Project description:In the present study we analyzed centromeric localization on chromosome 11 in different horses and results showed that each individual exhibits a different arrangement of CENP-A binding domains.
Project description:Investigating genome-wide characteristics of CNVs in 6 horses representing 6 distinct breeds by using the aCGH method and performed GO and KEGG analysis for the CNVs genes.This result is an important complement to the mapping of horse whole-genome CNVs and helpful to study plateau horses’ adaption to the plateau’s environment.
Project description:Hominin relationships and their dispersal throughout Eurasia during the Early and Middle Pleistocene are highly debated. The relationships between Early and Middle Pleistocene hominins, like Homo antecessor and Homo erectus, and hominin species that dominate the Late Pleistocene fossil record, like Homo sapiens, Neanderthals and Denisovans, are unclear. Here, we obtain enamel proteomes from Homo antecessor (Atapuerca, Spain) and Homo erectus (Dmanisi, Georgia), two key fossil assemblages that have a central role in models of Pleistocene hominin morphology, dispersal, and divergence. We recover endogenous ancient proteomes from the Atapuerca and Dmanisi hominins. In addition, our proteomic data indicates that the sampled Homo antecessor molar derives from a male hominin through amelogenin protein sexing. Our data includes preserved in vivo phosphorylation and enamel proteome proteolytic digestion.
Project description:The mammalian testis is a highly heterogeneous tissue with a vast array of functional and regulatory RNA molecules that participate in the timely control of the spermatogenesis. This process remains largely unexplored in stallions. We utilized transcriptomic analysis to explore gene expression across various stages of testicular development in horses, from infancy to adulthood, including sperm. The analysis aimed to explore the regulatory networks involving messenger RNAs (mRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs). High-throughout RNA sequencing revealed dynamic changes in gene expression. The study identified key genes complex interactions between mRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs and miRNAs, and biological pathways associated with each developmental stage that drive the spermatogenesis in stallions and provide new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of horse testis spermatogenesis. This could aid in the improvement of the reproductive health and fertility management in horses.
Project description:38 horses from 16 diverse breeds and Przewalski's Horse were used to generate a composite CNV map of equine genome. This map was used to detect novel copy number variation in six horses affected with disorder of sexual development (DSD).
Project description:The bacterium Yersinia pestis causes bubonic plague. In Central Asia, where human plague is still reported regularly, the bacterium is common in natural populations of great gerbils. By using field data from 1949-1995 and previously undescribed statistical techniques, we show that Y. pestis prevalence in gerbils increases with warmer springs and wetter summers: A 1 degrees C increase in spring is predicted to lead to a >50% increase in prevalence. Climatic conditions favoring plague apparently existed in this region at the onset of the Black Death as well as when the most recent plague pandemic arose in the same region, and they are expected to continue or become more favorable as a result of climate change. Threats of outbreaks may thus be increasing where humans live in close contact with rodents and fleas (or other wildlife) harboring endemic plague.
Project description:The mammalian testis is a highly heterogeneous tissue with a vast array of functional and regulatory RNA molecules that participate in the timely control of the spermatogenesis. This process remains largely unexplored in stallions. We utilized transcriptomic analysis to explore gene expression across various stages of testicular development in horses, from infancy to adulthood, including sperm. The analysis aimed to explore the regulatory networks involving messenger RNAs (mRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs). High-throughout RNA sequencing revealed dynamic changes in gene expression. The study identified key genes complex interactions between mRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs and miRNAs, and biological pathways associated with each developmental stage that drive the spermatogenesis in stallions and provide new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of horse testis spermatogenesis. This could aid in the improvement of the reproductive health and fertility management in horses.