Project description:This study deals with the skin aging exposome focusing on the effect of cigarette smoke, one of the main harmful components. To that purpose, human skin living explants, an ex vivo model, were exposed to cigarette smoke of two cigarettes for 2hours using a patented lab-made exposure chamber, the Pollubox®. The effect on the surface physico-chemistry and molecular properties of the skin were thus deepened and for the first time reported. Basic Procedures: To evidence this effect, gene expression profile, MDA dosage and surface physiochemistry data (Surface free energy determination, Trans-Epidermal Water loss, skin pH and FTIR spectroscopy of the surface of the explants) were collected on non-treated and treated human skin explants Main Findings: Results exhibit a decrease of the total surface free energy of the treated skin explants. This decrease reflects higher interactions with polar compounds from the environment and as a consequence a decrease of the hydrophobia of the surface. Additionally, an increase of the trans epidermal water loss and skin pH was measured after treatment. The molecular analysis shows downregulation of specific genes combined with the increase of MDA in the cigarette smoke-treated skin explants. Principal Conclusions: Cigarette smoke induced an oxidation of the lipids at the surface of the skin explants. This implies an alteration of the skin barrier function: interactions with polar products are enhanced and lipid chain packing at the surface is modified. As a consequence, skin permeation could increase. While as expectedly genes involved in the AHR pathway were induced in CS-exposed human skin explants, our molecular analysis suggested that mitochondrial functions were strongly impacted and oxidized lipids failed to be eliminated promoting skin barrier alteration.
Project description:In this study, we conducted an integrated analysis of skin measurements, clinical BSTI surveys, and the skin microbiome of 950 Korean subjects to examine the ideal skin microbiome-biophysical association. By utilizing four skin biophysical parameters, we identified four distinct Korean Skin Cutotypes (KSCs) and categorized the subjects into three aging groups based on their age distribution. We established strong connections between 15 core genera and the four KSC types within the three aging groups, revealing three prominent clusters of the facial skin microbiome. Together with skin microbiome variations, skin tone/elasticity distinguishes aging groups while oiliness/hydration distinguishes individual differences within aging groups. Our study provides prospective reality data for customized skin care based on the microbiome environment of each skin type.
Project description:<p>The NIH Intramural Skin Microbiome Consortium (NISMC) is a collaboration of investigators with primary expertise in genomics, bioinformatics, large-scale DNA sequencing, dermatology, immunology, allergy, infectious disease, and clinical microbiology. Atopic dermatitis (AD, "eczema") is a chronic relapsing skin disorder that affects ~15% of U.S. children and is associated with $1 billion of medical costs annually. AD is characterized by dry, itchy skin, infiltrated with immune cells. Colonization by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is ten-fold more common in AD patients and is associated with disease flares. We hypothesize that, in addition to S. aureus, AD may also be associated with additional novel microbes and/or selective shifts of commensal microbes that are relevant to disease progression. The NISMC seeks to define the microbiota that resides in and on the skin and nares of three patient groups, all of whom have eczematous lesions and are currently seen at the NIH Clinical Center: (1) AD patients; (2) Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) patients; and (3) Hyper IgE syndrome (HIES) patients. Examination of the microbiome of patients with WAS or HIES syndromes, both rare immunodeficiencies, will advance our understanding of how an individual's immune system shapes their cutaneous microbial community. We are performing a prospective longitudinal study that follows these groups of patient thorough the cycles of eczema flares, ascertaining clinical data and samples at each stage.</p>
Project description:The skin Microbiome stratifies Patients with CTCL into two subgroups. One subgroup has a balanced microbiome, while the other subgroups has a skin dybiosis with S. aureus outgrow. This is accompanied by impaired TCR repertoir and poor clinical outcome.