Project description:The optimal ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is important for keeping homeostasis of biological processes and metabolism, yet the underlying biological mechanism is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to identify changes in the pig liver transcriptome induced by a diet enriched with omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids, and to characterize the biological mechanisms related to PUFA metabolism. Polish Landrace pigs (n =12) were fed diet enriched with linoleic acid (LA, omega-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, omega-3 family) or standard diet as a control. The fatty acids profiling was assayed in order to verify how feeding influenced the fatty acids content in liver, and subsequently next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEG) between transcriptomes between dietary groups. The biological mechanisms and pathway interaction networks were identified by analysis in DAVID and Cytoscape tools. Fatty acids profile analysis indicated a higher contribution of PUFAs in liver for LA and ALA-enriched diet group, particularly for the omega-3 fatty acids family, but not omega-6. Next-generation sequencing identified 3,565 DEG, 1,484 of which were induced and 2,081 were suppressed by PUFA supplemenation. Low ratio of omega-6/-3 fatty acids resulted in modulation of fatty acids metabolism pathways and over-representation of genes involved in membrane composition, signal transduction and immune response pathways. In conclusion, a diet enriched with omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids altered the transcriptomic profile of the pig liver and affected a set of genes involved in metabolic pathways important to animal health status. Hepatic mRNA profiles of Polish Landrace pig breed fed two different diets, were generated by deep sequencing, using Illumina MiSeq. Experimental diet was enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-6 and omega-3), while standard diet remain as a cotrol. 2 pooled samples each containing RNA extracts from 6 individuals livers were analyzed.
Project description:Here, we investigated marine thraustochytrid Schizochytrium limacinum SR21 for its ability to convert waste oil, mixture of commercial oils (mCOs) and volatile fatty acids i.e., acetic acid and butyric acid into ω-3 fatty acid; docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Metabolic insights through whole cell transcriptomic aid in tracing the route of substrate assimilation.
Project description:The optimal ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is important for keeping homeostasis of biological processes and metabolism, yet the underlying biological mechanism is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to identify changes in the pig liver transcriptome induced by a diet enriched with omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids, and to characterize the biological mechanisms related to PUFA metabolism. Polish Landrace pigs (n =12) were fed diet enriched with linoleic acid (LA, omega-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, omega-3 family) or standard diet as a control. The fatty acids profiling was assayed in order to verify how feeding influenced the fatty acids content in liver, and subsequently next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEG) between transcriptomes between dietary groups. The biological mechanisms and pathway interaction networks were identified by analysis in DAVID and Cytoscape tools. Fatty acids profile analysis indicated a higher contribution of PUFAs in liver for LA and ALA-enriched diet group, particularly for the omega-3 fatty acids family, but not omega-6. Next-generation sequencing identified 3,565 DEG, 1,484 of which were induced and 2,081 were suppressed by PUFA supplemenation. Low ratio of omega-6/-3 fatty acids resulted in modulation of fatty acids metabolism pathways and over-representation of genes involved in membrane composition, signal transduction and immune response pathways. In conclusion, a diet enriched with omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids altered the transcriptomic profile of the pig liver and affected a set of genes involved in metabolic pathways important to animal health status.
Project description:Interventions: omega-3 fatty acid supplement PO 6.5g/day(including lipid 4g and omega-3 fatty acid 2.2g)
No supplement taking
Primary outcome(s): Reduction of systemic inflammatory response, especially C-reactive protein
Study Design: Parallel Non-randomized
Project description:The objective of this project is identifying differentially expressed (DE) genes which are associated with higher omega-3 fatty acids deposition in beef cows. Omega-3 fatty acids have been found to influence meat flavor and are beneficial to human health. Supplementation of livestock diets with flaxseed, a rich source of ë±-linolenic acid, is the most common means of producing omega-3 fatty acid-enriched animal products. Towards the goal of enhancing beef fatty acid composition, 64 crossbred cull cows (~30 months of age) with similar breed composition were randomized by weight/body condition, and fed one of four 50:50 forage:concentrate diets on a DM basis (16 cows/treatment), containing ground barley grain with either hay or silage, supplemented with 0 or 15% ground flaxseed (DM basis). Cows were slaughtered after spending 140 days on the treatment diets. Five cows from each of the four diets were selected for transcriptional analysis based on FA profiles of the kidney fat collected at slaughter. RNA was isolated from Longissimus thoracis muscle, subcutaneous and kidney fat of each cow (20 samples/tissue) and hybridized in duplicate to BOMC 24K 60-mer microarrays. Differential gene expression between flax-fed and non-flax-fed cows as well as identifying those genes associated with fatty acid metabolism were studied.
Project description:There is a gap in our understanding of the protective effect of the essential ω-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on proliferative retinopathies. In retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), DHA supplementation alone may not reduce the risk for severe disease. We found that in mouse neonates with hyperglycemia-associated retinopathy (HAR) with impaired retinal vessel growth modeling Phase I ROP versus controls, there was a strong metabolic shift in almost all types of retinal neuronal cells identified with single-cell transcriptomics. Loss of adiponectin (Apn-/-), modeling low APN seen in premature infants, caused a ω-3 and ω-6 LCPUFA imbalance in HAR mouse retinas. Dietary intake of ω-3 vs ω-6 LCPUFA promoted retinal vessel growth, associated with increased APN levels and increased retinal APN receptor AdipoR1 gene expression. Interestingly, we found that ω-6 vs. ω-3 LCPUFA was essential in maintaining retinal metabolism and neuronal development. Our findings suggest that both ω-3 and ω-6 LCPUFA are essential in protecting against retinal neurovascular dysfunction in Phase I ROP model. Maintaining adequate ω-6 LCPUFA levels is required while supplementing ω-3 LCPUFA to prevent retinopathy.
Project description:Primary human hepatocytes were treated with 200µM DHA/EPA/OA or vehicle(ethanol) for 16 hours before cells were harvested for RNA extraction. Total RNA was isolated from primary human hepatocytes using KingFisher PURE RNA tissue Kit. The eluted RNA was subjected for strand specific sequencing libraries construction with illumina TruSeq RNA sample Prep Kit and subsequently sequenced by NHLBI DNA sequencing and Genomic Core using Illumina HiSeq 3000 paired-end sequencing platform.
Project description:This study explored how the omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acid ratio in low-fish oil aquafeeds influences Atlantic salmon's antiviral and antibacterial immune responses. Atlantic salmon were fed aquafeeds rich in soy oil (high in omega-6) or linseed oil (high in omega-3) for 12 weeks and then challenged with bacterial (formalin-killed Aeromonas salmonicida; Asal) or viral-like (polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid; pIC) antigens. The mRNA levels of 46 immune-relevant genes in the head kidneys of the salmon were analyzed via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).
Project description:Estrogen receptor dependent genomic expression profiles in breast cancer cells in response to fatty acids. Estrogen receptor positive cells respond better to omega 3 treatments. two condition experiments: ER positive and negative breast cancer cells exposed to two fatty acids: omega-3 (eicosapentanoic acid) and 6 (arachidonic acid).