6255872 | BioStudies
Project description:Teleost fish are exposed to diverse stressors in farming and wildlife conditions during their lifespan. Cortisol is the main glucocorticoid hormone involved in the regulation of their metabolic acclimation under physiological stressful conditions. In this context, increased plasma cortisol is associated with energy substrate mobilization from metabolic tissues, such as liver and skeletal muscle, to rapidly obtain energy and cope with stress. The metabolic actions of cortisol have primarily been attributed to its genomic/classic action mechanism involving the interaction with intracellular receptors, and regulation of stress-responsive genes. However, cortisol can also interact with membrane components to activate rapid signaling pathways. In this work, using the teleost fish gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) as a model, we evaluated the effects of membrane-initiated cortisol actions on the early modulation of glucose metabolism. For this purpose, S. aurata juveniles were intraperitoneally administrated with cortisol and with its membrane impermeable analog, cortisol-BSA. After 1 and 6 h of each treatment, plasma cortisol levels were measured, together with glucose, glycogen and lactate in plasma, liver and skeletal muscle. Transcript levels of corticosteroids receptors (gr1, gr2, and mr) and key gluconeogenesis (g6pc and pepck)- and glycolysis (pgam1 and aldo) related genes in the liver were also measured. Cortisol and cortisol-BSA administration increased plasma cortisol levels in S. aurata 1 h after administration. Plasma glucose levels enhanced 6 h after each treatment. Hepatic glycogen content decreased in the liver at 1 h of both cortisol and cortisol-BSA administration, while increased at 6 h due to cortisol but not in response to cortisol-BSA. Expression of gr1, g6pc, pgam1, and aldo were preferentially increased by cortisol-BSA in the liver. Taking all these results in consideration, we suggest that non-canonical cortisol mechanisms contribute to the regulation of the early glucose metabolism responses to stress in S. aurata.
2019-01-01 | S-EPMC6863068 | BioStudies
Project description:BACKGROUND: The gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) is the main fish species cultured in the Mediterranean area and constitutes an interesting model of research. Nevertheless, transcriptomic and genomic data are still scarce for this highly valuable species. A transcriptome database was constructed by de novo assembly of gilthead sea bream sequences derived from public repositories of mRNA and collections of expressed sequence tags together with new high-quality reads from five cDNA 454 normalized libraries of skeletal muscle (1), intestine (1), head kidney (2) and blood (1). RESULTS: Sequencing of the new 454 normalized libraries produced 2,945,914 high-quality reads and the de novo global assembly yielded 125,263 unique sequences with an average length of 727 nt. Blast analysis directed to protein and nucleotide databases annotated 63,880 sequences encoding for 21,384 gene descriptions, that were curated for redundancies and frameshifting at the homopolymer regions of open reading frames, and hosted at http://www.nutrigroup-iats.org/seabreamdb. Among the annotated gene descriptions, 16,177 were mapped in the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) database, and 10,899 were eligible for functional analysis with a representation in 341 out of 372 IPA canonical pathways. The high representation of randomly selected stickleback transcripts by Blast search in the nucleotide gilthead sea bream database evidenced its high coverage of protein-coding transcripts. CONCLUSIONS: The newly assembled gilthead sea bream transcriptome represents a progress in genomic resources for this species, as it probably contains more than 75% of actively transcribed genes, constituting a valuable tool to assist studies on functional genomics and future genome projects.
2013-01-01 | S-EPMC3606596 | BioStudies
Project description:Calpains are non-lysosomal calcium-activated neutral proteases involved in a wide range of cellular processes including muscle proteolysis linked to post-mortem flesh softening. The aims of this study were (a) to characterise several members of the calpain system in gilthead sea bream and (b) to examine their expression in relation to nutritional status and muscle tenderisation. We identified the complete open reading frame of gilthead sea bream calpains1-3, sacapn1, sacapn2, sacapn3, and two paralogs of the calpain small subunit1, sacapns1a and sacapns1b. Proteins showed 63-90% sequence identity compared with sequences from mammals and other teleost fishes, and the characteristic domain structure of vertebrate calpains. Transcripts of sacapn1, sacapn2, sacapns1a and sacapns1b had a wide tissue distribution, whereas sacapn3 was almost exclusively detected in skeletal muscle. Next, we assessed transcript expression in skeletal muscle following alteration of nutritional status by (a) fasting and re-feeding or (b) feeding four experimental diets with different carbohydrate-to-protein ratios. Fasting significantly reduced plasma glucose and increased free fatty acids and triglycerides, together with a significant increase in sacapns1b expression. Following 7 days of re-feeding, plasma parameters returned to fed values and sacapn1, sacapn2, sacapns1a and sacapns1b expression was significantly reduced. Furthermore, an increase in dietary carbohydrate content (11 to 39%) diminished growth but increased muscle texture, which showed a significant correlation with decreased sacapn1 and sacapns1a expression, whilst the other calpains remained unaffected. This study has demonstrated that calpain expression is modulated by nutritional status and diet composition in gilthead sea bream, and that the expression of several calpain members is correlated with muscle texture, indicating their potential use as molecular markers for flesh quality in aquaculture production.
