Ontology highlight
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PROVIDER: PRJNA782853 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Mutations in MSX1 cause craniofacial developmental defects, including tooth agenesis, in humans and mice. Previous studies suggest that Msx1 activates Bmp4 expression in the developing tooth mesenchyme to drive early tooth organogenesis. Whereas Msx1−/− mice exhibit developmental arrest of all tooth germs at the bud stage, however, mice with neural crest-specific inactivation of Bmp4 (Bmp4ncko/ncko), which lack Bmp4 expression in the developing tooth mesenchyme, showed developmental arrest of only mandibular molars. We recently demonstrated that deletion of Osr2, which encodes a zinc finger transcription factor expressed in a lingual-to-buccal gradient in the developing tooth bud mesenchyme, rescued molar tooth morphogenesis in both Msx1−/− and Bmp4ncko/ncko mice. In this study, through RNA-seq analyses of the developing tooth mesenchyme in mutant and wildtype embryos, we found that Msx1 and Osr2 have opposite effects on expression of several secreted Wnt antagonists in the tooth bud mesenchyme. Remarkably, both Dkk2 and Sfrp2 exhibit Osr2-dependent preferential expression on the lingual side of the tooth bud mesenchyme and expression of both genes was up-regulated and expanded into the tooth bud mesenchyme in Msx1−/− and Bmp4ncko/ncko mutant embryos. We show that pharmacological activation of canonical Wnt signaling by either lithium chloride (LiCl) treatment or by inhibition of Dkk in utero was sufficient to rescue mandibular molar tooth morphogenesis in Bmp4ncko/ncko mice. Furthermore, whereas inhibition of Dkk alone was insufficient to rescue tooth morphogenesis in Msx1−/− mice, pharmacological inhibition of Dkk in combination with genetic inactivation of Sfrp2 and Sfrp3 rescued maxillary molar morphogenesis in Msx1−/− mice. Together, these data reveal a novel mechanism that the Bmp4-Msx1 pathway drives tooth organogenesis by activating Wnt signaling via regulation of the secreted Wnt antagonists.
2017-05-11 | GSE80288 | GEO
Project description:Mutations in MSX1 cause craniofacial developmental defects, including tooth agenesis, in humans and mice. Previous studies suggest that Msx1 activates Bmp4 expression in the developing tooth mesenchyme to drive early tooth organogenesis. Whereas Msx1−/− mice exhibit developmental arrest of all tooth germs at the bud stage, however, mice with neural crest-specific inactivation of Bmp4 (Bmp4ncko/ncko), which lack Bmp4 expression in the developing tooth mesenchyme, showed developmental arrest of only mandibular molars. We recently demonstrated that deletion of Osr2, which encodes a zinc finger transcription factor expressed in a lingual-to-buccal gradient in the developing tooth bud mesenchyme, rescued molar tooth morphogenesis in both Msx1−/− and Bmp4ncko/ncko mice. In this study, through RNA-seq analyses of the developing tooth mesenchyme in mutant and wildtype embryos, we found that Msx1 and Osr2 have opposite effects on expression of several secreted Wnt antagonists in the tooth bud mesenchyme. Remarkably, both Dkk2 and Sfrp2 exhibit Osr2-dependent preferential expression on the lingual side of the tooth bud mesenchyme and expression of both genes was up-regulated and expanded into the tooth bud mesenchyme in Msx1−/− and Bmp4ncko/ncko mutant embryos. We show that pharmacological activation of canonical Wnt signaling by either lithium chloride (LiCl) treatment or by inhibition of Dkk in utero was sufficient to rescue mandibular molar tooth morphogenesis in Bmp4ncko/ncko mice. Furthermore, whereas inhibition of Dkk alone was insufficient to rescue tooth morphogenesis in Msx1−/− mice, pharmacological inhibition of Dkk in combination with genetic inactivation of Sfrp2 and Sfrp3 rescued maxillary molar morphogenesis in Msx1−/− mice. Together, these data reveal a novel mechanism that the Bmp4-Msx1 pathway drives tooth organogenesis by activating Wnt signaling via regulation of the secreted Wnt antagonists.
