Project description:Application of the 'Boerner' (Vitis riparia X Vitis cinerea) genome assembly for targeted mapping of the downy mildew resistance Rpv14 in Vitis.
Project description:Mature grapevine berries at the harvesting stage (MB) are very susceptible to the gray mold fungus Botrytis cinerea while veraison berries (VB) are not. We conducted simultaneous microscopic and transcriptomic analyses of the pathogen and the host to investigate the infectious process developed by B. cinerea on MB versus VB, and the plant defense mechanisms deployed to stop the fungus development. On the pathogen side, our genome-wide transcriptomic data revealed that B. cinerea genes up-regulated during infection of MB are enriched in functional categories related to necrotrophy such as degradation of plant cell wall, proteolysis, membrane transport, reactive oxygen species generation and detoxification. Quantitative-PCR on a set of representative genes related to virulence and microscopic observations further demonstrated that the infection is also initiated on VB but stops at the penetration stage. On the plant side, genome-wide transcriptomic analysis and metabolic data revealed a defense pathways switch during berry ripening. In response to B. cinerea infection, VB activated a burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the salicylate (SA)-dependent defense pathway, the synthesis of the resveratrol phytoalexin and cell-wall strengthening. In opposite, infected MB activated the jasmonate (JA)-dependent pathway which does not stop the fungal necrotrophic process. Grapevine berries at veraison (VB) and harvesting stages (MB) were inoculated with Botrytis cinerea B05-10 and samples were taken at 24h and 48h post-inoculation. An additional uninfected control sample taken at 0h post-inoculation was included in the experimental design. 3 replicates per sample were performed. The total-RNA samples were labeled and used for hybridization on NimbleGen 12plex Vitis vinifera gene expression array.
Project description:White grape (Vitis vinifera cv. Furmint) berry samples subjected to natural noble rot were collected in a vineyard in Mád, Hungary (Tokaj wine region). Raw data include grapevine and Botrytis cinerea sequence reads.
Project description:Full transcriptomes of the Botrytis cinerea wild-type strain B0510 inoculated on mature grapevine berries (Marselan cultivar) at 16h, 24h, 48h, and in vitro were compared to identify B. cinerea genes diffentially expressed during the infection stages.
Project description:Full transcriptomes of the Botrytis cinerea wild-type strain B0510 inoculated on mature grapevine berries (Marselan cultivar) at 16h, 24h, 48h, and in vitro were compared to identify B. cinerea genes diffentially expressed during the infection stages. Grapevine berries were inoculated with Botrytis cinerea conidia and samples were taken at 16h, 24h and 48 hours post-inoculation. An additional control sample corresponding to mycelium growing on static liquid minimal medium was included in the experimental design in order to identify genes that would be differentially expressed between in vitro and in planta growth conditions. 3-4 replicates were performed. The 13 total-RNA samples were used for hybridization on NimbleGen 4plex gene expression arrays (20,885 gene models from Botrytis cinerea with three 60-mer probes per gene).
Project description:Vitis vinifera berries are sensitive towards infection by the necrothopic pathogen Botrytis cinerea leading to important economic losses worldwide. The combined analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome associated with the infection has not been previously performed in grapes or in another fleshy fruit. In an attempt to identify the molecular and metabolic mechanisms associated with the infection, pepper- corn size fruits (EL 29) were infected in-field and green berries (EL 33) and veraison berries (EL 35) were collected for microarray analysis complemented with metabolic profiling using GC-EI-TOF/MS and headspace GC-EI-MS platforms. The results provide evidence of a reprogramming of carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms towards increased synthesis of secondary metabolites involved in plant defense such as trans-resveratrol and gallic acid. The response is mainly activated in green berries with the putative involvement of jasmonic acid, ethylene, polyamines and auxins whereas salicylic acid does not seem to be involved. At veraison, however, genes encoding protein kinases, MYB and WRKY transcription factors, pathogenesis-related proteins, glutathione S-transferase, stilbene synthase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase are no longer up-regulated or even down-regulated suggesting that the basal defense response is not active with the onset of ripening. This non-sustained defense response has not been previously reported for necrotrophic, biotrophic, or hemibiotrophic pathogens, and highlights the importance of conducting studies in fruits and not solely in vegetative tissues. Furthermore, this study provided with metabolic biomarkers of infection namely azelaic acid, arabitol and gluconic acid that can be used to monitor infection early in the vineyard. 2 time points in 2011 season at EL 33 and EL 35. 3 biological replicates. Grapes Infected with Botrytis cinerea and control with phosphate buffer
