Project description:The transcript responses of both growing, trifoliate 6 and fully expanded, trifoliate 4 soybean leaves to elevated CO2 was investigated. We also compared the transcriptome of fully expanded vs. developing leaves in both ambient and elevated CO2. Keywords = soybean Keywords = elevated carbon dioxide Keywords = global change Keywords = leaf growth Keywords = plant Keywords: soybean leaf comparisons
Project description:The microalga Coccomyxa subellipsoidea C-169 possesses some features that may be valuable for lipid production, and, as demonstrated in this study, can be greatly induced to produce a high amount of fatty acid by CO2 supplementation. Here we have compared the transcriptome of air group (AG, cells cultured under 0.04% CO2) and CO2-supplemented group (CG, cells cultured under 2% CO2), and found that dramatic and collaborative regulation in central metabolic pathways as well as biochemical processes occured in response to CO2 supplementation. This study gains a broad understanding of how CO2 stress regulates gene expression and eventually reveals a fine-tuned strategy adopted by C-169 to sustain rapid cell growth and lipid production, which will be helpful for the implementation of biofuels production from oleaginous microalgae. Transcriptomic profiles of Coccomyxa subellipsoidea C-169 cultured for 4 days under two CO2 levels (0.04% and 2%, v/v) were generated by digital gene expression (DGE) analysis, in triplicate, using Illumina Hiseq2000.
Project description:The microalga Coccomyxa subellipsoidea C-169 possesses some features that may be valuable for lipid production, and, as demonstrated in this study, can be greatly induced to produce a high amount of fatty acid by CO2 supplementation. Here we have compared the transcriptome of air group (AG, cells cultured under 0.04% CO2) and CO2-supplemented group (CG, cells cultured under 2% CO2), and found that dramatic and collaborative regulation in central metabolic pathways as well as biochemical processes occured in response to CO2 supplementation. This study gains a broad understanding of how CO2 stress regulates gene expression and eventually reveals a fine-tuned strategy adopted by C-169 to sustain rapid cell growth and lipid production, which will be helpful for the implementation of biofuels production from oleaginous microalgae.
Project description:This work aims to study wether the increment of the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, in the context of climate change, will potentially allow plants to better face ammonium nutrition. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants were grown for 4 week with 15 mM of nitrogen, supplied as nitrate or ammonium, in conditions of ambient (aCO2, 400 ppm) or elevated CO2 (eCO2, 800 ppm) atmosphere. Transcription profiling by array was carried out in leavesfor the four growth conditions assayed and gene expression comparisons were done between N sources and CO2 conditions: i) genes differentially expressed in response to the atmospheric CO2 concentration (eCO2 vs aCO2) under nitrate or ammonium nutrition; ii) genes differentially expressed in response to the N source (ammonium vs nitrate) at aCO2 or eCO2. 3 biological replicates for each growth condition were analysed.
Project description:Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis is an economic seaweed. It can play critical role in carbon dioxide removal in aquaculture. In this study, we presented physiological and transcriptomic methods to analyzed the response of G. lemaneiformis to high CO2 concentration, especially the carbon fixation and secretion.
Project description:We were awarded a BBSRC grant about a year ago to undertake some affymetrix gene chip profiling of light and CO2 systemic signalling in Arabidopsis. The design of the proposed experiment is given below and the appropriate funding has been provided by the BBSRC. The aim of the project is to identify the temporal profile of those genes that respond to light and CO2 systemic signals in developing leaves. Moreover, as thes two signals have opposing effects on leaf development to ascertain whether they involve similar or parallel signalling pathways. The experiment is to examine the effect of exposing mature leaves to high CO2 or low light or both on the gene expression profile of developing leaves. We already have data for maize that changes in gene expression profile occur within 4h and that there are a variety of temporal responses that differ between individual gene transcripts. We have also demonstrated that Arabidopsis leaf development is altered by these systemmic signals and that lesions in the jasmonate and ethylene signalling pathways block these responses. Our experimental design is shown below: We have 4 treatments and 7 timepoints. (0, 2, 4, 12, 24, 48, 96 h) We would sample from 5 individual plants that would be pooled for each RNA preparation. This would require 28 chips and this would include extra replication of the 0 time-point control (deemed by many as nessary). Experimental details: All plants were germinated for 7 days under the following conditions: Humax multi-purpose compost, ambient carbon dioxide (370 ppm) and ambient light (250 µmol/m/s), constant temperature of 20°C and a 10 h photoperiod (8 am until 6 pm). After a week the the seedlings were potted up into 104-cell plug trays for a further 2 weeks and then potted up into 10 cm pots and the bottom part of the signalling cuvette system attached (see Lake et al., Nature 10th May 2001 Vol. 411, pp 154). Twenty four, 4 week old plants, then had the top part of the signalling system attached, trapping leaf insertions 