Gut metagenome
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA766025 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Gut microbiome research is rapidly moving towards the functional characterization of the microbiota by means of shotgun meta-omics. Here, we selected a cohort of healthy subjects from an indigenous and monitored Sardinian population to analyze their gut microbiota using both shotgun metagenomics and shotgun metaproteomics. We found a considerable divergence between genetic potential and functional activity of the human healthy gut microbiota, in spite of a quite comparable taxonomic structure revealed by the two approaches. Investigation of inter-individual variability of taxonomic features revealed Bacteroides and Akkermansia as remarkably conserved and variable in abundance within the population, respectively. Firmicutes-driven butyrogenesis (mainly due to Faecalibacterium spp.) was shown to be the functional activity with the higher expression rate and the lower inter-individual variability in the study cohort, highlighting the key importance of the biosynthesis of this microbial by-product for the gut homeostasis. The taxon-specific contribution to functional activities and metabolic tasks was also examined, giving insights into the peculiar role of several gut microbiota members in carbohydrate metabolism (including polysaccharide degradation, glycan transport, glycolysis and short-chain fatty acid production). In conclusion, our results provide useful indications regarding the main functions actively exerted by the gut microbiota members of a healthy human cohort, and support metaproteomics as a valuable approach to investigate the functional role of the gut microbiota in health and disease.
2017-07-19 | PXD005780 | Pride
Project description:CRC mucosal microbiota project Targeted loci
| PRJNA399638 | ENA
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC6785875 | biostudies-other
Project description:Several lines of evidence suggest that inflammation plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of CRC and can be unleashed by the loss of innate immunosurveillance. The complement system is a well characterized first line of defense against pathogens and a central component of the immune responses. As such, the complement system is an important determinant in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and emerging evidences suggest that complement dysregulation is involved in the development and progression of CRC. Here we show that in CRC patients CpG island methylation occurs in the gene encoding for the complement anaphylatoxin C3a receptor (c3aR) and strong C3aR down-regulation resulted in decreased overall survival and events-free survival in CRC patients. Ablation of c3ar in mouse models of CRC resulted in the establishment of a pro-inflammatory microbial flora, which fostered strong Th1/Th17 immune responses and a striking increase in tumor incidence and growth that were both dependent on the microbiota. Our findings highlight a previously unrecognized tumor oncosuppressive role for C3aR in CRC that could be exploited as a biomarker for more effective therapeutic intervention.
2020-02-01 | E-MTAB-8500 | biostudies-arrayexpress