Clostridium butyricum 5521
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PROVIDER: PRJNA20023 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Analysis of proteins from botulinum neurotoxin-producing Clostridium butyricum strains grown upon exposure to air. This strain usually lives in anaerobic environments, but we found that it is able to keep growing and producing toxin in vitro upon exposure to air. This project analyzes the proteins differentially expressed both in anaerobic and aerobic conditions.
2019-04-18 | PXD013383 | Pride
Project description:The PFGRC has developed a cost effective alternative to complete genome sequencing in order to study the genetic differences between closely related species and/or strains. The comparative genomics approach combines Gene Discovery (GD) and Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) techniques, resulting in the design and production of species microarrays that represent the diversity of a species beyond just the sequenced reference strain(s) used in the initial microarray design. These species arrays may then be used to interrogate hundreds of closely related strains in order to further unravel their evolutionary relationships. Clostridium botulinum produces botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT)and is classified as a “Category A” select agent. BoNT can be classified into seven serotypes designated A-G. There is considerable genetic variation within these serotypes, as demonstrated by the recognition of at least 47 subtypes. The most studied serotype, BoNT/A, has been found in a large and diverse group of clostridia, most of which express the subtype BoNT/A1. The BoNT/A1 producing C. botulinum strain ATCC 3502, used to obtain an initial annotated genome sequence, is not representative of the diverse clostridia group producing BoNT. Nearly 50% of C. botulinum strains producing BoNT/A1 have been shown to also encode unexpressed variants of BoNT/B with a distinct cluster arrangement. This nucleotide cluster is completely absent from the published genome sequence. In addition, a recently identified novel BoNT/A1 strain lacks the gene cluster seen in the genome sequence of ATCC 3502. Furthermore, a strain designated Hall A Hyper differs greatly from the sequenced strain as indicated by its ability to produce higher quantities of BoNT/A1. The genetic and phenotypic basis for this difference in BoNT expression is currently unknown, and the sequences of the BoNT gene and the cluster are identical in both strains. This observation supports the hypothesis that genes outside the toxin cluster are involved in the regulation and maturation of BoNT. The flow of genetic information within this group motivated us to identify novel genes for the purpose of creating a “species” DNA microarray to better understand the ancestral relationships among its members. Based on preliminary genotyping (MLST, and CGH using a single-genome-based array), 20 diverse C. botulinum strains were selected for sequencing. Sequence information obtained from this project, and from other publicly available sources, led to the development of a comprehensive species microarray for C. botulinum group members. The availability of the C. botulinum species DNA microarray has allowed us to carry out a collaborative CGH genotyping project to validate this microarray as well as understand the phylogenomic relationships among members of C. botulinum group.
2009-11-26 | GSE19107 | GEO
Project description:Clostridium butyricum GDSL-type esterase/lipase family protein
| PRJNA830996 | ENA
Project description:Clostridium butyricum GDSL-type esterase/lipase family protein
| PRJNA827700 | ENA
Project description:Clostridium botulinum is a heterogeneous Gram-positive species that comprises four genetically and physiologically distinct groups of bacteria that share the ability to produce botulinum neurotoxin, the most poisonous toxin known to man, and the causative agent of botulism, a severe disease of humans and animals. We report here the complete genome sequence of a representative of Group I (proteolytic) C. botulinum (strain Hall A, ATCC 3502). The genome consists of a chromosome (3,886,916 bp) and a plasmid (16,344 bp) which carry 3,650 and 19 predicted genes, respectively. Consistent with the proteolytic phenotype of this strain, the genome harbours a large number of genes encoding secreted proteases and enzymes involved in uptake and metabolism of amino acids. The genome also reveals a hitherto unknown ability of C. botulinum to degrade chitin. There is a significant lack of recently acquired DNA, indicating a stable genomic content, in strong contrast to the fluid genome of C. difficile, which can form longer-term relationships with its host. Overall, the genome indicates that C. botulinum is adapted to a saprophytic lifestyle both in soil and aquatic environments. This pathogen relies on its toxin to rapidly kill a wide range of prey species, and to gain access to nutrient sources, it releases a large number of extracellular enzymes to soften and destroy rotting or decayed tissues.
