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Rhizobacteria prime the activation of defence and nutritional responses to suppress aphid populations on barley

ABSTRACT: Rhizobacteria and aphid induced barley defences

PROVIDER: PRJEB90049 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	ERR15092700_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR15092700_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR15092701_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR15092701_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR15092702_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Barley transcriptome analyses upon interaction with different aphid species identifies thionins contributing to resistance

Project description:Aphids are phloem-feeding insects that cause yield loss on a wide range of crops, including cereals such as barley. While most aphid species are limited to one or few host species, some are able to reproduce on many plants belonging to different families. Interestingly, aphid probing-behaviour can be observed on both host and non-host species indicating that interactions take place at the molecular level that may impact host range. Here, we aimed to gain insight into the interaction of barley with aphid species differing in their ability to infest this crop by analysing transcriptional responses. First, we determined colonization efficiency, settlement, and probing behaviour for the aphid species Rhopalosiphum padi, Myzus persicae and Myzus cerasi, which defined host, poor-host and non-host interactions, respectively. Analyses of barley transcriptional responses revealed gene sets differentially regulated upon the different barley-aphid interactions and showed that the poor-host interaction with M. persicae resulted in the strongest deregulation of genes. Interestingly, we identified several thionin genes strongly up-regulated upon interaction with M. persicae, and to a lesser extend upon R. padi interaction. Ectopic expression of two of these genes in Nicotiana benthamiana reduced host susceptibility to M. persicae, indicating thionins contribute to defences against aphids.

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Characterization of Arabidopsis transcriptome responses to different aphid species reveals genes that contribute to host susceptibility and nonhost resistance

Project description:Background: Aphids are economically important pests and that display exceptional variation in host range. The underlying mechanism of diverse aphid host ranges are not well understood, but it is likely that molecular interactions are involved. With significant progress being made towards understanding host responses upon aphid attack, the mechanisms underlying nonhost resistance remain to be elucidated. Here, we investigated and compared Arabidopsis host and nonhost responses to aphids at the transcriptome level using three different aphid species. Results: Gene expression analyses revealed a surprising level of overlap in the overall gene expression changes during host and nonhost interactions with regards to the sets of genes differentially expressed and the direction of expression changes. Despite the overlap in transcriptional responses across interactions, there was a stronger repression of genes involved in metabolism and oxidative responses specifically during the host interaction. In addition we indentified a set of genes with opposite gene expression patterns during host versus nonhost interactions. Aphid performance assays on Arabidopsis mutants selected based on our transcriptome analyses identified genes involved in host and nonhost interactions. Conclusions: Understanding how plants respond to aphid species that differ in their ability to infest plant species, and identifying the genes and signaling pathways involved, is essential for the development of novel and durable aphid control in crop plants. Our work is an important step forward to provide such essential insights in that we identified novel genes contributing to host susceptibility, host defences as well nonhost resistance to aphids.

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An aphid effector promotes barley susceptibility through suppression of defence gene expression.

Project description:Aphids secrete diverse repertoires of effectors into their hosts to promote the infestation process. While 'omics' approaches facilitated the identification and comparison of effector repertoires from a number of aphid species, the functional characterization of these proteins has been limited to dicot (model) plants. The bird cherry-oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi is a pest of cereal crops, including barley. Here, we extend efforts to characterize aphid effectors with regard to their role in promoting susceptibility to the R. padi-barley interaction. We selected three R. padi effectors based on sequence similarity to previously characterized Myzus persicae effectors and assessed their subcellular localization, expression, and role in promoting plant susceptibility. Expression of R. padi effectors RpC002 and Rp1 in transgenic barley lines enhanced plant susceptibility to R. padi but not M. persicae, for which barley is a poor host. Characterization of Rp1 transgenic barley lines revealed reduced gene expression of plant hormone signalling genes relevant to plant-aphid interactions, indicating that this effector enhances susceptibility by suppressing plant defences in barley. Our data suggest that some aphid effectors specifically function when expressed in host species, and feature activities that benefit their corresponding aphid species.

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