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Proteome of Anoplocephala perfoliata elucidate lineage-specific features of a “neglected” equine tapeworm

ABSTRACT: Anoplocephala perfoliata is the most prevalent and pathogenic tapeworm (cestode) of horses worldwide, yet it remains molecularly understudied. Here, we present a chromosome-scale nuclear genome and matched proteomes for this parasite, establishing the first high-resolution molecular resource for the family Anoplocephalidae. The nuclear genome is 372.3 Mb in size and encodes 9,711 protein-coding genes, 78.2% of which were functionally annotated and ~80% supported by transcriptomic evidence. Proteomic analysis confirmed 758 proteins in previously-analysed excretory/secretory products from adult worms, including highly expressed components of the ubiquitin–proteasome system, stress response families – e.g., translationally controlled tumour protein (TCTP) and universal stress protein (USP) – and cytoskeletal scaffolds. Approximately 6.5% of the genome consisted of retroelements, predominantly LINEs. Comparative genomic analyses revealed a relatively conserved synteny with members of the family Taeniidae (Taenia multiceps, Echinococcus granulosus and E. multilocularis) and a pronounced structural divergence from Hymenolepis microstoma (Hymenolepididae), reflecting mosaic genome evolution within the order Cyclophyllidea. Classification of proteins inferred from the genome identified GTPases, kinases peptidases and secretome-associated proteins among the most abundant groups. A subset of proteins exhibited signal peptides or extracellular localisation, suggesting their role as parasite-derived proteins (PDPs) involved in host–parasite communication and immune evasion. This integrated genomic and proteomic framework reveals lineage-specific molecular adaptations in A. perfoliata and provides a foundation for future functional and translational investigations of this and closely related cestodes.

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ORGANISM(S): Anoplocephala Perfoliata

TISSUE(S): B Cell, Whole Body

DISEASE(S): Parasitic Infectious Disease

SUBMITTER: Tao Wang

LAB HEAD: Robin Beat Gasser

PROVIDER: PXD067162 | Pride | 2025-12-15

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Project description:The cestodes Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis, as the pathogens of cystic echinococcosis and alveolar echinococcosis respectively, can cause significant health problems to the host and considerable socio-economic losses as a consequence. Based on the genomic data regarding these two species available in public database recently, we carried out high-throughput mRNA and small RNA transcriptomic sequencing of them and generate enormous transcriptomic datasets. A total of 34,717,856 reads (79.79%) mapped to E. granulosus genome, and 38,882,179 reads (87.61%) mapped to E. multiloculari genome. A total of 24,550 (7,925 known and 16,625 novel transcripts) and 23,771 transcripts (8,432 known and 15,339 novel transcripts) were assembled for E. granulosus and E. multilocularis respectively, and the assembly yielded 11,330 genes (6,815 known and 4,515 novel genes) for E. granulosus and 10,101 genes (7,051 known and 3,050 novel genes) for E. multilocularis, compared with the reference genome data. Bioinformatic analysis identified 6,826 AS events from 3,774 E. granulosus genes (33.31%) and 6,644 AS events in 3,611 E. multilocularis genes (35.75%). A total of 76,674 distinct microRNAs of E. granulosus and 115,742 of E. multilocularis were also obtained from small RNA transcriptome sequencing reads. Of these, there were 20 microRNAs of E. granulosus and 22 microRNAs of E. multilocularis that belonged to 19 and 21 microRNA families common to other metazoan lineages separately. 76 and 90 novel microRNAs so far unique to E. granulosus and E. multilocularis were also identified respectively. This study represents an extensive mRNA and small RNA transcriptome dataset obtained from the deep sequencing of these two cestode species. The findings will facilitate a more fundamental understanding of cestode biology, evolution, the host-parasite interplay, and provide new insights into the pathophysiology of echinococcosis, contributing to the development of improved interventions for disease control.

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	Report.tsv	Tabular

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Proteome of Anoplocephala perfoliata elucidate lineage-specific features of a “neglected” equine tapeworm

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