Project description:Here we use bisulfite conversion of RNA combined with high-throughput IIlumina sequencing (RBS-seq) to identify single-nucleotide resolution of m5C sites in transfer RNAs of all three sub-cellular transcriptomes across six diverse species that include, the single-celled algae Nannochloropsis oculata, the macro algae Caulerpa taxifolia and multi-cellular higher plants Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica rapa, Triticum durum and Ginkgo biloba.
Project description:Captive rearing programs (hatcheries) are often used in conservation and management efforts for at-risk salmonid fish populations. However, hatcheries typically rear juveniles in environments that contrast starkly with natural conditions, which may lead to phenotypic and/or genetic changes that adversely affect the performance of juveniles upon their release to the wild. Environmental enrichment has been proposed as a mechanism to improve the efficacy of population restoration efforts from captive-rearing programs: in this study, we examine the influence of environmental enrichment during embryo and yolk-sac larval rearing at the level of the transcriptome in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Full siblings were reared in either a “simple” environment devoid of structure or a “complex” environment enriched with gravel substrate. At the end of endogenous feeding by juveniles, we examined patterns of gene transcription in head tissues using the cGRASP-designed Agilent 4×44K microarray. Significance analysis of microarrays (SAM) indicated that 808 genes were differentially transcribed between rearing environments and a total of 184 gene ontological (GO) terms were over- or under-represented, several of which are associated with mitosis/cell cycle and muscle and heart development. However, there were also pronounced differences among families in gene transcriptional response to rearing environment, with the number of genes significantly differentially transcribed by juveniles in our independent analyses of each family ranging from zero to 3445 (FDR of 5%). Overall, our results suggest that rearing environment enrichment can profoundly change patterns of gene transcription during salmon development, but that the degree of response depends on genetic background.
Project description:Extracts from Dunaliella primolecta, Nannochloropsis oculata, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, and Porphyridium cruentum grown under 405 nm and white light in MiicroPharos photobioreactors
Project description:Captive rearing programs (hatcheries) are often used in conservation and management efforts for at-risk salmonid fish populations. However, hatcheries typically rear juveniles in environments that contrast starkly with natural conditions, which may lead to phenotypic and/or genetic changes that adversely affect the performance of juveniles upon their release to the wild. Environmental enrichment has been proposed as a mechanism to improve the efficacy of population restoration efforts from captive-rearing programs: in this study, we examine the influence of environmental enrichment during embryo and yolk-sac larval rearing at the level of the transcriptome in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Full siblings were reared in either a M-bM-^@M-^\simpleM-bM-^@M-^] environment devoid of structure or a M-bM-^@M-^\complexM-bM-^@M-^] environment enriched with gravel substrate. At the end of endogenous feeding by juveniles, we examined patterns of gene transcription in head tissues using the cGRASP-designed Agilent 4M-CM-^W44K microarray. Significance analysis of microarrays (SAM) indicated that 808 genes were differentially transcribed between rearing environments and a total of 184 gene ontological (GO) terms were over- or under-represented, several of which are associated with mitosis/cell cycle and muscle and heart development. However, there were also pronounced differences among families in gene transcriptional response to rearing environment, with the number of genes significantly differentially transcribed by juveniles in our independent analyses of each family ranging from zero to 3445 (FDR of 5%). Overall, our results suggest that rearing environment enrichment can profoundly change patterns of gene transcription during salmon development, but that the degree of response depends on genetic background. This was a two-condition experiment in which a total of 30 RNA samples isolated from the heads of developing salmon were analysed: 15 juveniles reared in a traditional hatchery environment and 15 reared in a hatchery environment enriched with gravel substrate.
Project description:Here we use bisulfite conversion of RNA combined with high-throughput IIlumina sequencing (RBS-seq) to identify single-nucleotide resolution of m5C sites in non-coding ribosomal RNAs of all three sub-cellular transcriptomes across six diverse species that included, the single-celled algae Nannochloropsis oculata, the macro algae Caulerpa taxifolia and multi-cellular higher plants Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica rapa, Triticum durum and Ginkgo biloba. RNA-seq was performed on total RNA for all species except for Arabidopsis in order to generate rRNA reference sequences using the Arabidopsis rRNA sequences (TAIR10) as a guide.
Project description:Transcriptional profiling of pig skeletal muscle in 2 breeds [(Large white , LW, conventional) and (Basque, B, local, indigeneous)] and 3 rearing systems [(Conventional, C), (Alternative, A) and (Extensive, E)].
Project description:There is an emerging concern that particulate air pollution increases the risk of cranial nerve disease onset. Small nanoparticles, mainly derived from diesel exhaust particles reach the olfactory bulb by their nasal depositions. It has been reported that diesel exhaust inhalation causes inflammation of the olfactory bulb and other brain regions. However, these toxicological studies have not evaluated animal rearing environment. We hypothesized that rearing environment can change mice phenotypes and thus might alter toxicological study results. In this study, we exposed mice to diesel exhaust inhalation at 90 micro g/m3, 8 hours/day, for 28 consecutive days after rearing in a standard cage or environmental enrichment conditions. Microarray analysis found that expression levels of 112 genes were changed by diesel exhaust inhalation. Functional analysis using Gene Ontology revealed that the dysregulated genes were involved in inflammation and immune response. This result was supported by pathway analysis. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis confirmed 10 genes. Interestingly, background gene expression of the olfactory bulb of mice reared in a standard cage environment was changed by diesel exhaust inhalation, whereas there was no significant effect of diesel exhaust exposure on gene expression levels of mice reared with environmental enrichment. The results indicate for the first time that the effect of diesel exhaust exposure on gene expression of the olfactory bulb was influenced by rearing environment. Rearing environment, such as environmental enrichment, may be an important contributive factor to causation in evaluating still undefined toxic environmental substances such as diesel exhaust.