Project description:To analyze the molecular function of ethanol in salt stress responses in Arabidopsis, we conducted microarray analysis using 4-day-old plants, which were treated with 0.3 % ethanol or water for 24 h, and then treated with or without 100 mM NaCl for 2 h
Project description:Soil salinity is a major environmental constraint affecting crop growth and threatening global food security. Plants adapt to salinity by optimizing performance of stomata, the microscopic sphincters inserted into the wax-covered epidermis of the shoot, which balance CO2 intake for photosynthetic carbon gain and concomitant water loss. Stomata are formed by two guard cells (GCs) that are morphologically and functionally distinct from the other leaf cells. In order to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying stomatal function under saline conditions we used proteomics approach to study isolated GCs from the salt-tolerant sugar beet species.
Project description:Purpose: We aim to reveal maize transcriptomic changes with water and salinity treatment. Methods: RNA-seq were used to reveal transcriptome of maize biological replicates with water and salinity treatment. Results: Differentially expressed transcripts were identified by the comparison of biological replicates with water and salinity treatment. Conclusions: We identified differentially expressed genes in respone to salinity treatment in maize.
Project description:Host specialization is central to the emergence of zoonotic pathogens, yet mechanisms shaping bacterial adaptation across diverse hosts remain poorly understood. Leptospira interrogans circulates among an exceptionally broad range of reservoirs, but only serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae dominates the global burden of human leptospirosis, raising fundamental questions about its ecological and pathogenic success. Here, we integrate a global genomic dataset to dissect host adaptation in L. interrogans. Population genomic analyses reveal that serogroups Icterohaemorrhagiae and Pomona dominate worldwide and display signatures of ecological specialization. These serogroups have followed distinct evolutionary trajectories that are central to host specialization, characterized by extensive divergence in membrane and signaling genes, together with the acquisition of specialized functional repertoires linked to host adaptation. Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling demonstrate that these genomic differences are coupled to distinct regulatory programs, predominantly affecting virulence and stress response. Altogether, these findings demonstrate that intraspecies heterogeneity in L. interrogans emerges from the convergence of genomic constraint, membrane remodeling and regulatory divergence, shaping host specialization and zoonotic pathogenicity.
Project description:We exploited the extraordinary ecomorphological diversity of squamates to assess brain phenotypic diversification with respect to locomotor specialization, by integrating transcriptomic data along with other methods. We reveal significant changes in cerebellar morphology as well as dynamic gene expression that all correlate with locomotor behaviours.
Project description:Strophostyles helvola is a close relative to common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and inhabits both coastal and non-coastal regions in North America. However, the mechanism of saline adaptation in S. helvola remains unclear. A transcriptome profiling would facilitate dissecting the underlying molecular mechanisms in salinity-adapted S. helvola. In this study, we reported the RNAseq analyses of two genotypes (a salt-tolerant beach genotype and a salt-sensitive inland genotype) of S. helvola stressed with salt. S. helvola plants were grown in pots and treated with half lethal-guided dose of NaCl solution for 3h, 24h, and 7d. The plants supplied with the same amount of water were used as controls. The whole roots sampled from the three time points were equally pooled as one biological replicate, and three replicates were used for library construction and transcriptome sequencing on Illumina Hiseq 2500. The comparative analyses of root transcriptomes presented here provides a valuable resource for discovery of genes and networks involved in salt tolerance in S. helvola.
Project description:Seminal fluid protein (SFP) composition is complex and commonly assumed to be rapidly divergent due to functional interactions with both sperm and the female reproductive tract (FRT), both of which evolve rapidly. In addition to sperm, seminal fluid may contain structures, such as mating plugs and spermatophores. Here, we investigate the evolutionary diversification of a lesser-known ejaculate structure: the spermatostyle, which has independently arisen in several families of beetles and true bugs. We characterized the spermatostyle proteome, in addition to spermatostyle and FRT morphology, in six species of whirligig beetles (family Gyrinidae). Spermatostyles were enriched for proteolytic enzymes, and assays confirmed they possess proteolytic activity. Sperm leucyl aminopeptidases (S-LAPs) were particularly abundant, and their localization to spermatostyles was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Although there was evidence for functional conservation of spermatostyle proteomes across species, phylogenetic regressions suggest evolutionary covariation between protein composition and the morphology of both spermatostyles and FRTs. We postulate that S-LAPs (and other proteases) have evolved a novel structural role in spermatostyles and discuss spermatostyles as adaptations for delivering male-derived materials to females.
Project description:Phenotypic and transcriptomic responses to salinity stress across genetically and geographically divergent Tigriopus californicus populations