5-13. Humidified, ambient air was passed through them at 500 mls/min via an oil-free air compressor. The three target leaves (19-21) were then marked with non-toxic, acrylic paint. After a 24 h period (the plants were sealed into the cuvettes from 10 am until 10am) of adjustment, the experiment was started by harvesting the target leaves from 4 plants and immediately freezing the tissue in liquid nitrogen to give the 0 h sample before RNA extraction. The remaining 20 plants were divided into 4 groups of five and given one of the following treatments: Ambient carbon dioxide/ambient light (Control) (A) Elevated carbon dioxide (750 ppm)/ambient light (E) Ambient carbon dioxide/low light (50 µmol/m/s) (AS) Elevated carbon dioxide/low light (ES) - For the Elevated CO2, elevated CO2 was pumped in using a CT room next door set to same temperature but with a CO2 cylinder inside and the same pump as used in the ambient room to supply the elevated CO2 laden, humidified air into the signalling room using rubber tubing. - Shade treatment consisted of neutral density filter (Cat. 210 0.6ND, Lee Filters) that had a hole cut in the middle to allow the middle developing leaves to grow through. A timecourse of 2, 4, 12, 24, 48 and 96 h were carried out each using a batch of 24 plants. This whole process was repeated with another batch of 24 plants at the same developmental stage to give a 2, 4, 12, 24, 48 and 96 hour sample from each of the four treatments. The whole timecourse was then repeated 4 times. For the mature leaves: We had 8 chips left over so we devised this little experiment to assess the gene changes that were occurring in the enclosed, treated, mature leaves that were signalling the environment to the young developing leaves. Experimenter name = Simon Coupe Experimenter phone = 0114 222 4115 Experimenter fax = 0114 222 0002 Experimenter institute = University of Sheffield Experimenter address = Animal and Plant Sciences Experimenter address = University of Sheffield Experimenter address = Western Bank Experimenter address = Sheffield Experimenter zip/postal_code = S10 2TN Experimenter country = UK Keywords: development_or_differentiation_design; growth_condition_design
Project description:We were awarded a BBSRC grant about a year ago to undertake some affymetrix gene chip profiling of light and CO2 systemic signalling in Arabidopsis. The design of the proposed experiment is given below and the appropriate funding has been provided by the BBSRC. The aim of the project is to identify the temporal profile of those genes that respond to light and CO2 systemic signals in developing leaves. Moreover, as thes two signals have opposing effects on leaf development to ascertain whether they involve similar or parallel signalling pathways. The experiment is to examine the effect of exposing mature leaves to high CO2 or low light or both on the gene expression profile of developing leaves. We already have data for maize that changes in gene expression profile occur within 4h and that there are a variety of temporal responses that differ between individual gene transcripts. We have also demonstrated that Arabidopsis leaf development is altered by these systemmic signals and that lesions in the jasmonate and ethylene signalling pathways block these responses. Our experimental design is shown below: We have 4 treatments and 7 timepoints. (0, 2, 4, 12, 24, 48, 96 h) We would sample from 5 individual plants that would be pooled for each RNA preparation. This would require 28 chips and this would include extra replication of the 0 time-point control (deemed by many as nessary). Experimental details: All plants were germinated for 7 days under the following conditions: Humax multi-purpose compost, ambient carbon dioxide (370 ppm) and ambient light (250 µmol/m/s), constant temperature of 20°C and a 10 h photoperiod (8 am until 6 pm). After a week the the seedlings were potted up into 104-cell plug trays for a further 2 weeks and then potted up into 10 cm pots and the bottom part of the signalling cuvette system attached (see Lake et al., Nature 10th May 2001 Vol. 411, pp 154). Twenty four, 4 week old plants, then had the top part of the signalling system attached, trapping leaf insertions 5-13. Humidified, ambient air was passed through them at 500 mls/min via an oil-free air compressor. The three target leaves (19-21) were then marked with non-toxic, acrylic paint. After a 24 h period (the plants were sealed into the cuvettes from 10 am until 10am) of adjustment, the experiment was started by harvesting the target leaves from 4 plants and immediately freezing the tissue in liquid nitrogen to give the 0 h sample before RNA extraction. The remaining 20 plants were divided into 4 groups of five and given one of the following treatments: Ambient carbon dioxide/ambient light (Control) (A) Elevated carbon dioxide (750 ppm)/ambient light (E) Ambient carbon dioxide/low light (50 µmol/m/s) (AS) Elevated carbon dioxide/low light (ES) - For the Elevated CO2, elevated CO2 was pumped in using a CT room next door set to same temperature but with a CO2 cylinder inside and the same pump as used in the ambient room to supply the elevated CO2 laden, humidified air into the signalling room using rubber tubing. - Shade treatment consisted of neutral density filter (Cat. 210 0.6ND, Lee Filters) that had a hole cut in the middle to allow the middle developing leaves to grow through. A timecourse of 2, 4, 12, 24, 48 and 96 h were carried out each using a batch of 24 plants. This whole process was repeated with another batch of 24 plants at the same developmental stage to give a 2, 4, 12, 24, 48 and 96 hour sample from each of the four treatments. The whole timecourse was then repeated 4 times. For the mature leaves: We had 8 chips left over so we devised this little experiment to assess the gene changes that were occurring in the enclosed, treated, mature leaves that were signalling the environment to the young developing leaves. Experimenter name = Simon Coupe Experimenter phone = 0114 222 4115 Experimenter fax = 0114 222 0002 Experimenter institute = University of Sheffield Experimenter address = Animal and Plant Sciences Experimenter address = University of Sheffield Experimenter address = Western Bank Experimenter address = Sheffield Experimenter zip/postal_code = S10 2TN Experimenter country = UK Keywords: development_or_differentiation_design; growth_condition_design