2013-01-01 | S-EPMC3783371 | BioStudies
Project description:We report the proteomic dataset of livers from Sparus aurata exposed to low temperature during growth. Gilthead sea bream juveniles were reared in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) and exposed to a temperature ramp made of two phases of four weeks each: a Cooling phase from 18 °C (t0) to 11 °C (t1) and a Cold Maintenance phase at 11 °C (t1-t2) in a 8 week feeding trial. At the end of the experiment, sea bream livers were collected and analyzed with a shotgun proteomics approach based on filter-aided sample preparation followed by tandem mass spectrometry, peptide identification carried out using Sequest-HT as search engine within the Proteome Discoverer informatic platform, and label-free differential analysis. The mass spectrometry data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium via the PRIDE partner repository with the dataset identifier PXD011059 (Vizcaíno et al., 2016; Deutsch et al., 2017; Perez-Riverol et al., 2016). The dataset described here is also related to the research article entitled "Liver proteomics of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) exposed to cold stress" (Ghisaura et al., 2019).
2019-01-01 | S-EPMC6742852 | BioStudies
Project description:In this data article we describe the coding sequence of two IGF-IR paralogues (IGF-IRa and IGF-IRb) obtained from gilthead sea bream embryos. The putative protein architecture (domains and other important motifs) was determined and, amino acid sequences alignment and phylogenetic analysis of both receptors together with IGF-IR orthologues from different vertebrates was performed. Additionally, a semi-quantitative conventional PCR was done to analyze the mRNA expression of both receptors in different tissues of gilthead sea bream. These data will assist in further physiological studies in this species. In this sense, the expression of both receptors during ontogeny in muscle as well as the differential effects of IGF-I and IGF-II on their regulation during in vitro myogenesis has been recently studied (doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.11.011; [1]).
2016-01-01 | S-EPMC4724695 | BioStudies
Project description:BACKGROUND: Aquaculture represents the most sustainable alternative of seafood supply to substitute for the declining marine fisheries, but severe production bottlenecks remain to be solved. The application of genomic technologies offers much promise to rapidly increase our knowledge on biological processes in farmed species and overcome such bottlenecks. Here we present an integrated platform for mRNA expression profiling in the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), a marine teleost of great importance for aquaculture. RESULTS: A public data base was constructed, consisting of 19,734 unique clusters (3,563 contigs and 16,171 singletons). Functional annotation was obtained for 8,021 clusters. Over 4,000 sequences were also associated with a GO entry. Two 60mer probes were designed for each gene and in-situ synthesized on glass slides using Agilent SurePrint technology. Platform reproducibility and accuracy were assessed on two early stages of sea bream development (one-day and four days old larvae). Correlation between technical replicates was always > 0.99, with strong positive correlation between paired probes. A two class SAM test identified 1,050 differentially expressed genes between the two developmental stages. Functional analysis suggested that down-regulated transcripts (407) in older larvae are mostly essential/housekeeping genes, whereas tissue-specific genes are up-regulated in parallel with the formation of key organs (eye, digestive system). Cross-validation of microarray data was carried out using quantitative qRT-PCR on 11 target genes, selected to reflect the whole range of fold-change and both up-regulated and down-regulated genes. A statistically significant positive correlation was obtained comparing expression levels for each target gene across all biological replicates. Good concordance between qRT-PCR and microarray data was observed between 2- and 7-fold change, while fold-change compression in the microarray was present for differences greater than 10-fold in the qRT-PCR. CONCLUSION: A highly reliable oligo-microarray platform was developed and validated for the gilthead sea bream despite the presently limited knowledge of the species transcriptome. Because of the flexible design this array will be able to accommodate additional probes as soon as novel unique transcripts are available.
2008-01-01 | S-EPMC2648989 | BioStudies
Project description:The gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) occurs around the Mediterranean and along Eastern Atlantic coasts from Great Britain to Senegal. It is tolerant of a wide range of temperatures and salinities and is often found in brackish coastal lagoons and estuarine areas, particularly early in its life cycle. Gilthead sea bream are extensively cultivated in the Mediterranean with an annual production of 125,000 metric tonnes. Here we present a de novo assembly of the fast skeletal muscle transcriptome of gilthead sea bream using 454 reads and identify gene paralogues, splice variants and microsatellite repeats. An annotated transcriptome of the skeletal muscle will facilitate understanding of the genetic and molecular basis of traits linked to production in this economically important species.Around 2.7 million reads of mRNA sequence data were generated from the fast myotomal of adult fish (~2 kg) and juvenile fish (~0.09 kg) that had been either fed to satiation, fasted for 3-5d or transferred to low (11°C) or high (33°C) temperatures for 3-5d. Newbler v2.5 assembly resulted in 43,461 isotigs >100 bp. The number of sequences annotated by searching protein and gene ontology databases was 10,465. The average coverage of the annotated isotigs was x40 containing 5655 unique gene IDs and 785 full-length cDNAs coding for proteins containing 58-1536 amino acids. The v2.5 assembly was found to be of good quality based on validation using 200 full-length cDNAs from GenBank. Annotated isotigs from the reference transcriptome were attributable to 344 KEGG pathway maps. We identified 26 gene paralogues (20 of them teleost-specific) and 43 splice variants, of which 12 had functional domains missing that were likely to affect their biological function. Many key transcription factors, signaling molecules and structural proteins necessary for myogenesis and muscle growth have been identified. Physiological status affected the number of reads that mapped to isotigs, reflecting changes in gene expression between treatments.We have produced a comprehensive fast skeletal muscle transcriptome for the gilthead sea bream, which will provide a resource for SNP discovery in genes with a large effect on production traits of commercial interest and for expression studies of growth and adaptation.
2012-01-01 | S-EPMC3418159 | BioStudies