Dataset Information

A multi-omic analysis of an Enterococcus faecium mutant reveals genetic mutation and dramatic changes of mRNA and protein expressions

ABSTRACT: Three iTRAQ8plex experiment replicate using TripleToF 5600 system. Protein identification were performed using the ProteinPilot software (version 4.0.8085,Paragon Algorithm version 4.0.0.0).All MS/MS spectra was search against amino acids sequences which is annotated from genome. The search parameters was set as follows: Cys. Alkylation: Iodoacetic acid, Digestion: Trypsin, ID Focus: Biological modifications, Search Effort: Thorough. The search results was filter using Local FDR 5%.

INSTRUMENT(S): TripleTOF 5600

ORGANISM(S): Enterococcus Faecalis (streptococcus Faecalis)

SUBMITTER: Liu liu

PROVIDER: PXD000326 | Pride | 2014-04-16

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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A multi-omic analysis of an Enterococcus faecium mutant reveals specific genetic mutations and dramatic changes in mRNA and protein expression.

Chang De D Zhu Yuanfang Y An Li L Liu Jinwen J Su Longxiang L Guo Yinghua Y Chen Zhenhong Z Wang Yajuan Y Wang Li L Wang Junfeng J Li Tianzhi T Fang Xiangqun X Fang Chengxiang C Yang Ruifu R Liu Changting C

BMC microbiology 20131228

<h4>Background</h4>For a long time, Enterococcus faecium was considered a harmless commensal of the mammalian gastrointestinal (GI) tract and was used as a probiotic in fermented foods. In recent decades, E. faecium has been recognised as an opportunistic pathogen that causes diseases such as neonatal meningitis, urinary tract infections, bacteremia, bacterial endocarditis and diverticulitis. E. faecium could be taken into space with astronauts and exposed to the space environment. Thus, it is n ...[more]

PMID: 24373636

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Project description:Human keratinocytes, HaCaT cells were transfected with the dsRNA-analogue polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) (Sigma-Aldrich) using Lipofectamine 2000 reagent (Invitrogen) for intracellular delivery. The cells were transfected with 7 ug/ml poly I:C for 1 h or left untreated. The cells were collected in PBS with a cell scraper and washed once with PBS before they were lysed with HEPES lysis buffer (50 mM HEPES, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 1 % NP-40, pH 7.4) including protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktails (Sigma-Aldrich). The cell lysates were centrifuged 2,264 x g for 15 min at 4°C, divided into smaller fractions and centrifuged again 11,686 x g for 15 min at 4°C . The supernatant was collected and the protein content was measured with Bio-Rad DC protein assay (Bio-Rad). For the samples, 8 mg of protein was used. The proteins were precipitated with 10 % TCA/acetone at -20°C overnight. Samples were centrifuged 10,733 x g for 20 min at 4°C and the supernatant was removed. The precipitation was washed once with acetone and dissolved in urea buffer (8 M urea, 400 mM NH4CO3, 20 mM DL-dithiotheitol, 1 mM EDTA, pH 8.5). The proteins were reduced, alkylated, and enzymatically digested in-solution with lysyl endopeptidase (Wako Chemicals) and trypsin (Promega). The peptides were fractionated by strong cation exchange chromatography. Phosphopeptide enrichment was performed with immobilized-metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) using PHOS-Select Iron Affinity Gel (Sigma Aldrich). The enriched phosphopeptides were analyzed by nanoLC-MS/MS using an Ultimate 3000 nano-LC (Dionex) coupled to a QSTAR Elite hybrid quadrupole TOF-MS (Applied Biosystems/MDS Sciex) with nano-ESI ionization.23,24 The LC-MS/MS data were submitted through the ProteinPilot 4.0 interface (Applied Biosystems/MDS Sciex) to an in-house Mascot database search engine version 4.0 (Matrix Science), and to the ProteinPilot algorithm Paragon. The data were searched against the human canonical sequences in the Swiss-Prot database (decoy version 08132012 for the Mascot searches and version 04012013 with 539,829 sequences for the Paragon searches). The Mascot search criteria were: fixed modifications: carbamidomethyl of cysteine, variable modifications: oxidation (M), phospho (ST), phospho (Y), acetylation (K), 1 missed cleavage allowed, enzyme: trypsin. The Paragon search criteria were: modifications: cystein alkylation with iodoacetamide, ID focus: biological modifications, phosphorylation emphasis, identification threshold: 95 % confidence (Unused ProtScore (Conf) > 1.3), Thorough search (ID), enzyme: trypsin.

Project description:Enterococcus faecium has become a major opportunistic pathogen with the emergence of multidrug-resistant clones that are well-adapted to the hospital environment. As part of the vast diversity of gut microbiota, they are faced with different environmental stress, including antimicrobial pressure. By contrast, little is known about the effect of non-antibiotic molecules on bacterial physiology while numerous drugs are used in inpatients, especially those hospitalized in intensive care units (ICUs). The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the most prescribed xenobiotics in ICUs on fitness, pathogenicity and antimicrobial resistance of E. faecium. Several phenotypic analysis was carried out and we rapidly brought to light that caspofungin, an antifungal agent belonging to the echinocandin family, seemed to have an important impact on E. faecium growth. Since the fungal target of caspofungin [beta-(1,3)-glucan synthase] is absent in enterococci, the mechanism of caspofungin action was investigated by several approaches. First, we decided to confirm this result by electronic microscopy and a peptidoglycan analysis by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Again, we highlighted that caspofungin even at subinhibitory concentrations (SICs) seemed to have an impact on cell wall organization especially in muropeptide precursors abundance. Then, a transcriptomic analysis was performed by RNA-seq (HiSeq 2500, Illumina) using the vanB-positive reference strain E. faecium Aus0004 in the presence or absence of caspofungin SIC (8 mg/L i.e., ¼ of the MIC). Transcriptomic analysis showed that the expression of 568 genes (19.9% of the genome) was significantly altered in the presence of caspofungin SIC, with 323 genes induced (fold change >2, p-value <0.1) and 245 genes repressed (fold change <-2, p-value <0.1). Regarding the repressed genes, the pdhABCD operon is largely downregulated (fold changes -4.3, -9.7, -6.9 and -6.4, respectively). This operon encoded components of the pyruvate deshydrogenase multienzyme complex involved in bacterial energetic pathway by the citrate cycle (i.e., TCA cycle). Moreover, it seemed that the glycerol metabolism pathway and in particular the glpOKF operon is downregulated too. The dramatic alteration of TCA seemed to have an drastic impact on bacterial cells viability indeed decrease of glycerol metabolism could explain the conformational modifications of peptidoglycan.

Dataset Information

A multi-omic analysis of an Enterococcus faecium mutant reveals genetic mutation and dramatic changes of mRNA and protein expressions

Publications

A multi-omic analysis of an Enterococcus faecium mutant reveals specific genetic mutations and dramatic changes in mRNA and protein expression.

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