Project description:We were awarded a BBSRC grant about a year ago to undertake some affymetrix gene chip profiling of light and CO2 systemic signalling in Arabidopsis. The design of the proposed experiment is given below and the appropriate funding has been provided by the BBSRC. The aim of the project is to identify the temporal profile of those genes that respond to light and CO2 systemic signals in developing leaves. Moreover, as thes two signals have opposing effects on leaf development to ascertain whether they involve similar or parallel signalling pathways. The experiment is to examine the effect of exposing mature leaves to high CO2 or low light or both on the gene expression profile of developing leaves. We already have data for maize that changes in gene expression profile occur within 4h and that there are a variety of temporal responses that differ between individual gene transcripts. We have also demonstrated that Arabidopsis leaf development is altered by these systemmic signals and that lesions in the jasmonate and ethylene signalling pathways block these responses. Our experimental design is shown below: We have 4 treatments and 7 timepoints. (0, 2, 4, 12, 24, 48, 96 h) We would sample from 5 individual plants that would be pooled for each RNA preparation. This would require 28 chips and this would include extra replication of the 0 time-point control (deemed by many as nessary). Experimental details: All plants were germinated for 7 days under the following conditions: Humax multi-purpose compost, ambient carbon dioxide (370 ppm) and ambient light (250 µmol/m/s), constant temperature of 20°C and a 10 h photoperiod (8 am until 6 pm). After a week the the seedlings were potted up into 104-cell plug trays for a further 2 weeks and then potted up into 10 cm pots and the bottom part of the signalling cuvette system attached (see Lake et al., Nature 10th May 2001 Vol. 411, pp 154). Twenty four, 4 week old plants, then had the top part of the signalling system attached, trapping leaf insertions 5-13. Humidified, ambient air was passed through them at 500 mls/min via an oil-free air compressor. The three target leaves (19-21) were then marked with non-toxic, acrylic paint. After a 24 h period (the plants were sealed into the cuvettes from 10 am until 10am) of adjustment, the experiment was started by harvesting the target leaves from 4 plants and immediately freezing the tissue in liquid nitrogen to give the 0 h sample before RNA extraction. The remaining 20 plants were divided into 4 groups of five and given one of the following treatments: Ambient carbon dioxide/ambient light (Control) (A) Elevated carbon dioxide (750 ppm)/ambient light (E) Ambient carbon dioxide/low light (50 µmol/m/s) (AS) Elevated carbon dioxide/low light (ES) - For the Elevated CO2, elevated CO2 was pumped in using a CT room next door set to same temperature but with a CO2 cylinder inside and the same pump as used in the ambient room to supply the elevated CO2 laden, humidified air into the signalling room using rubber tubing. - Shade treatment consisted of neutral density filter (Cat. 210 0.6ND, Lee Filters) that had a hole cut in the middle to allow the middle developing leaves to grow through. A timecourse of 2, 4, 12, 24, 48 and 96 h were carried out each using a batch of 24 plants. This whole process was repeated with another batch of 24 plants at the same developmental stage to give a 2, 4, 12, 24, 48 and 96 hour sample from each of the four treatments. The whole timecourse was then repeated 4 times. For the mature leaves: We had 8 chips left over so we devised this little experiment to assess the gene changes that were occurring in the enclosed, treated, mature leaves that were signalling the environment to the young developing leaves. Experimenter name = Simon Coupe Experimenter phone = 0114 222 4115 Experimenter fax = 0114 222 0002 Experimenter institute = University of Sheffield Experimenter address = Animal and Plant Sciences Experimenter address = University of Sheffield Experimenter address = Western Bank Experimenter address = Sheffield Experimenter zip/postal_code = S10 2TN Experimenter country = UK Keywords: development_or_differentiation_design; growth_condition_design
Project description:Using data from acorns produced by mature oak trees in the eighth year of elevated CO2 (eCO₂), we present evidence that similar effects occur in long-established forests, with negative consequences for seed quality, that impact herbivore nutrition and health. The analysis of acorns from the near-200-year-old oak trees at the Free Air Carbon dioxide (FACE) facility at the Birmingham Institute for Forest Research (BIFoR) revealed that growth under eCO₂ increased the phytate content but decreased the protein content of acorns. Additionally the analysis of protin profiles showed significant differnves in protein abundances in both typoe of samples.