RNAseq highlights the role of Sirt2 in protecting neuronal cell from cisplatin-treated injury
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB36706 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ERR3892740.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR3892750.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR3892741.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR3892751.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR3892742.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:tissue culture cells were treated with an inhibitor to the deacetylase SIRT2 (AGK2) and infected with Listeria monocytogenes
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Project description:Selective and controlled expansion of endogenous b-cells has been pursued as a potential therapy for diabetes. Ideally, such therapies would preserve feedback control of b-cell proliferation to avoid excessive b-cell expansion and an increased risk of hypoglycemia. Here, we identified a regulator of b-cell proliferation whose inactivation results in controlled b-cell expansion: the protein deacetylase Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2). Sirt2 deletion in b-cells of mice increased b-cell proliferation during hyperglycemia with little effect in homeostatic conditions, indicating preservation of feedback control of b-cell mass. SIRT2 restrains proliferation of human islet b-cells cultured in glucose concentrations above the glycemic set point, demonstrating conserved SIRT2 function. Analysis of acetylated proteins in islets treated with a SIRT2 inhibitor revealed that SIRT2 deacetylates enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, dampening the adaptive increase in oxygen consumption during hyperglycemia. At the transcriptomic level, Sirt2 inactivation has context-dependent effects on b-cells, with Sirt2 controlling how b-cells interpret hyperglycemia as a stress. Finally, we provide proof-of-principle that systemic administration of a GLP1-coupled Sirt2-targeting antisense oligonucleotide achieves b-cell selective Sirt2 inactivation and stimulates b-cell proliferation under hyperglycemic conditions. Overall, these studies identify a therapeutic strategy for increasing b-cell mass in diabetes without circumventing feedback control of b-cell proliferation.
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Project description:We provide evidence for the essential role of Sirt2 in IFN mediated signaling. Our studies demonstrate that SIRT2 controls expression of key interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) that mediate important biological functions, including anti-viral and antineoplastic responses.
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Project description:BACKGROUND:Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is not only one of the most common causes of dose reduction or discontinuation of cancer treatment, but it can also permanently decrease the quality of life of cancer patients and survivors. Notably, Sirt2 protects many organs from various injuries, including diabetic peripheral neuropathy. As demonstrated previously by our laboratory and others, the overexpression of Sirt2 can improve cisplatin-induced neuropathy, although the mechanism is still unclear. RESULTS:In this study, the underlying mechanism by which Sirt2 protects neurons from cisplatin-induced injury was explored using the RNAseq technique in cultured rodent neurons. Sirt2 status was modified by genetic knockout (Sirt2/KO) and was then reconstituted in Sirt2/KO cells (Sirt2/Res). We observed 323 upregulated genes and 277 downregulated genes in Sirt2-expressing cells (Sirt2/Res) compared to Sirt2-deficient cells (Sirt2/KO). Pathway analysis suggested that Sirt2 may affect several pathways, such as MAPK, TNF, and cytokine-cytokine interaction. Furthermore, cisplatin-induced changes to the transcriptome are strongly associated with Sirt2 status. Cisplatin induced distinctive transcriptome changes for 227 genes in Sirt2-expressing cells and for 783 genes in Sirt2-deficient cells, while changes in only 138 of these genes were independent of Sirt2 status. Interestingly, changes in the p53 pathway, ECM-receptor interactions, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions were induced by cisplatin only in Sirt2-deficient cells. CONCLUSIONS:This study demonstrated that Sirt2 regulates the transcriptome in cultured rodent neuronal cells. Furthermore, Sirt2-associated transcriptome regulation may be an important mechanism underlying the role of Sirt2 in organ protection, such as in cisplatin-induced neuronal injury. Sirt2 may be a potential target for the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy.
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Project description:Metabolism is a key driver of T cell functions, and the switch from oxidative-phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis is a hallmark of T cell activation. However, the mechanisms underlying the metabolic switch remain unclear. Here, we report that the Sirtuin-2 (Sirt2) deacetylase protein functions as a metabolic checkpoint that harnesses T cell effector functions and impairs anti-tumor immunity. Specifically, upregulation of Sirt2 expression in human tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs) negatively correlates with response to Nivolumab and TIL therapy in non-small cell lung cancer. Mechanistically, Sirt2 suppresses aerobic glycolysis by deacetylating key glycolytic enzymes. Accordingly, Sirt2-deficient T cells manifest increased glycolysis, display enhanced proliferation and effector functions, and have superior anti-tumor activity. Importantly, pharmacologic inhibition of Sirt2 endows human TILs with these superior metabolic fitness and enhanced effector functions. These findings indicate Sirt2 as an actionable target for reprogramming T cell metabolism to augment a broad spectrum of cancer immunotherapies.
