Project description:As an adaptive response to the environment, oaks have evolved long taproots that increase their ability to acquire water. Taproots penetrate deeper layers of soil and send out absorptive roots that can then uptake water from these layers. This ability enables taproots to supply trees with water better. Unfortunately, the applied agrotechnical procedures during seedlings production in container nurseries damage the oaks' taproot, leading to changes in the root system structure. That changes may make the seedlings more responsive to chronic or periodic episodes of severe drought. In turn, seedlings that containers do not restrict roots growth, i.e. grown in rhizotron, may elongate because they are not subjected to air-pruning. Despite their significant role, little is known about the internal factors (specific genes) and their interactions that regulate taproot elongation in oaks seedlings. Thus, our study aimed to determine the potential genes regulating growth, cessation and physiology of taproot and check whether there is a difference in the expression level of the genes involved in root development. For this purpose, we performed next-generation sequencing (NGS), taproots and lateral roots, which allowed us to obtain a complete picture of the transcriptomes. Our findings of taproot growth regulations can be used to improve trees production in forest nurseries.
Project description:Multiple individuals sampled from across all 7 species of the American live oaks, and outgroup samples from the white oaks, red oaks, and golden oaks. Raw sequence reads
Project description:To determine the wood degradation mechanism and its key genes of Lenzites gibbosa, we sequenced 15 transcriptomes of mycelial samples under woody environments at 3, 5, 7, and 11 d (D3, D5, D7, and D11) and non-woody environments (CK). All the transcripts were annotated as much as possible in eight databases to determine their function. The key genes and biological processes, relating to wood degradation, were predicted and screened. A total of 2069 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained in ten differential groups. Comparing wood with non-wood treatment conditions, the key genes were those participating in oxidation-reduction process, they were oxidoreductases and peroxidases genes, and their regulators genes; these genes mainly focused on the three biological processes of carbohydrate metabolism, lignin catabolism, and secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport and catabolism. The mostly enriched subcategories in molecular function were oxidoreductase activity, peroxidase activity, and heme binding in GO annotation. One cellulose and hemicellulose degradation pathway and seven pathways related to lignin-derived aromatic compounds degradation or late lignin degradation were found. In conclusion, during the process of L. gibbosa growing on wood, gene expression at the transcriptional level indicated that lignin catabolism and hyphal growth were promoted, but the metabolism of carbon and carbohydrates including cellulose in lignocellulose in overall trend was inhibited to some extent. The results have important reference value for the study of degradation mechanism of wood white rot.