Project description:Acetic acid bacteria are obligately aerobic alphaproteobacteria that have a unique ability to incompletely oxidize various alcohols and sugars to organic acids. The ability of these bacteria to incompletely oxidize ethanol to acetate has been historically utilized for vinegar production. The mechanism of switching between incomplete oxidation and assimilatory oxidation and the control of energy and carbon metabolism in acetic acid bacteria are not fully understood. To understand the physiology and molecular biology of acetic acid bacteria better, we determined the draft genome sequence of Acetobacter aceti NBRC 14818, which is the type strain of the genus. Based on this draft genome sequence, the transcriptome profiles in A. aceti cells grown on ethanol, acetate, glucose, or mix of ethanol and glucose was determined by using NimbleGen Prokaryotic Expression array (4x72K).
Project description:Acetic acid bacteria are obligately aerobic alphaproteobacteria that have a unique ability to incompletely oxidize various alcohols and sugars to organic acids. The ability of these bacteria to incompletely oxidize ethanol to acetate has been historically utilized for vinegar production. The mechanism of switching between incomplete oxidation and assimilatory oxidation and the control of energy and carbon metabolism in acetic acid bacteria are not fully understood. To understand the physiology and molecular biology of acetic acid bacteria better, we determined the draft genome sequence of Acetobacter aceti NBRC 14818, which is the type strain of the genus. Based on this draft genome sequence, the transcriptome profiles in A. aceti cells grown on ethanol, acetate, glucose, or mix of ethanol and glucose was determined by using NimbleGen Prokaryotic Expression array (4x72K). Acetobacter aceti NBRC14818 was cultivated in the medium containing ethanol, acetate, glucose, or mix of ethanol and glucose as carbon sources in Erlenmeyer flask with rotary shaking. Total RNA was extracted when optical density at 600 nm was 0.3-0.4. The experiment was performed in duplicate independent cultures.
Project description:A C57BL6/J (B6) x CAST/Ei (CAST) strain intercross was used to identify the first mammalian QTL for macronutrient-specific intake (carbohydrate and fat) and for total energy intake. A region on proximal Chromosome 17 revealed two significant QTL that co-localized for increased macronutrient intake-carbohydrate (Mnic1) and total kilocalorie intake (Kcal2), adjusted for body weight. An interval-specific congenic strain, B6.CAST-17, was then developed which verified the QTL. A new sub-congenic strain was developed which retained the linked traits. Important new findings emerged shows that this congenic interval confers an activity phenotype, i.e., mice carrying the differential segment have 20% higher spontaneous physical activity levels compared with the host B6 strain. We hypothesize that this Chromosome 17 QTL is either encoded by a single gene locus that determines both food intake and physical activity, or by two or more genes, each determining a sub-phenotype of energy balance. Microarray analysis of skeletal muscle and hypothalamus in congenic and wild type B6 mice was carried out to identify potential candidate genes for the activity and food intake behavior. Keywords: macronutrient-specific intake, sub-congenic strain