Dataset Information

Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 2 (GFPT2) is upregulated in breast epithelial-mesenchymal transition and involved in oxidative stress regulation.

ABSTRACT: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a diverse and dynamic biological process which is involved in cancer progression. It is important for carcinoma cells during invasion and metastasis. EMT has been in the spotlight for cancer cells to disseminate to distant organs by gaining partial EMT phenotype. Cancer cells with partial EMT are believed to be more cancerogenic/invasive than cells that have undergone complete EMT. The proteomic changes that occur following EMT in breast epithelial cells and how these relate to changes in cellular metabolism are incompletely understood. To study metabolic reprogramming in different mesenchymal states, we analyzed proteomic changes following EMT in the breast epithelial cell model D492, with single-shot LFQ supported by SILAC proteomic approach. The D492 EMT cell model contains three isogenic cell lines: epithelial D492 cells, mesenchymal D492M cells, and partial mesenchymal, HER2 overexpressing, tumorigenic D492HER2 cells. Proteomic analysis positioned the D492 and D492M cells as basal-like while D492HER2 as claudin-low. Further comparison of the non-tumorigenic D492 and D492M cells to tumorigenic D492HER2 differentiated the metabolic EMT markers of migration from those of invasion. Among these were markers of glycan metabolism. We identified glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase [isomerizing] 2 (GFPT2) as the top dysregulated enzyme in glycan metabolism and found increased GFPT2 expression was a characteristic of claudin-low breast cancer. siRNA knockdown of GFPT2 influenced both cell growth and invasion in vitro and was accompanied by lowered flux through the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP). Knockdown of GFPT2 decreased cystathionine and sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase (SQOR) in the transsulfuration pathway which regulates H2S production and mitochondrial homeostasis. Moreover, GFPT2 expression was regulated by the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) and suppressed by the oxidative stress regulator, GSK3-β. Our results demonstrate that GFPT2 is a marker for oxidative stress. It is upregulated and controls growth and invasion in the D492 EMT model and is associated with claudin-low and poor prognosis in breast cancer.

INSTRUMENT(S): LTQ Orbitrap Velos

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human)

TISSUE(S): Epithelial Cell, Cell Culture

DISEASE(S): Breast Cancer

SUBMITTER: Qiong Wang

LAB HEAD: Óttar Rolfsson

PROVIDER: PXD025600 | Pride | 2022-01-05

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Publications

Glutamine-Fructose-6-Phosphate Transaminase 2 (GFPT2) Is Upregulated in Breast Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Responds to Oxidative Stress.

Wang Qiong Q Karvelsson Sigurdur Trausti ST Kotronoulas Aristotelis A Gudjonsson Thorarinn T Halldorsson Skarphedinn S Rolfsson Ottar O

Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP 20211217 2

Breast cancer cells that have undergone partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are believed to be more invasive than cells that have completed EMT. To study metabolic reprogramming in different mesenchymal states, we analyzed protein expression following EMT in the breast epithelial cell model D492 with single-shot LFQ supported by a SILAC proteomics approach. The D492 EMT cell model contains three cell lines: the epithelial D492 cells, the mesenchymal D492M cells, and a partial mesench ...[more]

PMID: 34923141

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Project description:Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a diverse and dynamic biological process which is involved in cancer progression. It is important for carcinoma cells during invasion and metastasis. EMT has been in the spotlight for cancer cells to disseminate to distant organs by gaining partial EMT phenotype. Cancer cells with partial EMT are believed to be more cancerogenic/invasive than cells that have undergone complete EMT. The proteomic changes that occur following EMT in breast epithelial cells and how these relate to changes in cellular metabolism are incompletely understood. To study metabolic reprogramming in different mesenchymal states, we analyzed proteomic changes following EMT in the breast epithelial cell model D492, with single-shot LFQ supported by SILAC proteomic approach. The D492 EMT cell model contains three isogenic cell lines: epithelial D492 cells, mesenchymal D492M cells, and partial mesenchymal, HER2 overexpressing, tumorigenic D492HER2 cells. Proteomic analysis positioned the D492 and D492M cells as basal-like while D492HER2 as claudin-low. Further comparison of the non-tumorigenic D492 and D492M cells to tumorigenic D492HER2 differentiated the metabolic EMT markers of migration from those of invasion. Among these were markers of glycan metabolism. We identified glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase [isomerizing] 2 (GFPT2) as the top dysregulated enzyme in glycan metabolism and found increased GFPT2 expression was a characteristic of claudin-low breast cancer. siRNA knockdown of GFPT2 influenced both cell growth and invasion in vitro and was accompanied by lowered flux through the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP). Knockdown of GFPT2 decreased cystathionine and sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase (SQOR) in the transsulfuration pathway which regulates H2S production and mitochondrial homeostasis. Moreover, GFPT2 expression was regulated by the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) and suppressed by the oxidative stress regulator, GSK3-β. Our results demonstrate that GFPT2 is a marker for oxidative stress. It is upregulated and controls growth and invasion in the D492 EMT model and is associated with claudin-low and poor prognosis in breast cancer.

Project description:Metaplastic breast cancers (MBC) are aggressive, chemoresistant tumors characterized by lineage plasticity. To advance understanding of their pathogenesis and relatedness to other breast cancer subtypes, 28 MBCs were compared with common breast cancers using comparative genomic hybridization, transcriptional profiling, and reverse-phase protein arrays and by sequencing for common breast cancer mutations. MBCs showed unique DNA copy number aberrations compared with common breast cancers. PIK3CA mutations were detected in 9 of 19 MBCs (47.4%) versus 80 of 232 hormone receptor-positive cancers (34.5%; P = 0.32), 17 of 75 HER-2-positive samples (22.7%; P = 0.04), 20 of 240 basal-like cancers (8.3%; P < 0.0001), and 0 of 14 claudin-low tumors (P = 0.004). Of 7 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT pathway phosphorylation sites, 6 were more highly phosphorylated in MBCs than in other breast tumor subtypes. The majority of MBCs displayed mRNA profiles different from those of the most common, including basal-like cancers. By transcriptional profiling, MBCs and the recently identified claudin-low breast cancer subset constitute related receptor-negative subgroups characterized by low expression of GATA3-regulated genes and of genes responsible for cell-cell adhesion with enrichment for markers linked to stem cell function and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In contrast to other breast cancers, claudin-low tumors and most MBCs showed a significant similarity to a "tumorigenic" signature defined using CD44(+)/CD24(-) breast tumor-initiating stem cell-like cells. MBCs and claudin-low tumors are thus enriched in EMT and stem cell-like features, and may arise from an earlier, more chemoresistant breast epithelial precursor than basal-like or luminal cancers. PIK3CA mutations, EMT, and stem cell-like characteristics likely contribute to the poor outcomes of MBC and suggest novel therapeutic targets. Comparison of reference samples against treatment

Dataset Information

Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 2 (GFPT2) is upregulated in breast epithelial-mesenchymal transition and involved in oxidative stress regulation.

Publications

Glutamine-Fructose-6-Phosphate Transaminase 2 (GFPT2) Is Upregulated in Breast Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Responds to Oxidative Stress.

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