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PCMT1 generates the C-terminal cyclic imide degron on CRBN substrates

ABSTRACT: The E3 ligase substrate adapter cereblon (CRBN), the primary target of clinical agents thalidomide and lenalidomide, recognizes endogenous substrates bearing the C-terminal cyclic imide modification. Although C-terminal cyclic imides can form spontaneously, an enzyme that regulates the formation of these modifications and thereby promotes a biological pathway connecting substrates to CRBN is unknown. Here, we report that protein carboxymethyltransferase (PCMT1) promotes formation of the C-terminal cyclic imide on C-terminal asparagine residues of CRBN substrates. PCMT1 and CRBN regulate the levels of metabolic enzymes glutamine synthetase (GLUL) and inorganic pyrophosphatase 1 (PPA1) in vitro, in cells, and in vivo, and this regulation is associated with the proepileptic phenotype of CRBN knockout mouse models. The discovery of an enzyme that regulates CRBN substrates through the C-terminal cyclic imide modification reveals a previously unknown biological pathway that is perturbed by thalidomide derivatives and provides a biochemical basis connecting multiple biological processes to CRBN.

INSTRUMENT(S):

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human) Mus Musculus (mouse)

TISSUE(S): Brain, Hepatocyte, Cell Culture

DISEASE(S): Disease Free

SUBMITTER: Christina Woo

LAB HEAD: Christina M. Woo

PROVIDER: PXD061730 | Pride | 2025-12-05

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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			Action	DRS
	Brain_Fr1.raw	Raw
	Brain_Fr10.raw	Raw
	Brain_Fr11.raw	Raw
	Brain_Fr12.raw	Raw
	Brain_Fr13.raw	Raw

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Genesis and regulation of C-terminal cyclic imides from protein damage

Project description:C-Terminal cyclic imides are post-translational modifications (PTMs) that can arise from spontaneous intramolecular cleavage of asparagine or glutamine residues resulting in a form of irreversible protein damage. These protein damage events are recognized and removed by the E3 ligase substrate adapter cereblon (CRBN), indicating that this class of aging-related modifications requires cellular quality control mechanisms to prevent deleterious effects. However, the factors that determine protein or peptide susceptibility to C-terminal cyclic imide formation or their effect on protein stability have not been explored in detail. Here, we characterize the primary and secondary structures of peptides and proteins that promote intrinsic formation of C-terminal cyclic imides in comparison to deamidation, a related form of protein damage. Extrinsic effects from solution properties and stressors on the cellular proteome additionally promote C-terminal cyclic imide formation on proteins like glutathione synthetase (GSS) that are susceptible to aggregation if they are not removed by CRBN. This systematic investigation provides insight to the regions of the proteome that are prone to these unexpectedly frequent modifications, the effects of this form of protein damage on the protein stability, and the biological role of CRBN.

2024-08-08 | PXD054016 | Pride

A method for the detection and enrichment of endogenous cereblon substrates

Project description:C-Terminal cyclic imides are posttranslational modifications on proteins that are recognized and removed by the E3 ligase substrate adapter cereblon (CRBN). Despite the observation of these modifications across the proteome by mass spectrometry-based proteomics, an orthogonal and generalizable method to visualize the C-terminal cyclic imide would enhance detection, sensitivity, and throughput of endogenous CRBN substrate characterization. Here we develop an antibody-like reagent, termed “cerebody,” for visualizing and enriching C-terminal cyclic imide-modified proteins. We describe the engineering of CRBN derivatives to produce cerebody and use it to identify CRBN substrates by Western blot and enrichment from whole cell and tissue lysates. CRBN substrates identified by cerebody enrichment are mapped, validated, and further characterized for dependence on the C-terminal cyclic imide modification. These methods will accelerate the characterization of endogenous CRBN substrates and their regulation.

2025-08-11 | PXD064890 | Pride

A method for the detection and enrichment of endogenous cereblon substrates

2025-08-11 | PXD061728 | Pride

The E3 ubiquitin ligase adaptor cereblon targets the C-terminal cyclic imide degron

Project description:The E3 ligase factor cereblon (CRBN) is a target of thalidomide and lenalidomide, which are therapeutic agents used in the treatment of hematopoietic malignancies and as ligands for targeted protein degradation. These agents are proposed to mimic a naturally occurring degron; however, the structural motif recognized by the thalidomide-binding domain of CRBN is unknown. Here, we report that C-terminal cyclic imides, post-translational modifications that arise from intramolecular cyclization of glutamine or asparagine residues, are degrons for CRBN. Dipeptides bearing the cyclic imide degron are substitutes for thalidomide when embedded within bifunctional small molecule degraders. Installation of the degron to the C-terminus of proteins induces CRBN-dependent ubiquitylation and degradation in vitro and in cells. C-Terminal cyclic imides are previously underappreciated post-translational modifications found throughout the human proteome that are endogenously recognized and removed by CRBN. The discovery of the cyclic imide degron defines a novel regulatory process controlled by these modifications, which may impact the development of therapeutic agents that engage CRBN.

2022-07-28 | PXD034248 | Pride

Treatment of MM cells with IMiDs or reducing the expression of EIF2C2 significantly affects steady-state levels of miRNAs

Project description:Lenalidomide is a therapeutically active compound that binds to E3 ubiquitin ligase recruiter cereblon (CRBN) and induces cytotoxicity. We have identified eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit C2 (EIF2C2) as a new member of CRBN-downstream binding protein that plays an important role in microRNA (miRNA) maturation and function. The treatment of immunomodulatory drug (IMiD)-sensitive multiple myeloma (MM) cells with lenalidomide altered the steady-state levels of CRBN, EIF2C2 and miRNAs and induced apoptosis. However, although the treatment of IMiD-resistant MM cells with lenalidomide altered the steady-state levels of CRBN, EIF2C2 and miRNAs, but did not massively induce apoptosis. In contrast, silencing of EIF2C2 with its small hairpin RNA significantly altered the levels of miRNAs and induced apoptosis regardless of whether those cells are sensitive or resistant to IMiDs. Therefore, EIF2C2 could be considered as a new drug target for overcoming IMiDs resistance in MM cells. To find the role of EIF2C2 in MM cell growth, OCI-My5 cell lines My5/LV and My5/CRBN, with low and high CRBN expression, respectively, were treated 12 different ways. The steady-state levels of miRNAs between (1) My5/LV, EIF2C2-shRNA-treated My5/LV and EIF2C2-cDNA-treated My5/LV cells, (2) My5/CRBN, EIF2C2-shRNA-treated My5/CRBN and EIF2C2-cDNA-treated My5/CRBN cells, (3) My5/LV cells, My5/LV cells treated with 10 ÂµM lenalidomide for 72 hours or 120 hours, and EIF2C2-cDNA-treated My5/LV cells treated with 10 ÂµM lenalidomide for 72 hours, and (4) My5/CRBN cells, My5/CRBN cells treated with 10 ÂµM lenalidomide for 72 hours or 120 hours, and EIF2C2-cDNA-treated My5/CRBN cells treated with 10 ÂµM lenalidomide for 72 hours, were compared in this array.

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The E3 ubiquitin ligase adaptor cereblon targets the C-terminal cyclic imide degron

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Discovery of a dual PROTAC for degrading WDR5 and Ikaros oncoproteins as therapeutics [RNA-Seq]

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