Project description:Experiment was designed to study the effect of Hippo pathway on osimertinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. The specific comparisons investigated were: PC-9: NTC vs NF2 KO, EV vs YAP1 OE, EV vs WWTR1 OE, EV DMSO treated vs EV osimertinib treated HCC827: NTC vs NF2 KO, EV vs YAP1 OE, EV vs WWTR1 OE,EV DMSO treated vs EV osimertinib treated HCC4006: NTC vs NF2 KO, EV vs YAP1 OE, EV vs WWTR1 OE, EV DMSO treated vs EV osimertinib treated
Project description:Mice were intravenously injected with extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from B16V wt (n=3) or BAG6KO (n=3) cells or with PBS (n=3) as a control for 4 weeks on a weekly basis. Since B-16V melanoma cells colonise the lung upon intravenous injection and referring to current literature, we hypothesise that melanoma EVs alter the (immune-) microenvironment of the lung to prepare a pre-metastatic niche. Based on current literature and own previous experiments identifying BAG6 as an immunoregulatory protein that is also involved in the biogenesis of EVs, we are particularly interested in differences between the immune signature upon wt EV treatment compared to BAG6KO EV treatment.
Project description:Mechanical force is critical for lung development. In this study we identified specific EV-miRNAs released from the mouse epithelial cell line in response to mechanical stretch involve in lung development. In utero fetal lung experiences significant continuous transpulmonary pressure as a result of epithelial secretion in to the airway lumen, and periodic fetal breathing movement that move the fluid along the developing airway. Mechanical force is important factors for fetal lung development. However, the effect of mechanical force on the functions of lung cells is not known precisely. Extracellular vesicles –microRNAs (EV-miRNA) are increasingly recognized as a new mode of cell-to-cell communication. miRNA is well known as a regulator of physio-pathological process. In this study, we used oligonucleotide microarray technology to investigate miRNA expression in EV-released from mouse lung epithelial cell MLE12 after exposed to 10% cyclic or 5% continuous stretch. Analysis of microarray data identified 9 and 33 miRNAs significantly differentially expressed by the cyclic and continuous stretch respectively. Several differentially expressed miRNAs were reported dynamically expressed in mouse developing lung. miRNAs associated with important transcription factors for cell function and key signaling pathways for fetal lung development also identified in this study. We conclude that mechanical signals differentially regulate the expression of specific EV/miRNAs in MLE12 are important for intercellular communication during lung fetal development.
Project description:Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lethal chronic lung disease characterized by aberrant intercellular communication, extracellular matrix deposition and destruction of functional lung tissue. While extracellular vesicles (EVs) accumulate in the IPF lung, their cargo and biological effects remain unclear. We interrogated the proteome of EV and non-EV fractions during pulmonary fibrosis and characterize their contribution to fibrosis. EVs accumulated 14 days post-bleomycin challenge, correlating with decreased lung function and initiated fibrogenesis in healthy precision-cut lung slices. Label-free proteomics of broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF)-EVs collected from mice challenged with bleomycin or control identified 107 proteins enriched in fibrotic vesicles. Multiomic analysis revealed fibroblasts as a major cellular source of BALF-EV cargo, which was enriched in Secreted Frizzled Related Protein 1 (SFRP1). Sfrp1 deficiency inhibited the activity of fibroblast-derived EVs to potentiate lung fibrosis in vivo. SFRP1 led to increased transitional cell markers, such as Krt8, and WNT/β-catenin signaling in primary alveolar type 2 cells. SFRP1 is expressed within the IPF lung and localized at the surface of EVs from patient-derived fibroblasts and BALF. Our work reveals altered EV protein cargo in fibrotic EVs promoting fibrogenesis and identifies fibroblast derived vesicular SFRP1 as fibrotic mediator and potential therapeutic target for IPF.
Project description:Electronic cigarette use has increased dramatically over the past three years, despite numerous reports of acute lung injury and even death. In this report we provide evidence from a nonhuman primate model for Electronic Vapor-Induced Lung Injury (EVALI), demonstrating significant lung pathology from electronic vaping (EV). Here we characterized the particle size and pathogenic effects induced by EV exposure of nonhuman primates using the commercial nicotine JUUL® pod modular devices. Vaping aerosols appear to preferentially and exclusively target the bronchioles while bypassing larger bronchi. We demonstrate a significantly smaller particle size, generated by the EV device relative to combustion product aerosols produced by conventional cigarettes. Histopathologically, vaping aerosols appear to preferentially and exclusively target the bronchioles while bypassing larger bronchi which is consistent with a significanlty smaller particle size compared to cigarette smoke. Our immunohistochemical and RNAseq studies provide further evidence for severe small airway inflammation and dysregulation of gene expression within immune cells derived from bronchial lavage, respectively. Our findings raise major concerns regarding the safety of e-cigarettes, and provide a mechanism for the preferential induction of lung injury by EV. Our results, in a species whose lung architecture is the closest possible approximation of that of a human adolescent, suggest the danger of the EV device itself and resultant small particulate aerosols produced, preferentially entering and damaging a highly susceptible part of the respiratory system.
Project description:Lung cancer, particularly lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, largely due to metastasis. This study investigated the impact of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from LUAD cells on lung fibroblasts. EVs were isolated from LUAD cell lines via ultracentrifugation and characterized using Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis and western blot. Lung fibroblasts were treated with PBS, TGFβ or EVs, and their activation was assessed through protein (Western Blot) and RNA analysis (RNA seq and RT-qPCR). Results confirmed TGFβ induced activation and showed that LUAD EVs could also activate fibroblasts, increasing cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) markers. While EV-induced CAF activation displayed unique features, the EV and TGFβ treatments also shared some differentially expressed genes. Mesenchymal genes POSTN and SPOCK1 were significantly upregulated in TGFβ and EV-treated fibroblasts. The secretion as protein of POSTN from the TGFβ and EV-induced CAFs was confirmed through ELISA. These findings suggest that LUAD EVs play a role in CAF activation through both shared and distinct pathways compared to canonical TGFβ activation, potentially identifying novel gene expression involved in CAF activation.
Project description:The serum EV genes has great diagnostic value for lung adenocarcinoma patients with tumor size smaller than 2cm, which may serve as an important supplement to lung cancer screening.
Project description:Sepsis is a complex syndrome associated with physiological, pathological, and biochemical abnormalities resulting from infection. Sepsis is the major cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are serving as new messengers to mediate cell-cell communication in vivo. The function of EVs in sepsis patients are not well defined. We found sepsis EV encapsulating G6PD induced pro-inflammatory effects in the lung tissue by reprogramming purine metabolism. Most notably, guanine accumulation led to EZH2-mediated H3K27Me3 level. Finally Our study provides a novel mechanism of how EV reviried puring metabolism in lung tissue and leading to acute lung damage.
Project description:To investigate the tumor suppressor roleof CYB5R3 in lung cancer, we infected with adenoviral empty vector (EV) or CYB5R3 in NCI-H1299 cells.
Project description:This study aimed to understand the role of ILF2 upregulation in metastatic melanoma cutaneous progression and DNA damage response. The goal of RPPA analysis was to determine the protein expression profiles in DP-0574 and IM-0223 melanoma cell lines with ILF2 overexpression (ILF2-OV) or control empty vector (EV). By analysis of RPPA in both metastatic melanoma cell lines, we found that ILF2-OV controls significantly increased RAD50 expression.