Project description:To explore mechanisms involved in the plant-microbe interactions, we proceeded with genome-wide transcriptome analysis of Arabidopsis roots incubated with E. coli Bl21 for 24 hours. Control plants did not receive E. coli.
Project description:Magnesium (Mg) is essential for many biological processes in plant cells and its deficiency causes yield reduction in crop systems. Low Mg status reportedly impacts on photosynthesis, sucrose partitioning and biomass allocation. However, earlier responses to Mg deficiency are scarcely described. Generally, symptoms of nutrient deficiency appear in specific ages of leaves. Therefore, we hypothesised that transcriptional responses to Mg deficiency are different depending on the ages of leaves, and performed a global transcriptomic analysis in two types of leaves; source and sink leaves of the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana to reveal the earlier responses to Mg deficiency. The global transcriptomic study revealed that short-term Mg deficiency triggers the expression of defence response genes in sink leaves. In roots, although short-term Mg deficiency enhanced the Mg2+ uptake from the environmnet, transcriptional levels of genes encoding putative Mg2+ transporters in roots were unchanged, suggesting non-transcriptional regulation of Mg2+ uptake in roots.
Project description:This study investigates extent and functional significance of alternative splicing in Arabidopsis thaliana defense against the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst). We have provided a detailed characterization of the Arabidopsis thaliana transcriptional response to Pseudomonas syringae infection in both susceptible and resistant hosts. We carried out two independent inoculation experiments (biological replicates) for each treatment. Col-0 is susceptible to virulent Pst DC3000 but has a functional RPS4 resistance gene effective against DC3000 expressing AvrRps4
Project description:This experiment has been annotated by TAIR (http://arabidopsis.org). In this experiment, different tissue preparations of wild type Columbia-0 Arabidopsis thaliana plants were hybridized and run on the ATH1 Affymetrix platform. Experimenter name = Chris Somerville Experimenter phone = 650-325-1521 ext203 Experimenter fax = 650-325-6857 Experimenter address = Plant Biology Experimenter address = Carnegie Institution Experimenter address = 260 Panama Street Experimenter address = Stanford Experimenter zip/postal_code = CA 94305-1297 Experimenter country = USA Keywords: organism_part_comparison_design;
Project description:We found that amino acid transporter LHT1 was required for negatively regulating plant defence responses in addition to its physiological role in development and growth. In order to identify which defense pathways were involved in this process, we compared the expression profiles between wild type and lht1 mutant leaves without or with infection by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst). In the lht1 mutant, except the changes in nitrogen metabolism-, cellular redox-, and photorespiration-associated gene expressions, the most drastic upregulations were found in the salicylic acid pathway-associated defense genes.
Project description:Leaf-to-leaf, systemic immune signaling known as systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is poorly understood in monocotyledonous plants. Here, we characterize systemic immunity in barley (Hordeum vulgare) triggered after primary leaf infection with either Pseudomonas syringae pathovar japonica (Psj) or Xanthomonas translucens pathovar cerealis (Xtc). Both pathogens induced resistance in systemic, uninfected leaves against a subsequent challenge infection with Xtc. In contrast to SAR in Arabidopsis thaliana, systemic immunity in barley was not associated with NONEXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES1 or the local or systemic accumulation of salicylic acid (SA). Instead, we documented a moderate local but not systemic induction of abscisic acid (ABA) after infection of leaves with Psj. In contrast to SA or its functional analog benzothiadiazole, local applications of the jasmonic acid methyl ester or ABA triggered systemic immunity to Xtc. RNA-seq analysis of local and systemic transcript accumulation revealed unique gene expression changes in response to both Psj and Xtc and a clear separation of local from systemic responses. The systemic response appeared relatively modest and quantitative RT-PCR associated systemic immunity with the local and systemic induction of two WRKY and two ETHYLENE RESPONSIVE FACTOR-like transcription factors. Systemic immunity against Xtc was further associated with transcriptional changes after a secondary/systemic Xtc challenge infection; these changes were dependent on the primary treatment. Taken together, bacteria-induced systemic immunity in barley may be mediated in part by WRKY and ERF-like transcription factors possibly facilitating transcriptional reprogramming to potentiate immunity.
Project description:Leaf-to-leaf, systemic immune signaling known as systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is poorly understood in monocotyledonous plants. Here, we characterize systemic immunity in barley (Hordeum vulgare) triggered after primary leaf infection with either Pseudomonas syringae pathovar japonica (Psj) or Xanthomonas translucens pathovar cerealis (Xtc). Both pathogens induced resistance in systemic, uninfected leaves against a subsequent challenge infection with Xtc. In contrast to SAR in Arabidopsis thaliana, systemic immunity in barley was not associated with NONEXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES1 or the local or systemic accumulation of salicylic acid (SA). Instead, we documented a moderate local but not systemic induction of abscisic acid (ABA) after infection of leaves with Psj. In contrast to SA or its functional analog benzothiadiazole, local applications of the jasmonic acid methyl ester or ABA triggered systemic immunity to Xtc. RNA-seq analysis of local and systemic transcript accumulation revealed unique gene expression changes in response to both Psj and Xtc and a clear separation of local from systemic responses. The systemic response appeared relatively modest and quantitative RT-PCR associated systemic immunity with the local and systemic induction of two WRKY and two ETHYLENE RESPONSIVE FACTOR-like transcription factors. Systemic immunity against Xtc was further associated with transcriptional changes after a secondary/systemic Xtc challenge infection; these changes were dependent on the primary treatment. Taken together, bacteria-induced systemic immunity in barley may be mediated in part by WRKY and ERF-like transcription factors possibly facilitating transcriptional reprogramming to potentiate immunity.
Project description:Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a long-lasting broad-spectrum plant defense mechanism that is induced by mobile signals generated in the primarily infected leaves. Although multiple mobile SAR signals have been proposed, how these signals are perceived in the systemic leaves is unknown. Here, we show that extracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) (eNAD(P)) accumulates in the systemic leaves and that both eNAD(P) and its receptor, the lectin receptor kinase (LecRK), LecRK-VI.2, are required in the systemic leaves for the establishment of SAR. Moreover, the mobile signal N-hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP) induces de novo NAD(P) leakage in the systemic leaves through the respiratory burst oxidase homolog RBOHF-produced reactive oxygen species (ROS). Importantly, NHP-induced systemic immunity depends on ROS, eNAD(P), and the eNAD(P) receptor complex LecRK-VI.2/ BAK1, indicating that NHP triggers SAR through the ROS-eNAD(P)-LecRK-VI.2/BAK1 signaling pathway. Our results uncovered a long-sought-after mechanism underlying the perception of mobile SAR signals in the systemic leaves