Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) promote macrophage inflammation and impair atherosclerosis resolution in mice with diabetes
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PROVIDER: PRJNA606287 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) promote inflammation and atherosclerosis progression. In diabetes they are increased and impair wound healing, during which inflammation normally resolves. Atherosclerosis regression, a process resembling wound healing, is also impaired in diabetes. Thus, we hypothesized that NETs impede atherosclerosis regression in diabetes through unresolved inflammation. Objective: To investigate in diabetes the effect of NETs on plaque macrophage inflammation and whether NETs reduction improves atherosclerosis regression. Findings: Transcriptomic profiling of plaque macrophages from NET positive and negative areas in Ldlr-/- mice revealed inflammasome and glycolysis pathway upregulation, indicating a pro-inflammatory phenotype. During atherosclerosis regression in non-diabetic mice, plaque NET content decreased. In contrast, in diabetic mouse plaques NETs were enriched and persisted after lipid-lowering. DNase1 treatment (to degrade NETs) of diabetic mice reduced plaque NETs and macrophage inflammation and improved atherosclerosis regression after lipid-lowering. Conclusions: NETs decline during atherosclerosis regression in non-diabetic mice, but persist in diabetes and impair regression by exacerbating macrophage inflammation. DNase1 reduced diabetic plaque NETs and macrophage inflammation, and restored atherosclerosis resolution after lipid-lowering, despite ongoing hyperglycemia. Given that humans with diabetes also exhibit impaired atherosclerosis resolution with lipid-lowering, these data suggest that NETs contribute to the increased CVD risk in this population.
2020-05-12 | GSE145200 | GEO
Project description:Neutrophils are necessary in mamalian’s life and are the most abundant type of white blood cells in humans with biological roles relevant to inflammation and the entire host response. The release of neutrophil extracellular DNA in innate immune cells provides specific response to bacteria and fungi. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) act as antimicrobial agents and activators of immune response through release of the nuclear content into the extracellular space. Although great strides have been made in dissecting cellular and molecular pathways that control NET formation, the exact molecular composition of released NETs has not been elucidated. Here, we open the field of NETOMIC studies through isolation of NETs in combination with shotgun genomics and proteomics. This study reveals the molecular composition of NETs and specific expression regions of NETs induced in a sterile inflammation system. The existence of an in vitro NET isolation model allowed for an unprecedented amount of replicability. Additional studies are needed to verify the specificity of these sequences in the context of human health and disease upon diverse neutrophil microbial challenges.
2022-10-25 | PXD016143 | Pride
Project description:This study invesigates the effects of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) on articular cartilage degredation and resulting autoimmune responses in rheumatoid arthritis.
2020-08-10 | GSE150466 | GEO
Project description:Neutrophil recruitment and activation are hallmarks of the prevalent inflammatory disease, periodontitis. However, the mechanisms by which neutrophils contribute to in inflammatory bone destruction remain unclear. Herein, we document that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have a direct role in mediating inflammatory pathology. In an established animal model of periodontitis, we demonstrate that genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of NETs formation, or removal of NETs by DNase-Ⅰ, alleviates inflammatory bone loss in vivo. Investigating the mechanisms by which NETs drive periodontal inflammation, we find that extracellular histones have a direct role in disease progression. Consistent with findings in animal models, histones bearing classic NET-associated post-translational modifications are correlated with disease severity and are significantly elevated in local lesions and systemic circulation of patients with periodontitis. Our work reveals NETs-associated components as pathogenic mediators, potential biomarkers, and therapeutic targets for periodontitis.