2017-05-12 | GSE81282 | GEO
Project description:Background: Whole exome sequencing (WES) has been proven to serve as a valuable basis for various applications such as variant calling and copy number variation (CNV) analyses. For those analyses the read coverage should be optimally balanced throughout protein coding regions at sufficient read depth. Unfortunately, WES is known for its uneven coverage within coding regions due to GC-rich regions or off-target enrichment. Results: In order to examine the irregularities of WES within genes, we applied Agilent SureSelectXT exome capture on human samples and sequenced these via Illumina in 2x101 paired-end mode. As we suspected the sequenced insert length to be crucial in the uneven coverage of exome captured samples, we sheared 12 genomic DNA samples to two different DNA insert size lengths, namely 130 and 170 bp. Interestingly, although mean coverages of target regions were clearly higher in samples of 130 bp insert length, the level of evenness was more pronounced in 170 bp samples. Moreover, merging overlapping paired-end reads revealed a positive effect on evenness indicating overlapping reads as another reason for the unevenness. In addition, mutation analysis on a subset of the samples was performed. In these isogenic subclones almost twofold mutations were failed in the 130 bp samples when compared to the 170 bp samples. Visual inspection of the discarded mutation sites exposed low coverages at the sites embedded in high amplitudes of coverage depth in the affected region. Conclusions: Producing longer insert reads could be a good strategy to achieve better uniform read coverage in coding regions and hereby enhancing the effective sequencing yield to provide an improved basis for further variant calling and CNV analyses.
2016-07-28 | E-MTAB-4527 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We aimed to decipher APOBEC3A driven mutational differences in human PDX_PDAC tissues. 40 human PDX_PDAC tissues were grouped based on their APOBEC3A expression levels into APOBEC3A High and Low groups. Illumina whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed and downstream variant analysis was applied.
2021-09-06 | E-MTAB-10115 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Potocki-Shaffer syndrome (PSS) is a rare contiguous gene deletion syndrome marked by haploinsufficiency of genes in chromosomal region 11p11.2p12. Approximately 50 cases of PSS have been reported; however, a syndrome with a PSS-like clinical phenotype caused by 11p11.12p12 duplication has not yet been reported. We first report the 11p11.12p12 duplication in a family with intellectual disability and craniofacial anomalies. 11p11.12p12 duplication syndrome was identified by karyotype analysis. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis clarified the location of the chromosomal variations, which was confirmed by chromosome microarray analysis (CMA). Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to exclude single nucleotide variations (SNVs). The raw data of NGS analysis and WES have been submitted to SRA, the accession number is PRJNA713823.
2021-03-24 | GSE169469 | GEO
Project description:The IMPACT Study seeks to refine and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions on improving guideline-adherent cancer risk management (CRM) and family communication (FC) of genetic test results. These interventions will be delivered to individuals with a documented pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variant or variant of uncertain significance (VUS) in an inherited cancer gene.
| 2368091 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:Introduction Aminoacyl tRNA-synthetases are ubiquitously expressed enzymes that attach amino acids to their cognate tRNA molecule. Mutations in several of the aminoacyl tRNA-syntheases are described to cause peripheral neuropathy, i.e. AARS1, GARS1, HARS1, YARS1 and WARS1. The Alanyl-tRNA Synthetase (AARS) is encoded by the AARS1. Bi-allelic mutations have been described responsible for epileptic encephalopathy with persistent myelination defect, while mutation in a single allele cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 (CMT2). Do date it is uncertain how a single AARS1 mutation cause tissue specific neuropathy. Methods The AARS1 was sequenced by next-generation sequencing in probands. Family members were examined by Sanger sequencing. Blood samples from affected and healthy controls were used for quantitative RNA analysis, biochemical analysis of alanine, and proteomics. Results Three Norwegian CMT2 families carried the same novel heterozygous AARS1 variant (NM_001605.2:c.976C>T p.(Arg326Trp)). The three families consisted of in total 17 genetically examined family members, of which 11 individuals carried the AARS1 variant and six unaffected individuals did not carry the variant. All individuals carrying the AARS1 variant presented with a mild to moderately severe CMT2 phenotype with adult onset, except a man age 91 years (reported by his son). Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis of four affected individuals pointed towards an effect on the immune system, comprising proteins known to represent components of systemic response to chronic injury and inflammation. Interestingly, a wide-spread impact on mitochondrial dysfunction was identified. Specifically, the oxidative phosphorylation complexes I, IV and V were highly downregulated. Conclusion Three Norwegian CMT2 families with an AARS1 variant, suggests mitochondrial dysfunction in AARS1 neuropathy.
2022-10-14 | PXD023842 | Pride