Plasmid Characterisation in Clinical Isolates in Kilimanjaro
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB53343 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Plasmids are extrachromosomal genetic elements commonly found in bacteria. Plasmids are known to fuel bacterial evolution through horizontal gene transfer (HGT), but recent analyses indicate that they can also promote intragenomic adaptations. However, the role of plasmids as catalysts of bacterial evolution beyond HGT remains poorly explored. In this study, we investigate the impact of a widespread conjugative plasmid, pOXA-48, on the evolution of various multidrug-resistant clinical enterobacteria. Combining experimental and within-patient evolution analyses, we unveil that plasmid pOXA-48 promotes bacterial evolution through the transposition of plasmid-encoded IS1 elements. Specifically, IS1-mediated gene inactivations expedite the adaptation rate of clinical strains in vitro and foster within-patient adaptation in the gut. We decipher the mechanism underlying the plasmid-mediated surge in IS1 transposition, revealing a negative feedback loop regulated by the genomic copy number of IS1. Given the overrepresentation of IS elements in bacterial plasmids, our findings propose that plasmid-mediated IS transposition represents a crucial mechanism for swift bacterial adaptation.
2024-07-16 | GSE255663 | GEO
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC6287189 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Genome wide transcriptome analyses could reveal whether parasites causing severe malarial disease express different genes to those causing uncomplicated malaria. This knowledge could inform therapy and vaccine design targeting severe disease. Venous samples were collected from patients with severe (n=23) and uncomplicated (n=21) malaria attending a healthcare facility in Timika, Papua Province, Indonesia. This area has unstable malaria transmission with estimated annual parasite incidence of 450 per 1000 population and symptomatic illness in all ages. Severe malaria was defined as peripheral parasitaemia with at least one modified World Health Organization (WHO) criterion of severity. Erythrocytes were immediately isolated from whole blood, solubilised in RNA preservative and frozen. Libraries were 100 bp paired end sequenced on a 2500-HT Hiseq (Illumina) using RapidRun chemistry (Illumina).
2018-02-08 | E-MTAB-5860 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Conjugative plasmids are the main vehicle for the horizontal spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Although AMR plasmids provide advantages to their hosts under antibiotic pressure, they can also disrupt the cell’s regulatory network, impacting the fitness of their hosts. Despite the importance of plasmid-bacteria interactions on the evolution of AMR, the effects of plasmid carriage on host physiology has remained underexplored, and most studies have focused on model bacteria and plasmids that lack clinical relevance. Here, we analyzed the transcriptional response of 11 clinical enterobacterial strains (2 Escherichia coli, 1 Citrobacter freundii and 8 Klebsiella spp.) and the laboratory-adapted E. coli MG1655 to carriage of pOXA-48, one of the most widely spread carbapenem-resistance plasmids. Our analyses revealed that pOXA-48 produces variable responses on their hosts, but commonly affects processes related to metabolism, transport, response to stimulus, cellular organization and motility. More notably, the presence of pOXA-48 caused an increase in the expression of a small chromosomal operon of unknown function in Klebsiella spp. and C. freundii, which is not present in E. coli. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that this operon has been horizontally mobilized across different Proteobacteria species. We demonstrate that a pOXA-48-encoded LysR transcriptional regulator controls the expression of the operon in Klebsiella spp. and C. freundii. In summary, our results highlight a crosstalk between pOXA-48 and the chromosome of its natural hosts.
2024-07-16 | GSE269852 | GEO
Project description:<p>Gut environments harbour dense microbial ecosystems in which plasmids are widely distributed. Plasmids facilitate the exchange of genetic material among microorganisms while enabling the transfer of a diverse array of accessory functions. However, their precise impact on microbial community composition and function remains largely unexplored. Here we identify a prevalent bacterial toxin and a plasmid-encoded resistance mechanism that mediates the interaction between Lactobacilli and Enterococci. This plasmid is widespread across ecosystems, including the rumen and human gut microbiota. Biochemical characterization of the plasmid revealed a defence mechanism against reuterin, a toxin produced by various gut microbes, such as Limosilactobacillus reuteri. Using a targeted metabolomic approach, we find reuterin to be prevalent across rumen ecosystems with impacts on microbial community structure. Enterococcus strains carrying the protective plasmid were isolated and their interactions with L. reuteri, the toxin producer, were studied in vitro. Interestingly, we found that by conferring resistance against reuterin, the plasmid mediates metabolic exchange between the defending and the attacking microbial species, resulting in a beneficial relationship or mutualism. Hence, we reveal here an ecological role for a plasmid-coded defence system in mediating a beneficial interaction. </p>
2023-08-10 | MTBLS7248 | MetaboLights
Project description:Plasmids are widely used across molecular biology and are becoming increasingly valuable products, but robust plasmid replication is held back by stability issues in the host. This study investigated how Escherichia coli responds to plasmid stress at the transcriptional level by modulating plasmid copy number, plasmid size, selection marker and carbon source. This GEO contains controls from this study alone.
2025-06-04 | GSE298911 | GEO
Project description:This experiment aimed to characterise transcriptomes of plasmid-based mouse models of liver cancer, hepatotoxin-induced chronic liver injury and the combination thereof. In detail, C57BL/6JAusb mice received hydrodynamic tail vein injection (HTVI) of plasmids encoding Sleeping Beauty transposase (SB), alone or in combination with transposon plasmids encoding myristylated AKT1 (AKT), c-Met and NRasV12 (NRas), previously characterised by Ho et al. (2012) (Hepatology 55(3):833-45) and Hu et al. (2016) (Sci Rep 6:20484). 8-10 days post-HTVI, mice began biweekly intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of saline or the hepatotoxin thioacetamide (TAA), 10-11 doses.
2023-05-31 | GSE174074 | GEO