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A proteomics data of 30 tissues in aging female rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)

ABSTRACT: A systematic investigation of aging patterns across virtually all major tissues in non-human primates, our evolutionarily closest relatives, can provide valuable insights into tissue aging in humans, which is still elusive largely due to the difficulty in sampling. Here, we generated and analyzed multi-omics data, including transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome, from 30 tissues of 17 female rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) aged 3 to 27 years. We found that certain molecular features, such as increased inflammation, are consistent across tissues and align with findings in mice and humans. We further revealed that tissue aging in macaques is asynchronous and can be classified into two distinct types, with one type exhibiting more pronounced aging degree, likely associated with decreased mRNA translation efficiency, and predominantly contributing to whole-body aging. This work provides a comprehensive molecular landscape of aging in non-human primate tissues and links translation efficiency to tissue-specific aging.

INSTRUMENT(S):

ORGANISM(S): Macaca Mulatta (rhesus Macaque)

TISSUE(S): Heart, Brain, Lung, Liver, Colon, Adipose Tissue, Kidney

SUBMITTER: Gong-Hua Li

LAB HEAD: Qing-Peng Kong

PROVIDER: PXD066108 | Pride | 2025-11-03

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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			Action	DRS
	Adipose_FPEP191625117_X16068.raw	Raw
	Adipose_FPEP191625137_X11062.raw	Raw
	Adipose_FPEP191625346_X12372.raw	Raw
	Adipose_FPEP191625367_X92338.raw	Raw
	Adipose_FPEP191625397_X16364.raw	Raw

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Project description:BackgroundAging is a complex biological process characterized by progressive molecular alterations across multiple organ systems, significantly influencing disease susceptibility and mortality. Unraveling molecular interactions driving aging is crucial for interventions promoting healthy aging and mitigating senescence. However, the systemic mechanisms governing both inter-organ interactions and organ-specific aging trajectories remain incompletely characterized.MethodsTo investigate the molecular dynamics of aging, we conducted a systematic multi-omics analysis of 400 tissue samples collected from 10 organs (brain, heart, intestine, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, skin, spleen, and stomach) in mice at four distinct life stages: 4, 8, 12, and 20 months (from youth to elderly). Proteomic profiling was performed using data-independent acquisition (DIA) technology, while metabolomic analysis was performed in both positive and negative ion modes. Differential expression analysis of proteins and metabolites was employed to construct a comprehensive multi-organ aging dataset. ResultsProteomic profiling across ten organs at four age stages identified a total of 14,763 protein groups (PGs). Of these, 18 proteins, including Ighm, C4b, and Hpx, exhibited consistent age-related differential expression patterns across all ten organs. Functional enrichment analysis highlighted the humoral immune response as a primary driver of age-related expression changes. Additionally, this study mapped a set of age-unique proteins, such as Hp, Egf, and Arg, with distinct expression patterns in aging organs. Metabolic analysis identified 3,779 metabolites, with key aging-related metabolites such as NAD+, inosine, xanthine, and hypoxanthine showing significant expression changes across multiple organs. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed consistent alterations in purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, riboflavin metabolism, and nicotinate/nicotinamide metabolism during multi-organ aging.ConclusionsThis study provides a multi-omics atlas of multi-organ aging, revealing both intra- and inter-organ similarities and heterogeneities. These findings offer valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying geriatric health decline and serve as a foundational resource for organism-systematic early warning and targeted interventions against aging-associated pathologies.

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A proteomics data of 30 tissues in aging female rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)

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