Dataset Information

Extracellular Vesicles of Minimalistic Mollicutes as Mediators of Immune Modulation and Horizontal Gene Transfer

ABSTRACT: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are central components of bacterial secretomes, including the small, cell wall-less Mollicutes. Although EV release in Mollicutes has been reported, EV proteomic composition and function have not been explored yet. We developed a protocol for isolating EVs of the pathogens Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (Mmc) and Mycoplasma (Mycoplasmopsis) bovis and examined their functionality. Proteomic analysis demonstrated that EVs mirror the proteome of the EV-producing bacteria. EVs exhibited nuclease activity, effectively digesting both circular and linear DNA. Notably, EVs elicited immune responses in bovine primary blood cells, like those induced by live M. bovis. Our findings reveal that EVs can carry plasmids and enable their horizontal transfer, known as vesiduction. Specifically, the natural plasmid pKMK1, with an unknown transmission route, was detected in EVs of Mmc 152/93 and the tetM-containing pIV08 plasmid was associated with EVs released by an Mmc GM12 strain carrying this plasmid. pIVB08 could be transferred via homo- and heterologous vesiduction to Mmc, M. capricolum subsp. capricolum and M. leachii. Vesiduction was impeded by membrane disruption but resisted DNase and Proteinase K treatment, suggesting that EVs protect their cargo. These findings enhance our understanding of Mollicutes EVs, particularly in host interactions and horizontal gene transfer.

INSTRUMENT(S):

ORGANISM(S): Mycoplasma Mycoides Mycoplasmopsis Bovis

SUBMITTER: Manfred Heller

LAB HEAD: Joerg Jores

PROVIDER: PXD061464 | Pride | 2025-05-07

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Dataset's files

Source:

			Action	DRS
	20240730_12_TW_GM12.sne	Other
	20240730_12_TW_GM12_Report.tsv	Tabular
	20240730_12_TW_PG45.sne	Other
	20240730_12_TW_PG45_Report.tsv	Tabular
	20240815_Bac_Mbovis_PG45_1_DDA_Slot2-13_1_3484.d.zip	Other

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Publications

Extracellular vesicles of minimalistic Mollicutes as mediators of immune modulation and horizontal gene transfer.

Wagner Theresa Maria TM Torres-Puig Sergi S Yimthin Thatcha T Irobalieva Rossitza N RN Heller Manfred M Kaessmeyer Sabine S Démoulins Thomas T Jores Jörg J

Communications biology 20250429 1

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are central components of bacterial secretomes, including the small, cell wall-less Mollicutes. Although EV release in Mollicutes has been reported, EV proteomic composition and function have not been explored yet. We developed a protocol for isolating EVs of the pathogens Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (Mmc) and Mycoplasma (Mycoplasmopsis) bovis and examined their functionality. Proteomic analysis demonstrated that EVs mirror the proteome of the EV-producing bacte ...[more]

PMID: 40301684

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Project description:Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have several functions in the brain, serving as a mode of intercellular communication and as a pathway for disposal of cellular debris. While these functions serve to maintain healthy brain function, they may also contribute to diseases affecting the brain. EVs also change with aging of the brain, as levels of some EV subtypes increase at advanced ages in mice. These changes could be caused by aging-related changes such as inflammation, cellular senescence, or impairment of autophagy or mitochondrial function. Aging-related changes in brain EVs might also further aging-related changes, as levels of EVs in plasma may change with age and contribute to aging-related changes in inflammation and cellular metabolism. However, the effects of aging on brain EVs and the potential contribution of EVs to aging-related changes in the brain are not well understood. To address this question, we investigated the levels and protein contents of EVs isolated from brains of 4-, 12-, and 22-month–old C57Bl/6J mice. We detected no changes in EV levels, but observed age-dependent changes in EV proteins. EV fractions from aged (22-month–old) mice contained higher levels of extracellular matrix proteins than EV fractions from young (4-month–old) mice, with similar trends occurring in 12-month–old mice. Specifically, levels of hyaluronan and proteoglycan link proteins (Hapln) 1 and 2 were elevated in EV fractions from aged mice, as were levels of several chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), which interact with Hapln1 and 2. Analysis of extracellular matrix in several brain regions of aged mice revealed increased immunolabeling for aggrecan, but an overall reduction in labeling with Wisteria floribunda agglutinin, which binds to chondroitin sulfate. These data are consistent with prior studies showing changes to the composition of extracellular matrix in aged brains, which might contribute to age-related cognitive decline. These findings reveal a novel association of EVs with changes in the extracellular matrix of the aging brain.