Project description:Assaying binding of REST to DNA with ChIP-seq reveals the role of REST in transcriptional regulation in colorectal cancer (CRC) metastatic stem cells (MetSCs). REST is especially relevant to regulation of L1CAM expression.
Project description:Human pluripotent stem cell derived muscle models show great potential for translational research. Here, we describe novel developmentally inspired methods for the derivation of skeletal muscle cells and their utility in three-dimensional skeletal muscle organoid formation as well as skeletal muscle tissue engineering. Three-dimensional organoid and tissue engineered models exhibit organotypic maturation and function and regenerative responses, recapitulating canonical properties of bona fide skeletal muscle in vivo. Key steps include the directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells to embryonic muscle progenitors of hypaxial origin followed by primary and secondary fetal myogenesis with development of a satellite cell pool and evidence for innervation in vitro. Regenerative competency was demonstrated in a cardiotoxin injury model with evidence for satellite cell activation as underlying mechanism.
Project description:Maresin-1 (MaR1) and Resolvin E1 (RvE1) are specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) that regulate inflammatory processes. We have previously demonstrated the hard and soft tissue regenerative capacity of RvE1 in an in vivo model of periodontal disease characterized by inflammatory tissue destruction. Regeneration of periodontal tissues requires a well-orchestrated processes mediated by periodontal ligament stem-cells. However, limited data are available on how SPMs can regulate the regenerative properties of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) under inflammatory conditions. Thus, we measured the impact of MaR1 and RvE1 in an in vitro model of hPDLSCs after stimulation with IL-1β and TNF-α by evaluating pluripotency, migration, proliferation, cell death, periodontal ligament markers (α-smooth muscle actin, tenomodulin, and periostin), cementum-osteogenic differentiation and phosphoproteomic perturbations. The data showed that the inflammatory milieu suppresses pluripotency, proliferation and migration of hPDLSCs; MaR1 and RvE1 both restored regenerative capacity by increasing hPDLSC proliferation, accelerating wound healing/migration, and upregulating periodontal ligament markers and cementum-osteogenic differentiation. Protein phosphorylation perturbations were associated with the SPM-induced regenerative capacity of hPDLSCs. Together, these results demonstrate that MaR1 and RvE1 restore or improve the regenerative properties of highly specialized stem cells when inflammation is present and offer opportunities for direct pharmacologic treatment of lost tissue integrity.
Project description:Characterization and therapeautic application of mesenchymal stem cells with neuromesodermal origin from human pluripotent stem cells
Project description:We identified that synergistic and inducible expression of Runx1 and Hoxa9 in pluripotent stem cells gave rise to engraftable iHPC capable of developing into mature ILCs in the Rag2-/-Il2rg-/- recipients. The regenerative ILCs were detected in multiple tissues including intestine, lung, liver, spleen and thymus. We performed single cell RNA-seq on the sorted GFP+CD45.2+Lin- cells from the bone marrow of recipients at day 7.5 after iHPC transplantation. Single-cell transcriptome illustrated the existence of regenerative ILC-related progenitors including iLP, iILCP, iILC1/3P and iILC2P, and the cellular trajectory of regenerative ILCs development in vivo was closely resembles the natural ILCs development.
Project description:The gene expression of two different tumorigenic human breast epithelial cell types (HMLER and BPLER) is compared with their immortalized parental cell-of-origin (HME and BPE). Keywords: breast cancer, cell-of-origin, HMEC, BPEC,metastasis, tumor stem cells, tumor initiating cells, breast adenocarcinoma