Project description:A natural product algal extract and its major component, cymopol, have demonstrated anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo. RNA transcript levels of Nqo1 and Hmox1 were discovered in multiple organs following oral gavage of 2 doses of the extract and cympopol for 3 consecutive days. The highest change in gene expression was noted in the digestive tract.
Project description:Applicability of in vitro (human Caco-2 cells) and ex vivo intestine models (rat precision cut intestine slices and the pig in-situ small intestinal segment perfusion (SISP) technique) to study the effect of food compounds. In vitro digested yellow (YOd) and white onion extracts (WOd) were used as model food compounds and transcriptomics was applied to obtain more insight into which extent mode of actions depend on the model.
Project description:Rat small intestine precision cut slices were exposed for 6 hours to in vitro digested yellow (YOd) and white onion extracts (WOd) that was followed by transcriptomics analysis. The digestion was performed to mimic the digestion that in vivo takes place in the stomach and small intestine. The transcriptomics response of the rat small intestine precision cut slices was compared to that of human Caco-2 cells and the pig in-situ small intestinal segment perfusion. The microarray data for the human Caco-2 cells (GSE83893) and the pig in-situ small intestinal segment perfusion (GSE83908) have been submitted separately from the current data on rat intestine. The goal was to obtain more insight into to which extent mode of actions depend on the experimental model. A main outcome was that each of the three models pointed to the same mode of action: induction of oxidative stress and particularly the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway.
Project description:Rat small intestine precision cut slices were exposed for 6 hours to in vitro digested yellow (YOd) or white onion extracts (WOd) that was followed by transcriptomics analysis. The digestion was performed to mimic the digestion that in vivo takes place in the saliva, stomach and small intestine. A main question was to which extent the outcome of the biological interpretation of the transcription analysis (pathway analysis) depend on the model used. One outcome was that mainly processes related to oxidative stress, and especially the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway, were affected by onions in all three models.
Project description:We generated knock-in mice expressing GFP under the control of the endogenous GIP (Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide) promoter that enable the isolation of a purified population of small intestine K cells. Using RNA-Seq, we comprehensively characterized the transcriptomes of GIP-GFP cells as well as the entire enteroendocrine lineage derived from Neurogenin3 (Ngn3)-expressing progenitors. We interrogated the whole transcriptome of FACS-isolated small intestine GIPGFP cells using high-throughput mRNA sequencing. We also obtained the global gene expression patterns of the entire enteroendocrine cell lineage as well as the non-enteroendocrine cell population, comprising enterocytes, goblet cells and Paneth cells. To achieve this, small intestine epithelial cells from male mice resulting from the breeding of Neurogenin3 (Ngn3)-Cre mice with ROSA26-LoxP-STOP-LoxP-tomato indicator mice were isolated based on Tomato fluorescence and negative staining for CD45. Due to the small cell numbers, we constructed each of the three RNA-Seq libraries (GIPGFP, Ngn3TOMATO, and Ngn3-) using a pool of equal amounts of individual RNA samples without RNA amplification.
Project description:Background: The muscularis externa (ME) of the adult intestine consists of two layers of visceral smooth muscle (VISM), the inner circular muscle (ICM) and outer longitudinal muscle (OLM), that form sequentially beginning at embryonic day (E) 13 and E15 in the developing mouse. Coordinated contraction of these two layers facilitates the movement of food down the digestive tract. Though abnormal ME function or development has been linked to pseudoobstruction and irritable bowel syndrome, little is known about the molecular character of the smooth muscle that comprises this tissue. We performed transcriptome analysis to identify genes that are enriched in intestinal mesenchyme tissue at E14.5, when the inner circular muscle (ICM) is well established. Results: Expression patterns of enriched mesenchyme genes were examined in publically available in situ databases, revealing over one hundred genes that are expressed in the ICM. Examination of the promoter regions for these genes revealed enrichment for cJUN transcription factor binding sites and cJUN itself was also enriched in ICM. A cJUN ChIP-seq at E14.5 showed that cJUN regulatory regions contained characteristics of muscle enhancers. E14.5 mouse intestines were harvested and grown for 24 hours in a transwell culture with or without Cyclopamine treatment. Separated epithelial and mesenchyme tissue populations or whole intestines were submitted for sequencing. Three replicates for each condition were collected.