Project description:Despite the well-recognized role of IL-13–induced transcriptional responses in allergic inflammation, the epigenetic mechanisms driven by IL-13 have not been well defined. We interrogated the transcriptional and epigenetic signatures of IL-13-induced epithelial responses focusing on the chromatin activation marks H3K4me3, H3K9Ac, and H3K27Ac. ChIP-sequencing analysis revealed that IL-13–inducible genes were epigenetically poised for induction and continued to accumulate epigenetic changes in response to IL-13. By intersecting the transcriptome and the epigenome of the IL-13 response, we identified neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor 1 (NTRK1) as a major target of IL-13 in epithelial cells. Using eosinophilic esophagitis as a model system for human allergic inflammation, we found that NTRK1 was dramatically induced in inflamed esophageal biopsies, and downstream mediators of NTRK1 signaling were elevated in diseased tissue. The NTRK1 ligand nerve growth factor (NGF) was constitutively expressed in control and disease states, indicating that induction of the receptor by IL-13 limited pathway activation. In epithelial cells, NGF and IL-13 synergistically induced transcription and secretion of the key eosinophil chemoattractant CCL26 (eotaxin-3). In summary, we demonstrate that IL-13–mediated allergic responses are epigenetically driven and identify NTRK1 as a novel epigenetic and transcriptional target of IL-13 that uniquely contributes to allergic inflammation. Human esophageal epithelial cell line TE-7 was stimulated with IL-13 at 100 ng/ml for 2 hr, 6 hr and 24 hr and subjected to RNA-sequencing. In parallel, TE-7 cells were induced with IL-13 for 6 hr and subjected to ChIP-sequencing analysis for H3K4me3, H3K9Ac and H3K27Ac activating chromatin marks.
Project description:Despite the well-recognized role of IL-13–induced transcriptional responses in allergic inflammation, the epigenetic mechanisms driven by IL-13 have not been well defined. We interrogated the transcriptional and epigenetic signatures of IL-13-induced epithelial responses focusing on the chromatin activation marks H3K4me3, H3K9Ac, and H3K27Ac. ChIP-sequencing analysis revealed that IL-13–inducible genes were epigenetically poised for induction and continued to accumulate epigenetic changes in response to IL-13. By intersecting the transcriptome and the epigenome of the IL-13 response, we identified neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor 1 (NTRK1) as a major target of IL-13 in epithelial cells. Using eosinophilic esophagitis as a model system for human allergic inflammation, we found that NTRK1 was dramatically induced in inflamed esophageal biopsies, and downstream mediators of NTRK1 signaling were elevated in diseased tissue. The NTRK1 ligand nerve growth factor (NGF) was constitutively expressed in control and disease states, indicating that induction of the receptor by IL-13 limited pathway activation. In epithelial cells, NGF and IL-13 synergistically induced transcription and secretion of the key eosinophil chemoattractant CCL26 (eotaxin-3). In summary, we demonstrate that IL-13–mediated allergic responses are epigenetically driven and identify NTRK1 as a novel epigenetic and transcriptional target of IL-13 that uniquely contributes to allergic inflammation.
Project description:Sequencing of different cell populations of the Jugular-nodose complex (JNC) in a mouse model of Allergic inflammation, and sequencing of cultured JNC nociceptors exposed to IL-13.
Project description:Uncontrolled type 2 immunity by type 2 helper T (Th2) cells causes intractable allergic diseases; however, whether the interaction of CD4+ T cells shapes the pathophysiology of allergic diseases remains unclear. We identified a subset of Th2 cells that produced the serine proteases granzyme A and B early in differentiation. Granzymes cleave protease-activated receptor (Par)-1 and induce phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), resulting in the enhanced production of IL-5 and IL-13 in both mouse and human Th2 cells. Ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) regulates IL-4-induced phosphorylation of STAT3, resulting in granzyme production during Th2 cell differentiation. Genetic deletion of Usp7 or Gzma and pharmacological blockade of granzyme B ameliorated allergic airway inflammation. Furthermore, PAR-1+ and granzyme+ Th2 cells were colocalized in nasal polyps from patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis. Thus, the USP7-STAT3-granzymes-Par-1 pathway is a potential therapeutic target for intractable allergic diseases.