2023-05-23 | GSE228021 | GEO
Project description:Introduction: Autoreactivity to histones is a pervasive feature of several human autoimmune disorders including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Specific post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histones within neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) may potentially drive the process by which tolerance to these chromatin-associated proteins is broken. We hypothesized that NETs and their unique histone PTMs might be capable of inducing autoantibodies that target histones. Methods: We developed a novel and efficient method for the in vitro production, visualization, and broad profiling of histone-PTMs of human and murine NETs. We also immunized Balb/c mice with murine NETs and profiled their sera on autoantigen and histone peptide microarrays for evidence of autoantibody production to their immunogen. Results: We confirmed specificity toward acetyl-modified histone H2B as well as to other histone PTMs in sera from patients with SLE known to have autoreactivity against histones. We observed enrichment for distinctive histone marks of transcriptionally silent DNA during NETosis triggered by diverse stimuli. However, NETs derived from human and murine sources did not harbor many of the PTMs toward which autoreactivity was observed in patients with SLE or in MRL/lpr mice. Further, while murine NETs were weak autoantigens in vivo, there was only partial overlap in the IgG and IgM autoantibody profiles induced by vaccination of mice with NETs and those seen in patients with SLE. Conclusions: Isolated in vivo exposure to NETs is insufficient to break tolerance and may involve additional factors that have yet to be identified. Serum samples from 20 systemic lupus erythematosis patients were run on the Human Epigenome Microarray Platform V1.0 (HEMP; a single-color platform), in order to profile their autoantibodies against a library of post-translationally modified histone peptides. These 20 samples were randomly selected from a larger cohort previously profiled (data not shown) on the Utz Lab Whole Protein Autoantigen Array V2.0 (a single-color platform), where 14 were histone-reactive and 6 were histone-nonreactive. Control sera from 9 healthy adults and a positive control comprising a mixture of autoimmune sera with defined reactivities, were also run on HEMP V1.0. Together, these samples comprise the data appearing in Figures 1 and S1 (IgG and IgM isotype reactivity profiles, respectively), identifying IgG reactivity to 9 peptides that significantly distinguish histone-reactive from -nonreactive sera among 96 peptides profiled. For data appearing in Figure 5, serum samples from a total of 6 Balb/c mice, consisting of two treatment groups, NETs (Neutrophil Extracellular Traps) and NETs + CRAMP (cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide) were collected monthly over a 3-month period, along with a zero time point. These samples were compared with a positive control consisting of serum collected from a MLR/lpr mice exhibiting lupus-like symptoms, and a negative control with no serum. The 0, 1 and 2 month time points were profiled on the Utz Lab Whole Protein Autoantigen Array V2.0 and are shown in Figure 5A-B, while the 1 and 3 month time points were profiled on HEMP V1.0 arrays and shown in Figure 5E. All samples were run once with no replicates.
2012-01-26 | E-GEOD-32542 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Introduction: Autoreactivity to histones is a pervasive feature of several human autoimmune disorders including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Specific post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histones within neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) may potentially drive the process by which tolerance to these chromatin-associated proteins is broken. We hypothesized that NETs and their unique histone PTMs might be capable of inducing autoantibodies that target histones. Methods: We developed a novel and efficient method for the in vitro production, visualization, and broad profiling of histone-PTMs of human and murine NETs. We also immunized Balb/c mice with murine NETs and profiled their sera on autoantigen and histone peptide microarrays for evidence of autoantibody production to their immunogen. Results: We confirmed specificity toward acetyl-modified histone H2B as well as to other histone PTMs in sera from patients with SLE known to have autoreactivity against histones. We observed enrichment for distinctive histone marks of transcriptionally silent DNA during NETosis triggered by diverse stimuli. However, NETs derived from human and murine sources did not harbor many of the PTMs toward which autoreactivity was observed in patients with SLE or in MRL/lpr mice. Further, while murine NETs were weak autoantigens in vivo, there was only partial overlap in the IgG and IgM autoantibody profiles induced by vaccination of mice with NETs and those seen in patients with SLE. Conclusions: Isolated in vivo exposure to NETs is insufficient to break tolerance and may involve additional factors that have yet to be identified. Serum samples from 20 systemic lupus erythematosis patients were run on the Human Epigenome Microarray Platform V1.0 (HEMP; a single-color platform), in order to profile their autoantibodies against a library of post-translationally modified histone peptides. These 20 samples were randomly selected from a larger cohort previously profiled (data not shown) on the Utz Lab Whole Protein Autoantigen Array V2.0 (a single-color platform), where 14 were histone-reactive and 6 were histone-nonreactive. Control sera from 9 healthy adults and a positive control comprising a mixture of autoimmune sera with defined reactivities, were also run on HEMP V1.0. Together, these samples comprise the data appearing in Figures 1 and S1 (IgG and IgM isotype reactivity profiles, respectively), identifying IgG reactivity to 9 peptides that significantly distinguish histone-reactive from -nonreactive sera among 96 peptides profiled. For data appearing in Figure 5, serum samples from a total of 6 Balb/c mice, consisting of two treatment groups, NETs (Neutrophil Extracellular Traps) and NETs + CRAMP (cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide) were collected monthly over a 3-month period, along with a zero time point. These samples were compared with a positive control consisting of serum collected from a MLR/lpr mice exhibiting lupus-like symptoms, and a negative control with no serum. The 0, 1 and 2 month time points were profiled on the Utz Lab Whole Protein Autoantigen Array V2.0 and are shown in Figure 5A-B, while the 1 and 3 month time points were profiled on HEMP V1.0 arrays and shown in Figure 5E. All samples were run once with no replicates.
