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Gut microbiota promotes stem cell differentiation through stromal niches in early postnatal development

ABSTRACT: Gut microbiota promotes stem cell differentiation

PROVIDER: PRJEB49870 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Gut microbiota promotes stem cell differentiation through stromal niches in early postnatal development

Project description:At birth, newborns are exposed to gut microbiota, which plays a critical role in host physiology. A reduced level of microbial diversity has been associated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), one of the most deadly diseases in premature infants, but the underlying disease mechanisms are still poorly understood. Although the epithelial turnover of germ free mice is significantly delayed compared to conventionally raised mice, it remains unclear how gut microbiota exposure in the early postnatal period promotes stem cell renewal and differentiation. By analyzing genetic and experimental mouse models and performing single cell analysis, we demonstrate that gut microbiota promotes stem cell differentiation through the activation of critical stromal niche components. Our single cell analysis reveals that gut microbiota controls the size and heterogeneity of macrophage populations that secrete Wnt ligands, thereby maintaining the proliferation of intestinal telocytes, a recently identified gut mesenchymal stem cell niche. We show that stem cell differentiation, when impaired by antibiotic treatment promotes NEC, while treatment with Lactobacillus, which in NEC is dramatically less abundant, rescues NEC-like pathology through the activation of macrophage and telocyte niches. Our work highlights the mechanisms of how gut microbiota-facilitate mesenchymal niche proliferation which supports stem cell differentiation in early postnatal development.

2022-12-16 | GSE163179 | GEO

Gut microbiota promotes stem cell differentiation through stromal niches in early postnatal development

Project description:Gut microbiota promotes stem cell differentiation through stromal niches in early postnatal development

| PRJNA685148 | ENA

Proteomic profile of hippocampal growth cones through early postnatal development

Project description:During early postnatal development, hippocampal circuits are assembled through the coordinated navigation of axonal growth cones toward their synaptic targets. While growth cones are known to rely on local proteomic changes to interpret guidance cues, the developmental dynamics of their proteomic composition remain poorly understood. We performed a systematic proteomic characterization of growth cones isolated from whole Hippocampus or Dentate gyrus tissue at postnatal day (P) 1, 3, and 5 from wildtype animals. Our analysis showed that at P1 growth cones of both tissues have a common proteomic signature. While hippocampal growth cones undergo a rapid transition from exploratory to a more mature state until P5, growth cones of the Dentate Gyrus maintain their exploratory profile in the same time frame suggesting a delayed maturation. Growth cones of the Hippocampus and Dentate Gyrus are characterized by several temporally regulated proteins, reflecting their dynamicity and different developmental trajectories.

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