2007-05-23 | E-TABM-264 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC4073117 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Metabolites are thought as the end products in cellular regulatory processes and their levels show the strongest relationships with the phenotype. Previously, we showed that the administration of Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI 588 (CBM 588) upregulated protectin D1, an anti-inflammatory lipid metabolite, in colon tissue under antibiotic therapy. However, how CBM 588 induces protectin D1 expression and whether the metabolite has anti-inflammatory effects on antibiotic-induced inflammation are unclear. Therefore, here, we evaluated the effect of CBM 588 on lipid metabolism and protectin D1 in gut protection from antibiotic-induced intestinal disorders. In the CBM 588 treatment group, expression levels of genes encoding lipid receptors related to the conversion of DHA to protectin D1, such as polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) receptors, G-protein coupled receptor 120 (GPR120), and 15-lipoxygenase (LOX), were increased in colon tissue. CD4+ cells producing interleukin (IL)-4, the main component of T helper type 2 (Th2) cells that can activate 15-LOX, also increased in CBM 588-treated groups even after clindamycin co-administration. In addition, similar to CBM 588, exogenously administered protectin D1 reduced inflammatory cytokines, while IL-10 and TGF-β1, works as anti-inflammatory cytokines, were increased. Our data revealed that CBM 588 activated 15-LOX to enhance protectin D1 production by increasing IL-4-producing CD4+ cell population in the intestinal tract. Additionally, CBM 588-induced protectin D1 clearly upregulated IL-10-producing CD4+ cells to control antibiotic-induced gut inflammation. We provide new insights into CBM 588-mediated lipid metabolism induction for the treatment of gut inflammatory diseases.
2020-10-14 | MTBLS2087 | MetaboLights
Project description:Clostridium tetani produces the tetanus-causing tetanus toxin (TeNT), one of the most powerful bacterial toxins known to humankind. The regulation of toxin expression is complex and involves the alternative sigma factor TetR as well as other regulators. Here, we identified a novel regulatory molecule, a non-coding small regulatory RNA (sRNA), located in the 3’ untranslated region of the tent gene. We show with an antisense RNA approach and recombinant expression of the tent locus with and without the sRNA in C. tetani strains that the sRNA acts as a negative regulator of TeNT expression and modulates the growth pattern of C. tetani. Its possible role is to limit tetanus toxin levels in the exponential growth phase; thus, it might interlock bacterial growth and toxin production.
2020-07-31 | GSE150141 | GEO
Project description:Clostridium difficile is an important nosocomial pathogen and the leading cause of hospital-acquired diarrhea. Antibiotic use is the primary risk factor for the development of C. difficile-associated disease because it disrupts normal protective gut flora and enables C. difficile to colonize the colon. C. difficile damages host tissue by secreting toxins and disseminates by forming spores. The toxin-encoding genes, tcdA and tcdB are part of a pathogenicity locus, which also encodes the gene tcdR that codes for the toxin genes positive regulator. TcdR is an alternate sigma factor that initiates transcription of tcdA and tcdB at their promoters. Alternative sigma factors are known to regulate virulence and virulence associated genes in many pathogenic bacteria. We created a tcdR mutant in the epidemic-type C. difficile R20291 strain in an attempt to identify the global role of tcdR. A site-directed mutation in tcdR affected both toxin production and sporulation in C. difficile R20291. Spores derived from the tcdR mutant were found to be mildly temperature sensitive. Moreover, nearly two fold more taurocholate was needed to germinate spores from the tcdR mutant than the spores prepared from the wild-type parent strain. Comparison of the tcdR mutant transcriptome with the parent strain revealed many differentially expressed late sporulation genes in the tcdR mutant. These data suggests that gene regulatory networks of toxin production and sporulation in Clostridium difficile are linked with each other.
2017-03-07 | GSE85395 | GEO