Mus musculus
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA200730 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are essential in the induction of high-affinity, class-switched antibodies. The differentiation of Tfh cells is a multi-step process that depends upon the co-receptor ICOS and the activation of phosphoinositide-3 kinase leading to the expression of key Tfh cell genes. We report that ICOS signaling inactivates the transcription factor FOXO1, and a Foxo1 genetic deletion allowed for generation of Tfh cells with reduced dependence on ICOS ligand. Conversely, enforced nuclear localization of FOXO1 inhibited Tfh cell development even though ICOS was overexpressed. FOXO1 regulated Tfh cell differentiation through a broad program of gene expression exemplified by its negative regulation of Bcl6. Final differentiation to germinal center Tfh cells (GC-Tfh) was instead FOXO1 dependent as the Foxo1(-/-) GC-Tfh cell population was substantially reduced. We propose that ICOS signaling transiently inactivates FOXO1 to initiate a Tfh cell contingency that is completed in a FOXO1-dependent manner.
2015-01-01 | GSE46525 | GEO
Project description:T follicular helper (Tfh) cells constitute an essential cell type in the induction of antibodies. We report that CD4 T cells lacking Foxo1 almost uniformly became CXCR5int Tfh cells following immunization. Moreover, a Foxo1 loss-of-function complemented an Icos mutation allowing the appearance of Tfh cells along with follicular, class-switched B cells and IgG isotype anti-DNA antibodies. Similarly, FOXO1 deficient Tfh differentiation displayed a substantially reduced dependence on ICOSL. Functional and molecular analyses show that FOXO1 regulates Tfh differentiation through a broad program of gene expression exemplified by positive regulation of Icos and negative regulation of Bcl6. These results demonstrate that a key step in Tfh differentiation is the ICOS-initiated activation of the PI3K-AKT pathway resulting in the inactivation of FOXO1. Performed ChIP-seq analysis to examine the role of foxo1 in the development of Tfh cells
2013-06-01 | E-GEOD-46525 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:AbstractFollicular helper T (Tfh) cells are crucial for germinal center (GC) formation and humoral adaptive immunity. Mechanisms underlying Tfh cell differentiation in peripheral and mucosal lymphoid organs are incompletely understood. We report here that mTOR kinase complexes 1 and 2 (mTORC1 and mTORC2) are essential for Tfh cell differentiation and GC reaction under steady state and after antigen immunization and viral infection. Loss of mTORC1 and mTORC2 in T cells exerted distinct effects on Tfh cell signature gene expression, whereas increased mTOR activity promoted Tfh responses. Deficiency of mTORC2 impaired CD4+ T cell accumulation and IgA production, and aberrantly induced Foxo1 transcription factor. Mechanistically, the costimulatory molecule ICOS activated mTORC1 and mTORC2 to drive glycolysis and lipogenesis, and Glut1-mediated glucose metabolism promoted Tfh cell responses. Altogether, mTOR acts as a central node in Tfh cells to link immune signals to glucose metabolism and transcriptional activity.
2017-08-04 | GSE85555 | GEO
Project description:The maintenance of the TFH phenotype depends on continuous signals via ICOS. For a global assessment of differences in gene expression after interruption of the ICOS pathway a genome wide transcriptome analysis was performed. We used the OT-II adoptive transfer system to isolate antigen-specific TFH cells (day 6 after immunization) after short-term (6 hours) blockade of the ICOS pathway using a monoclonal antibody against ICOS-L. Gene expression profiles of TFH cells with or without ICOS-L blockade. Affymetrix MG 430 2.0 whole genome arrays were performed in duplicates for the control and blockade group (4 arrays in total). To obtain genes significantly regulated upon ICOS L blockade, the expression profiles of TFH cells treated with an isotype control or anti-ICOS-L antibody were compared to each other. After total RNA extraction, reverse transcription, cDNA extraction, the biotinylated cRNA was transcribed, fragmented, and 15 M-BM-5g cRNA hybridized in duplicates for each of the two groups to the 4 GeneChip arrays: Group1 TFH cells control, Group2 TFH cells ICOS-L blockade.
2015-01-19 | E-GEOD-49314 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:After activation, CD4+ helper T (Th) cells differentiate; into distinct effector subsets. Although chemokine; (C-X-C motif) receptor 5-expressing T follicular; helper (Tfh) cells are important in humoral immunity,; their developmental regulation is unclear. Here we; show that Tfh cells had a distinct gene expression; profile and developed in vivo independently of the; Th1 or Th2 cell lineages. Tfh cell generation was regulated; by ICOS ligand (ICOSL) expressed on B cells; and was dependent on interleukin-21 (IL-21), IL-6,; and signal transducer and activator of transcription; 3. However, unlike Th17 cells, differentiation of Tfh; cells did not require transforming growth factor; b (TGF-b) or Th17-specific orphan nuclear receptors; RORa and RORg in vivo. Finally, naive T cells activated; in vitro in the presence of IL-21 but not; TGF-b signaling preferentially acquired Tfh gene; expression and promoted germinal-center reactions; in vivo. This study thus demonstrates that Tfh is a; distinct Th cell lineage. Experiment Overall Design: Splenic CD4+CXCR5+ T cells were isolated from KLH-immunized mice and restimulated with anti-CD3 for 4 hours before total RNA preparation. Affymetrix gene chips were used to analyze their gene expression.
