Project description:Chromatin remodeling and histone modifications are important for development and floral phase transition in plants. However, it is largely unknown whether and how these two epigenetic regulators coordinately regulate the important biological processes. Here, we identified three types of ISWI chromatin remodeling complexes in Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that ARID5, a subunit of a plant-specific ISWI complex, can regulate development and floral phase transition. The ARID-PHD dual domain cassette of ARID5 recognizes both the H3K4me3 histone mark and AT-rich DNA. We determined the ternary complex structure of the ARID5 ARID-PHD cassette with an H3K4me3 peptide and an AT-containing DNA. The H3K4me3 peptide is combinatorially recognized by the PHD and ARID domains, while the DNA is specifically recognized by the ARID domain. Both PHD and ARID domains are necessary for the association of ARID5 with chromatin. The results suggest that the dual recognition of AT-rich DNA and H3K4me3 by the ARID5 ARID-PHD cassette may facilitate the association of the ISWI complex with specific chromatin regions to regulate development and floral phase transition
Project description:Chromatin remodeling and histone modifications are important for development and floral phase transition in plants. However, it is largely unknown whether and how these two epigenetic regulators coordinately regulate the important biological processes. Here, we identified three types of ISWI chromatin remodeling complexes in Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that ARID5, a subunit of a plant-specific ISWI complex, can regulate development and floral phase transition. The ARID-PHD dual domain cassette of ARID5 recognizes both the H3K4me3 histone mark and AT-rich DNA. We determined the ternary complex structure of the ARID5 ARID-PHD cassette with an H3K4me3 peptide and an AT-containing DNA. The H3K4me3 peptide is combinatorially recognized by the PHD and ARID domains, while the DNA is specifically recognized by the ARID domain. Both PHD and ARID domains are necessary for the association of ARID5 with chromatin. The results suggest that the dual recognition of AT-rich DNA and H3K4me3 by the ARID5 ARID-PHD cassette may facilitate the association of the ISWI complex with specific chromatin regions to regulate development and floral phase transition
Project description:Histone modifications regulate chromatin-dependent processes, yet the mechanisms by which they contribute to specific outcomes remain unclear. H3K4me3 is a prominent histone mark that is associated with active genes and promotes transcription through interactions with effector proteins that include initiation factor TFIID. We demonstrate that H3K4me3-TAF3 interactions direct global TFIID recruitment to active genes, some of which are p53 targets. Further analyses show that (i) H3K4me3 enhances p53-dependent transcription by stimulating preinitiation complex (PIC) formation; (ii) H3K4me3, through TAF3 interactions, can act either independently or cooperatively with the TATA box to direct PIC formation and transcription; and (iii) H3K4me3-TAF3/TFIID interactions regulate gene-selective functions of p53 in response to genotoxic stress. Our findings indicate a mechanism by which H3K4me3 directs PIC assembly for the rapid induction of specific p53 target genes Examination of genome wide binding sites of TAF3 full length protein vs TAF3 PHD domain alone (Full vs PHD), with or without M880A mutation (WT vs mut) in mouse MEF cells using HITseq method (PNAS 2010, 107:3135-3140, PMID: 20133638)
Project description:Transcription and RNA processing are tightly coupled and precisely coordinated to ensure appropriate levels of mature transcripts. The C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is phosphorylated differentially during the transcription cycle and serves as a landing pad for a variety of transcriptional regulators and RNA processing proteins. PHD finger protein 3 (PHF3) binds to the serine-2 phosphorylated Pol II CTD with its Spen Paralogue and Orthologue C-terminal (SPOC) domain and regulates transcription elongation and mRNA stability. Here we show that PHF3 binds target RNAs by recognizing a G-rich motif prone to form G-quadruplexes (G4s). Two PHF3 zinc finger domains, PHD (plant homeo domain) and TLD (TFIIS-like domain) act in concert to bind and destabilize target RNAs and their deletion in HEK293T cells causes massive deregulation of gene expression. Together these results establish PHF3 as a Pol II and an RNA-binding protein that coordinates transcription elongation with RNA decay to regulate neuronal gene expression.
Project description:Here we report the discovery of a set of potent de-novo cyclic peptides (CPs) targeting different binding sites on KDM7B. One CP (OC9) bound directly to the KDM7 PHD-finger, as supported by bio-layer interferometry (BLI), isothermal calorimetry (ITC), hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDxMS) and NMR studies, and was highly selective for KDM7s over other PHD-fingers. OC9 disrupted PHD-finger binding to H3K4me3, and allosterically modulated KDM7 demethylase activity at H3K9me2 site on peptides and histone extracts demonstrating PHD-finger targeting is as JmjC-domain targeted inhibitors, but more selective for specific KDM7 subfamily member and certain combinatorial histone PTM signatures. Proteomic analysis confirmed OC9 to selectively target KDM7 in nuclear lysates demonstrating its high affinity and selectivity against other H3K4me3 reader domains and KDMs.