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Plasma-based proteomics analysis of molecular pathways in canine diabetes mellitus after astaxanthin supplementation

ABSTRACT: The hyperglycemic state in diabetes mellitus (DM) induces oxidative stress and inflammation, thus contributing to diabetic tissue damage and associated complications. Astaxanthin, a potent antioxidant carotenoid, has been investigated for its potential in preventing and managing diabetes across various species, but its effect on client-owned dogs is not well-studied. This study explored the impact of astaxanthin supplementation on canine DM using a proteomic approach. A total of 18 client-owned dogs were enrolled: 6 dogs with DM and 12 clinically healthy dogs. The diabetic dogs received their standard treatment regimen alongside daily oral supplementation of 12 mg of astaxanthin (1.5–2.4 mg/kg) for 90 days. Plasma samples were collected at the beginning and end of the study period for proteomic analysis. After astaxanthin supplementation, there were significant alterations in protein expression associated with the complement system, coagulation cascade, JAK-STAT signaling, and protein kinase C signaling, which all contribute to inflammation and oxidative stress. Astaxanthin demonstrated a protective effect against diabetes-associated complications, including insulin resistance, vascular dysfunction, nephropathy, and cardiac complications. These findings highlight the potential of astaxanthin as a complementary therapeutic agent for controlling DM in canines.

INSTRUMENT(S):

ORGANISM(S): Canis Familiaris (dog) (canis Lupus Familiaris)

TISSUE(S): Blood Plasma

DISEASE(S): Diabetes Mellitus

SUBMITTER: Sataporn Phochantachinda

LAB HEAD: Piyada Na nakorn

PROVIDER: PXD055138 | Pride | 2025-03-17

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Project description:Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disorder that disrupts the body from shifting glucose into the cells resulting in hyperglycaemia (1). Insulin dependence or DM that resembles type I diabetes in humans is commonly observed in dogs (2). Canine DM diagnosis is based on fasting hyperglycaemia and glucosuria with clinical presentation of polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia and weight loss (2). Its treatment goal is blood glucose control, which can be accomplished through insulin therapy, dietary modification and control of concurrent disorders (3). The major complications of DM include diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy and atherosclerosis induced by chronic hyperglycaemia via several pathways (4). The proposed unifying mechanism that mediates the tissue-damaging effects of hyperglycaemia is superoxide overproduction (5). Effective monitoring is required for DM treatment to reduce the risk of progression and complication. Hence, the identification of novel biomarkers is being researched (6, 7). Proteomics has been recognised as an important tool for establishing a diagnosis of disease aetiology and monitoring therapy outcomes (8, 9). Proteomic patterns were applied to detect diabetes and complications, as well as to evaluate treatment effectiveness in humans (10-12). There is limited information on proteomic data in DM dogs (13-15). In a proteomic analysis of serum samples from DM dogs, most upregulated proteins are involved in oxidative state, defence and inflammation (13). Medicinal plants are utilised in DM dogs as an adjunct medicine in combination with standard treatment to prevent the development of long-term diabetes complications and improve overall well-being. Curcumin, the most phytochemically active curcuminoid extracted from Curcuma longa, has gained attention in human and laboratory animals. Curcumin is known to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties (16-18). In humans and experimental animals with DM, curcumin has an antioxidant potential of enhanced reduced glutathione (GSH) and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (19, 20). The anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin in DM were reported via decreased interleukin-1β (IL‐1β), interleukin-6 (IL‐6), interleukin-8 (IL‐8) and tumour necrosis factor-α levels and also diminished monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and C-reactive protein levels (19-21). There has been no published evidence of the impact, safety and proteomic profiles of curcuminoids, particularly curcumin, in client-own DM dogs. Accordingly, the aims of the present study were (1) to evaluate the effects of curcuminoid supplementation on canine DM-associated oxidative stress and inflammation, (2) to determine the safety of curcuminoid supplementation in canine diabetes and (3) to determine whether curcuminoid has an impact on proteins implicated in DM-associated complications by a proteomic analysis.

			Action	DRS
	Adult-A-1.baf_idx	Other
	Adult-A-1.dat	Other
	Adult-A-1.mgf	Mgf
	Adult-A-2.baf_idx	Other
	Adult-A-2.dat	Other

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Plasma-based proteomics analysis of molecular pathways in canine diabetes mellitus after astaxanthin supplementation

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