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Project description:Growing evidence indicates that metabolism is a key driver of T cell functions. A switch from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis is a hallmark of T cell activation and is required to meet metabolic demands of proliferation and effector functions. However, the mechanisms underlying the metabolic switch in T cells remain unclear. Here, we identify Sirt2 as a crucial immune checkpoint coordinating metabolic and functional fitness of T cells. Sirt2 is induced upon T cell activation and increases in late maturation stages. Sirt2 negatively regulates glycolysis by targeting key glycolytic enzymes. Remarkably, Sirt2 knockout T cells exhibit profound upregulation of aerobic glycolysis with enhanced proliferation and effector function and thus effectively reject tumor challenge in vivo. Furthermore, pharmacologic inhibition of Sirt2 in human tumor infiltrating lymphocytes demonstrated a similar phenotype. Taken together, our results demonstrate Sirt2 as an actionable target to reprogram T cell metabolism to augment immunotherapy.
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Project description:In order to explore the effects of SIRT2 on the liver metabolic function of mice under metabolic stress, we constructed SIRT2 knockout mice.
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Project description:Growing evidence indicates that metabolism is a key driver of T cell functions. A switch from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis is a hallmark of T cell activation and is required to meet metabolic demands of proliferation and effector functions. However, the mechanisms underlying the metabolic switch in T cells remain unclear. Here, we identify Sirt2 as a crucial immune checkpoint coordinating metabolic and functional fitness of T cells. Sirt2 is induced upon T cell activation and increases in late maturation stages. Sirt2 negatively regulates glycolysis by targeting key glycolytic enzymes. Remarkably, Sirt2 knockout T cells exhibit profound upregulation of aerobic glycolysis with enhanced proliferation and effector function and thus effectively reject tumor challenge in vivo. Furthermore, pharmacologic inhibition of Sirt2 in human tumor infiltrating lymphocytes demonstrated a similar phenotype. Taken together, our results demonstrate Sirt2 as an actionable target to reprogram T cell metabolism to augment immunotherapy.
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Project description:The T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling pathway is a highly regulated system designed to prevent autoimmunity while ensuring effective immune responses. This regulation is typically mediated through phosphorylation, dephosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Sirt2, is a cytoplasmic NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase with anti-aging and antioxidant properties. Here we reveal acetylation modulated by Sirt2 as a previously unrecognized process controlling TCR signaling. In our study, we found that the loss of Sirt2 in T cells leads to enhanced TCR signaling following T cell activation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that inhibiting Sirt2 in both murine and human tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes restores TCR responsiveness and enhances their anti-tumor activity. This suggests Sirt2 targeting as a potential therapeutic approach for reactivating exhausted T cells within the tumor microenvironment.
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Project description:Aberrant expression of IL-17A together with abated IL-2 production by effector CD4+ T cells contributes to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here we report that Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2), a member of the family of NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases, suppresses IL-2 production by CD4+ T cells while it promotes their differentiation into Th17 cells. Mechanistically, we show that SIRT2 is responsible for the deacetylation of p70S6K and the activation of the mTORC1/HIF-1α/RORγt pathway and the generation of Th17 cells differentiation. Additionally, SIRT2 is responsible for the deacetylation of c-Jun and histones on the Il-2 gene, resulting in decreased IL-2 production. We found that the transcription factor inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER), which is overexpressed in T cells from people with SLE and lupus-prone mice, binds directly to the Sirt2 promoter and promotes its transcription. AK-7, a SIRT2 inhibitor limited the ability of adoptively transferred antigen-specific CD4+ T cells to cause autoimmune encephalomyelitis and disease in the lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice. Finally, CD4+ T cells from SLE patients exhibited increased expression of SIRT2, and pharmacological inhibition of SIRT2 in primary CD4+ T cells from patients with SLE attenuated their ability to differentiate into Th17 cells and promoted IL-2–producing T cells. Collectively, these results suggest that SIRT2-mediated deacetylation is essential for the aberrant expression of IL-17A and IL-2 and that SIRT2 may be a promising molecular target for new therapies for SLE.
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