Project description:NK cells are an emerging cancer cellular therapy and potent mediators of anti-tumor immunity. Cytokine-induced memory-like (ML) NK cellular therapy is safe and induces remissions in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. However, the dynamic molecular changes that occur after memory-like differentiation in vitro are unclear. Here, control or ML NK cells purified from normal donor PBMC were generated in vitro. Briefly, RosetteSep-purified NK cells were incubated in IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18, or low-dose IL-15 as a control for 16-18 hours. Control or cytokine-activated NK cells were washed three times and cultured for 6 days in low-dose IL-15, which is required for NK cell survival. After 6 days, RNA was isolated from control and memory-like (ML) NK cells (IL12/15/18 activation) and RNA-sequencing performed. Because the transcription factor GATA-3 was increased specifically in ML NK cells, we hypothesized ML NK cells would exhibit a GATA-3 gene signature compared to control NK cells. Indeed, using GSEA, a significant gene signature was associated with ML NK cell differentiation. These data support the role for GATA-3 in regulating the ML NK cell molecular program.
Project description:Gene expression analysis of human NK cells at baseline, Day 1, and Day 6 after activation with IL-15, IL-12/15/18, or the 18/12/TxM molecule
Project description:RNA squencing of human NK cells activated with IL-15, a combination of IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18, or with a trimeric fusion protein 18/12/TxM
Project description:Cancer-induced tolerance mostly involves myeloid suppressor cells, regulatory T cells and immunosuppressive cytokines, which all subvert adaptive immune responses against tumor cells. Here, we show that a subset of innate effectors, c-kit expressing NK cells (Kit+ NK), can participate in tumor-induced tolerance by compromising the NK cell arm of tumor immunosurveillance. IL-18 produced by tumor cells can convert Kit- into Kit+ NK cells that overexpress B7-H1/PD-L1 molecules. Upon tumor inoculation, Kit+ NK cells rapidly develop in lymphoid organs in a IL-18R/MyD88 dependent manner and directly kill Kit- NK cells in a B7-H1/PD-1-dependent manner, thereby promoting the progression of NK-controlled cancers. Our data suggest that, in a tumoral context, IL-18 subverts antitumor NK cell functions. Systemic neutralization of IL-18 by IL-18-binding protein may improve the NK-mediated immunosurveillance. Keywords: cell type comparison
Project description:Dataset of IL-12+IL-18 trated and Yersinia enterocolitica infected C57BL/6 NK cells Experiment Overall Design: NK cells were isolated from mouse spleen, grown on IL-2 in vitro, stimlated wih Y. enterocolitica WA(pYV) or left uninfected. Experiment Overall Design: 3 conditions, 3 biological replicates each
Project description:NK cells are innate immune cells that recognize and kill foreign, virally-infected and tumor cells without the need for prior immunization. NK expansion following viral infection is IL-2 or IL-15-dependent. To identify Runx3 responsive genes, NK cells were isolated from spleen of WT and Runx3-/- mice . Ten samples (5 WT and 5 Runx3-/-) of freshly isolated NK cells were separately obtained from individual mice. Cells were cultured for 7 days with IL-2 or IL-15.
Project description:We analyzed gene expression profiles of IL-18 generated murine NK cells in comparison to unstimulated, freshly isolated splenic NK cells. We identified a set of 1414 Affymetrix probe sets showing significant misregulation (Welch's T-test, p<0.05; Benjamini-Hochberg FDR corrected). IL-18 generated as well as unstimulated NK cells were isolated in three independent preparations and used for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays.
Project description:We stimulated freshly enriched splenic NK cells with either IL-12+IL-18 (1ng/ml each) or plate-bound anti-NK1.1. NKs from several C57Bl/6 mice were pooled. We then performed gene expression profiling analysis using data obtained from RNA-seq at two time points: 3 or 6 hours.
Project description:NK cells are innate immune cells that recognize and kill foreign, virally-infected and tumor cells without the need for prior immunization. NK expansion following viral infection is IL-2 or IL-15-dependent.
Project description:Background: PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade has provided significant clinical efficacy across various types of cancer by unleashing both T- and NK cell-mediated anti-tumor responses. However, resistance to immunotherapy occurs for many patients, rendering the identification of the mechanisms that control PD-1 expression extremely important to increase the response to the therapy Objective: To identify the stimuli and the molecular mechanisms that induce the de novo PD-1 expression on human NK cells in the tumor setting Methods: NK cells freshly isolated from peripheral blood of healthy donors were stimulated with different combinations of molecules, and PD-1 expression was studied at the mRNA and protein level. Moreover, ex vivo analysis of tumor microenvironment and NK cell phenotype was performed. Results: Glucocorticoids (GCs) are indispensable for PD-1 induction on human NK cells, in cooperation with a combination of cytokines that are abundant at the tumor site. Mechanistically, GCs together with IL-12, IL-15 and IL-18 not only upregulate PDCD1 transcription, but also activate a previously unrecognized transcriptional program leading to enhanced mRNA translation and resulting in an increased PD-1 protein amount in NK cells. Conclusion: Our results provide evidence of a novel immune suppressive mechanism of GCs involving the transcriptional and translational control of an important immune checkpoint