Project description:Cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common and severe side effects and can prevent the use of this important agent. Unfortunately, preventive or therapeutic tools to address cisplatin-induced AKI are lacking. Interestingly, in the last decades a row of preconditioning strategies that employ the activation of cellular stress resistance pathways have been shown to be promising approaches to protect from organ injury in rodent models. Here, we characterized both the protective potential and the underlying molecular patterns of two strategies – caloric restriction and hypoxic preconditioning – in mice treated with cisplatin.
Project description:Though there has been extensive investigation of the kidney's acute cellular and molecular responses following cisplatin treatment, the mechanisms of progression from acute to chronic disease have not been explored. In this study, we use functional and morphological metrics to establish a time point when the transition from acute repairable kidney injury to chronic irreparable disease is clearly established. We then used microarray and western blot analysis to investigate the molecular changes (i.e., gene expression, pathway activity, signaling) associated with the transition from acute to chronic cisplatin-induced kidney disease.
Project description:Transcriptional profiling of mouse kidney tissue comparing control untreated mice with mice treated with cisplatin. The latter makes kidney failure. Goal was to identify the alterations of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA profiles in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in mice.
Project description:Kidney tissues from a cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury mouse model of global Apobec1 knockout mice compared with wild type mice. 6 months old male mice examined. We used microarrays to identify genes that are differentially expressed during acute kidney injury in the absence of apobec1 compared with wild type mice.
Project description:The goal of this observational study is to compare anesthetic modalities (intravenous propofol anesthesia with sevoflurane gas anesthesia) in patients who underwent colorectal cancer resection surgery regarding the outcome of acute kidney injury.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
* is there a difference in acute kidney injury incidence in the two anesthetic modalities?
* is there a difference in plasma creatinine between the two anesthetic modalities?
* are there any patient characteristics or intraoperative factors that effect the incidence of acute kidney injury in either anesthetic modality?
The study will analyze data from the CAN clinical trial database. (Cancer and Anesthesia: Survival After Radical Surgery - a Comparison Between Propofol or Sevoflurane Anesthesia, NCT01975064)
Project description:We use bulk RNA sequencing of sorted cells to characterize the gene expression profiles of renal MHCII+/-D11b+F4/80hi cells 72 hours after cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). F4/80hi cells are activated after cisplatin induced AKI and start to downregulate MHCII on transcriptional level. Downregulation of MHCII is probably caused by a downregulation/inhibition of its most important transcriptional activator Ciita
Project description:Acute kidney injury and nephrotoxicity are important clinical side effects of cisplatin. Thus, the mechanisms of this disease, and potential treatment options are important to understand in their entity. Here, we analyzed the proteome of cisplatin induced acute kidney injury in a mouse model. Functionally we found that calorie restriction was able to completely blunt Cisplatin induced AKI, and hypoxia ameliorated cCisplatin induced AKI. To investigate the mechanism for this in high throughput, we performed label-free single-shot proteomic analyses of these kidneys.Acute kidney injury and nephrotoxicity are important clinical side effects of cisplatin. Thus, the mechanisms of this disease, and potential treatment options are important to understand in their entity. Here, we analyzed the proteome of cisplatin induced acute kidney injury in a mouse model. Functionally we found that calorie restriction was able to completely blunt Cisplatin induced AKI, and hypoxia ameliorated cCisplatin induced AKI. To investigate the mechanism for this in high throughput, we performed label-free single-shot proteomic analyses of these kidneys.
Project description:Background: Cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (CAKI) has been recognized as one of the most serious side effects of cisplatin. Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a ligand-dependent nuclear receptor and serves as a master regulator of xenobiotic detoxification. Increasing evidence also suggests PXR has many nonxenobiotic functions including the regulation of cell proliferation, inflammatory response and glucose and lipid metabolism. Methods: In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of PXR in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. CAKI model was performed in wild-type or PXR knockout mice. Pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile (PCN), a mouse PXR specific agonist, was used for PXR activation. The renal function, biochemical, histopathological and molecular alterations were examined in mouse blood, urine or renal tissues. Whole transcriptome analysis was performed by RNA sequencing. Dual-luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were applied to determine the regulation of PXR on its target genes. Results: We found that PXR activation significantly attenuated CAKI as reflected by improved renal function, reduced renal tubular apoptosis, ameliorated oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, and suppressed inflammatory factor expression. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that the renoprotective effect of PXR was associated with multiple crucial signaling pathways. In particular, PXR protected against cisplatin-induced AKI by the activation of PI3K/AKT pathway and the induction of multidrug and toxin extrusion 1 (MATE1), an important transporter mediating cellular excretion of cisplatin, in the kidney. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that PXR activation can preserve renal function in cisplatin-induced AKI and suggest a possibility of PXR as a novel therapeutic target for cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
Project description:Profiling of proteolytic events mouse kidneys during cisplatin-induced kidney damage. Kidneys from vehicle-treated mice are compared to cisplatin-treated mice and cisplatin treatment in animals preconditioned by hypoxia or calory restriction regimes.