Project description:Many symptoms associated with allergic asthma result from the sequelae of type 2 inflammation. Interleukin (IL)-25 promotes type 2 inflammatory responses, and T2M cells represent an IL-4 and IL-13 producing granulocytic IL-25 responsive population. We used microarrays to characterize the gene expression profile of T2M cells, and compared T2M cells to other inflammatory subsets (eosinophils, neutrophils, and macrophages) in the lungs of mice with IL-25-induced pulmonary inflammation.
Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) exert powerful effects on immunity through coordinate regulation of multiple target genes in a wide variety of cells. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are tissue sentinel mediators of allergic inflammation. We established the physiological requirements for miRNAs in ILC2 homeostasis and immune function, and compared the global miRNA repertoire of resting and activated ILC2s and T helper type 2 (TH2) cells. Mice lacking the miR-17~92 cluster in ILC2s displayed reduced lung inflammation following exposure to the natural allergen papain. Moreover, miR-17~92-deficient ILC2s exhibited defective growth and cytokine expression in response to IL-33 and TSLP in vitro. The miR-17~92 cluster member miR-19a promoted IL-13 production and inhibited expression of several target genes, including SOCS1 and A20, signaling inhibitors that limit IL-13 production. These findings establish miRNAs as important regulators of ILC2 biology, reveal overlapping but non-identical miRNA-regulated gene expression networks in ILC2s and TH2 cells, and reinforce the therapeutic potential of targeting miR-19 to alleviate pathogenic allergic responses .
Project description:Background: A specific subset of regulatory IL-10 producing B cells has been extensively studied in autoimmune and inflammatory pathologies. These cells are able to constrain exacerbated inflammation by inhibiting T cell mediated responses and maturation of antigen presenting cells. In allergic diseases, observations that increase of regulatory B cells is necessary for allergen tolerance suggest that development of allergic asthma would be associated with a defect in the regulatory B cells compartment. Objective: We sought to (i) characterize regulatory IL-10+ regulatory B cell subset in Balb/c mice by microarray and flow cytometry and (ii) investigate their regulatory capacity in vivo in a house dust mite model of allergic asthma. Results: We identified an IL-10 producing B cells subset able to control T cell proliferation in vitro in both control and asthmatic mice. This subset is decreased in allergic mice. IL-10+ Breg cells express high levels of CD9 and upregulate CD70 and CD73 after activation. Expression of CD9 allows identifying more than 50% of Bregs. Interestingly CD9+ B cells inhibit TH2-TH17 allergic airway inflammation in vivo after adoptive transfer in an IL-10 dependent manner. Conclusions: Herein, we demonstrate that induction of allergic asthma dampens the generation of Bregs contributing to exacerbated airway inflammation. We identified a distinct CD9+ Breg-cell population decreased in lung of HDM mice and able to control asthma and allergic airway inflammation by producing IL-10 after adoptive transfer. This study points B cells as an interesting therapeutic target in allergic asthma. IL-10+ B cells (n=3) and 3 IL-10- B cells (n=3) in control mice + IL-10+ B cells (n=3) and 3 IL-10- B cells (n=3) from asthmatic allergic (HDM) mice
Project description:The IL-13 is a central mediator of allergic asthma. This project investigates the mechanisms by which IL-13 elicits the symptoms of asthma. Keywords: other
Project description:Many symptoms associated with allergic asthma result from the sequelae of type 2 inflammation. Interleukin (IL)-25 promotes type 2 inflammatory responses, and T2M cells represent an IL-4 and IL-13 producing granulocytic IL-25 responsive population. We used microarrays to characterize the gene expression profile of T2M cells, and compared T2M cells to other inflammatory subsets (eosinophils, neutrophils, and macrophages) in the lungs of mice with IL-25-induced pulmonary inflammation. Inflammatory subsets were isolated from the lungs of IL-25 treated 4get mice for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays. We pooled cells from 4 donor mice for each replicate, and used FACS to isolate pure populations of each inflammatory subset in parallel. We analyzed 3 T2M replicates and 2 replicates each of the other inflammatory subsets.
Project description:The IL-13 is a central mediator of allergic asthma. This project investigates the mechanisms by which IL-13 elicits the symptoms of asthma.