Project description:Analyses of new genomic, transcriptomic or proteomic data commonly result in trashing many unidentified data escaping the ‘canonical’ DNA-RNA-protein scheme. Testing systematic exchanges of nucleotides over long stretches produces inversed RNA pieces (here named “swinger” RNA) differing from their template DNA. These may explain some trashed data. Here analyses of genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic data of the pathogenic Tropheryma whipplei according to canonical genomic, transcriptomic and translational 'rules' resulted in trashing 58.9% of DNA, 37.7% RNA and about 85% of mass spectra (corresponding to peptides). In the trash, we found numerous DNA/RNA fragments compatible with “swinger” polymerization. Genomic sequences covered by «swinger» DNA and RNA are 3X more frequent than expected by chance and explained 12.4 and 20.8% of the rejected DNA and RNA sequences, respectively. As for peptides, several match with “swinger” RNAs, including some chimera, translated from both regular, and «swinger» transcripts, notably for ribosomal RNAs. Congruence of DNA, RNA and peptides resulting from the same swinging process suggest that systematic nucleotide exchanges increase coding potential, and may add to evolutionary diversification of bacterial populations.
Project description:NO-CUT is a one-stage phase II trial seeking to establish whether an oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy preceding standard neo-adjuvant fluoropyrimidines-based chemo radiotherapy, can safely spare demolitive surgical intervention in patients with operable rectal cancer, without increasing the risk of distant relapse. The trial also has a translational component aimed at establishing whether selected genomic, epigenetic, and transcriptomic markers are predictive of tumor and patient outcome.
Project description:The purpose of this study is the investigation of new host-microbiome interactions promoting adenoma formation and adenocarcinoma progression. For that purpose, the investigators will collect saliva, stool and colon biopsy specimens from patients referred to colonoscopy or surgical resection of colorectal tumor. Besides, a questionnaire about diet, lifestyle and medical history will be collected. Sample analysis will involve simultaneous characterization of host and microbiota genomic and transcriptomic components.
Project description:Manufacturing adulteration is the major cause of discrepancies between the declared and actual composition of food products. The use of high-throughput sequencing of DNA barcodes is a promising method to identify adulterants, but is not yet widely used in practice. Food pre-processing and differences in GC composition can lead to unequal amplification or complete loss of DNA barcode components, so the results of genomic analysis require an independent confirmation method. Perhaps the most promising way to increase the accuracy of food ingredient identification is to use an orthogonal method based on very different physical principles than DNA sequencing, which involves the analysis of other plant cell components, to verify the results of HTS analysis. In this work, we decided to evaluate the suitability of a multi-omic approach, including coupled DNA barcode HTS analysis and proteomic analysis, to estimate food fraud in herbal beverages. To resolve disputed discordant results obtained during genomic and proteomic investigation of samples, we used traditional botanical morphology method. Among the samples studied, the combined approach revealed two adulterations of Epilobium with Lythrum, which could be dangerous for the unsuspecting consumer.