Project description:A spatial transcriptomics method was developed with the 10X Genomics Visium HD platform and a custom probe panel to study expression of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes in tissues from Mauritian-origin cynomolgus macaques. Previous scRNA sequencing studies with these macaque demonstrated a wide range of allele-specific MHC transcript levels in multiple peripheral blood mononuclear cell subsets. The restricted genetic diversity of the Mauritian macaque population made it possible to design a manageable number of custom MHC probes for this pilot study . Tissues examined included kidney, liver, lung and heart that of particular interest for transplant research. The Visium Human Transcriptome Kit v2 performed well with at least 40 different kidney cell types identified based on cell clustering with gene expression definitions in a human kidney cell atlas. In addition, higher overall transcript levels were observed for several major MHC class I alleles compared to minor alleles that tend to be expressed at low levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Project description:Self-renewal and differentiation are inherent properties of hematopoietic stem cells that are necessary to support hematopoiesis. However, the underlying mechanisms, especially in human, remain unclear. Here, using the cynomolgus macaque as a surrogate model, we develop a new gating strategy to isolate with high purity transplantable cynomolgus HSCs and generated a single-cell transcriptomic map of cynomolgus HSCs and progenitor cells, that covers the gestational period not analyzed in human. We show that hematopoietic cells from the late-1st to early-3rd trimester fetal liver and late-2nd trimester and thereafter bone marrow has repopulating potential, closely mimicking humans. Unexpectedly however, we found unlike in human, cynomolgus HSCs express CD38 but not CD33, indicating that these cellular counterparts are molecularly distinct. Our transcriptomic analysis reveals the presence of a direct differentiation pathway from HSCs to megakaryocyte lineages, lineage-primed multipotent progenitors and also identified putative HSC surface markers. Taken together, our comprehensive dataset highlights not only the utility of cynomolgus monkeys as model systems to study hematopoiesis but also their potential for translational applications.