2008-10-21 | E-GEOD-11924 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Genome-wide analysis of FoxO1 and Pax5 binding in pre-B cells following attenuation of IL-7 signaling. Transcription factor FoxO1 has been shown to be an essential factor for Ig light chain rearrangement. Results demonstrate that FoxO1 and Pax5 co-target genes that are activated during pre-B cell differentiation. Examination of FoxO1 and/or Pax5 binding under withdrawal of IL-7R signaling.
2012-01-12 | E-GEOD-35024 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:ICOS is a T cell costimulatory receptor critical for Tfh cell generation and function. However, the role of ICOS in Tfr cell differentiation remains unclear. Using Foxp3-Cre-mediated ICOS knockout (ICOS FC) mice, we show that ICOS deficiency in Treg-lineage cells drastically reduces the number of Tfr cells during GC reactions but has a minimal impact on conventional Treg cells. Single-cell transcriptome analysis of Foxp3+ cells at an early stage of the GC reaction suggests that ICOS normally inhibits Klf2 expression to promote follicular features including Bcl6 upregulation. Further, ICOS costimulation promotes nuclear localization of NFAT2, a known driver of CXCR5 expression. Notably, ICOS FC mice had an unaltered overall GC B cell output but showed signs of expanded autoreactive B cells along with elevated autoantibody titers. Thus, our study demonstrates that ICOS costimulation is critical for Tfr cell differentiation and highlights the importance of Tfr cells in maintaining humoral immune tolerance during GC reactions.
2023-02-02 | GSE164995 | GEO
Project description:After activation, CD4+ helper T (Th) cells differentiate into distinct effector subsets. Although chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 5-expressing T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are important in humoral immunity, their developmental regulation is unclear. Here we show that Tfh cells had a distinct gene expression profile and developed in vivo independently of the Th1 or Th2 cell lineages. Tfh cell generation was regulated by ICOS ligand (ICOSL) expressed on B cells and was dependent on interleukin-21 (IL-21), IL-6, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. However, unlike Th17 cells, differentiation of Tfh cells did not require transforming growth factor b (TGF-b) or Th17-specific orphan nuclear receptors RORa and RORg in vivo. Finally, naive T cells activated in vitro in the presence of IL-21 but not TGF-b signaling preferentially acquired Tfh gene expression and promoted germinal-center reactions in vivo. This study thus demonstrates that Tfh is a distinct Th cell lineage.
2008-07-03 | GSE11924 | GEO
Project description:T Follicular helper (Tfh) cell is an effector CD4+ T cell subset specialized in helping B cells in germinal centers (GC) reactions. Although Bcl6 was identified as a Tfh-specific transcription factor essential for their development, the molecular mechanisms underlying Bcl6 regulation and Tfh cell commitment remain unclear. Here, we report that Tox2 transcription factor is highly expressed in Tfh cells, regulated by Bcl6 and STAT3. Forced expression of Tox2 drives Bcl6 expression and Tfh development. Mechanistically, Tox2 directly binds to Tfh-associated genes, including Bcl6, and functions to promote their chromatin accessibility and modulate the activities of other Tfh-regulating factors. Conversely, genetic deletion of Tox2 results in defective Tfh differentiation, and inhibiting both Tox and Tox2 in T cells abolishes Tfh differentiation and GC response. Thus, our results demonstrate that Tox2 is a key transcription factor that regulates Bcl6 expression and Tfh development and suggest a Tox2-Bcl6 axis in feed-forward regulation of Tfh program.
2019-10-30 | GSE136538 | GEO
Project description:T Follicular helper (Tfh) cell is an effector CD4+ T cell subset specialized in helping B cells in germinal centers (GC) reactions. Although Bcl6 was identified as a Tfh-specific transcription factor essential for their development, the molecular mechanisms underlying Bcl6 regulation and Tfh cell commitment remain unclear. Here, we report that Tox2 transcription factor is highly expressed in Tfh cells, regulated by Bcl6 and STAT3. Forced expression of Tox2 drives Bcl6 expression and Tfh development. Mechanistically, Tox2 directly binds to Tfh-associated genes, including Bcl6, and functions to promote their chromatin accessibility and modulate the activities of other Tfh-regulating factors. Conversely, genetic deletion of Tox2 results in defective Tfh differentiation, and inhibiting both Tox and Tox2 in T cells abolishes Tfh differentiation and GC response. Thus, our results demonstrate that Tox2 is a key transcription factor that regulates Bcl6 expression and Tfh development and suggest a Tox2-Bcl6 axis in feed-forward regulation of Tfh program.
2019-10-30 | GSE136537 | GEO