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Adaptation of the porcine pituitary transcriptome, spliceosome and editome during early pregnancy

ABSTRACT: Analysis of the differences in transcriptomic profiles and the alternative transcriptional regulation pathways in the domestic pig's (Sus scrofa f. domestica L. 1758) anterior pituitary in the mid-luteal phase of oestrous cycle and embyo implantation

PROVIDER: PRJEB56673 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	ERR10368082_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR10368082_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR10368083_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR10368083_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR10368084_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Project description:Background: The anterior pituitary plays a crucial role in endocrine regulation and homeostasis by orchestrating hormonal signaling, cellular growth, and functional adaptations. Adipokines regulate hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis influencing hormone secretion and cellular processes. Omentin-1, an adipokine primarily expressed in visceral adipose tissue, is involved in metabolic and reproductive functions. However, its role in pituitary remains unknown. We hypothesize that omentin-1 modulates protein abundance in pituitary cells. This study aimed to investigate role of omentin-1 in regulating key pathways in anterior pituitary cells of pigs with different metabolic statuses: normal-weight Large White pigs and genetically obese Meishan pigs. Results: High-throughput proteomic analysis of porcine anterior pituitary cells exposed to omentin-1 revealed 230 differentially abundant proteins (30 downregulated and 3 upregulated in Large White pigs, as well as 107 downregulated and 90 upregulated in Meishan pigs), associated with 116 gene ontology terms. The most significantly altered proteins were associated with cell cycle and DNA replication, gene expression regulation and posttranscriptional/posttranslational modifications. Apoptotic and proliferative mechanisms varied between breeds, suggesting different metabolic adaptation strategies. In Large White pigs, CDK5RAP2 and SIX1 played a key role in transcriptional and proliferative regulation, whereas in Meishan pigs, stronger proliferative control was linked to AKT1S1 and RHOA. Moreover, Meishan pigs demonstrated a more dynamic regulation of apoptotic pathways (HTRA2, PARP2, DFFA), which may promote greater metabolic plasticity and better adaptation to physiological fluctuations. Additional in vitro experiments in Large White pigs showed that omentin-1 influenced key proliferative and apoptotic markers, downregulating cyclins D1, E1, A2, and B1, as well as caspase-3, while upregulating the anti-apoptotic protein BCL2, leading to an increased BCL2/BAX ratio. Further, omentin-1 modulated phosphorylation of selected kinases, including ERK1/2, AKT, AMPKα, and STAT3, in a time-dependent manner. It is also increased insulin receptor expression and promoted packaging and transport of secretory proteins. Conclusions: Proteomic and functional analyses revealed that omentin-1 regardless of breed exerts anti-proliferative and anti-apoptotic effects on porcine anterior pituitary cells, modulating key signaling pathways. These findings highlight that omentin-1 is a potential metabolic regulator influencing anterior pituitary function.

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Adaptation of the porcine pituitary transcriptome, spliceosome and editome during early pregnancy

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