2012-01-26 | E-GEOD-32543 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cerebral Cavernous Malformation (CCM) is a brain vascular disease with various neurological symptoms. In this study, we describe the inflammatory profile in CCM and show for the first time the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in rodents and humans with CCM. Through RNA-seq analysis of cerebellum endothelial cells from wild-type mice and mice with anendothelial cell-specific ablation of the Ccm3 gene (Ccm3iECKO), we show that endothelial cells from Ccm3iECKO mice have anincreased expression of inflammation-related genes.
2023-10-31 | GSE246373 | GEO
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE32542: Murine serum reactivity to common autoantigens in response to immunization with neutrophil extracellular traps GSE32543: Human and murine serum reactivity to specific histone posttranslational modifications in neutrophil extracellular traps Refer to individual Series
2012-01-26 | E-GEOD-32544 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) are structures consisting of chromatin and antimicrobial molecules that are released by neutrophils during a form of regulated cell death called NETosis. NETs trap invading pathogens, promote coagulation and activate myeloid cells to produce Type I interferons (type I IFN), proinflammatory cytokines that regulate the immune system. The mechanism of NET recognition by myeloid cells is not yet clearly identified. Here we show that macrophages and other myeloid cells phagocytose NETs. Once in phagosomes, NETs translocate to the cytosol, where they activate the DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and induce type I IFN expression. cGAS recognizes the DNA backbone of NETs. Interestingly, the NET associated serine protease Neutrophil Elastase (NE) mediates the activation of the pathway. We confirmed that NETs activate cGAS in vivo. Thus, our findings identify cGAS as a major sensor of NETs, mediating the immune activation during infection and in auto-immune diseases.
2021-02-18 | PXD015579 | Pride
Project description:Abstract. Objectives: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are extracellular lattices composed of nucleic material bound to neutrophil granule proteins. NETs may play pathogenic roles in development and severity of autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), at least in part, through induction of type I interferon (IFN) responses via externalization of oxidized immunostimulatory DNA. A distinct subset of SLE proinflammatory neutrophils (low density granulocytes; LDGs) displays enhanced ability to form proinflammatory NETs that damage the vasculature. We assessed whether NET-bound RNA can contribute to inflammatory responses in endothelial cells and the pathways that mediate this effect. Methods: Expression of newly-synthesized RNA was quantified if healthy control and lupus NETs. The ability of endothelial cells to take up NET-bound RNA and downstream induction of type I IFN responses was quantified. RNAs present in NETs were sequenced and specific small RNAs were tested for induction of endothelial type I IFN pathways. Results: NETs extruded newly-synthesized RNA that was internalized by endothelial cells and this was enhanced when NET nucleic acids were oxidized, particularly in lupus LDG NETs. Internalization of NET-bound total RNA by endothelial cells was dependent on endosomal TLRs and the actin cytoskeleton and induced type I IFN stimulated genes (ISGs). This ISG induction was dependent on NET-associated miR-let7b, a small RNA expressed at higher levels in LDG NETs, which acted as a TLR7 agonist. Conclusion: These results highlight underappreciated roles for small RNAs externalized in NETs in the induction of proinflammatory responses in vascular cells, with implications to lupus vasculopathy.
2023-07-31 | GSE160143 | GEO