Project description:Overexpression of SSZ1 suppresses temperature sensitivity phenotype of yeasts indicating its novel function to maintain cellular robustness
Project description:Rsp5 is an essential and multi-functional E3 ubiquitin ligase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We previously isolated the Ala401Glu rsp5 mutant, which is hypersensitive to various stresses. To understand the function of Rsp5 in stress responses, suppressor genes whose overexpression allows rsp5A401E cells to grow at high temperature were screened. The KIN28 and POG1 genes, encoding a subunit of the transcription factor TFIIH and a putative transcriptional activator, respectively, were identified as multicopy suppressors of not only high temperature but also LiCl stresses. The overexpression of Kin28 and Pog1 in rsp5A401E cells caused an increase in the transcriptional level of some stress proteins when exposed to temperature up-shift. DNA microarray analysis under LiCl stress revealed that the transcriptional level of some proteasome components was increased in rsp5A401E cells overexpressing Kin28 or Pog1. These results suggest that the overexpression of Kin28 and Pog1 enhances the protein refolding and degradation pathways in rsp5A401E cells. Keywords: mutant analysis, stress response
Project description:Rsp5 is an essential and multi-functional E3 ubiquitin ligase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We previously isolated the Ala401Glu rsp5 mutant, which is hypersensitive to various stresses. To understand the function of Rsp5 in stress responses, suppressor genes whose overexpression allows rsp5A401E cells to grow at high temperature were screened. The KIN28 and POG1 genes, encoding a subunit of the transcription factor TFIIH and a putative transcriptional activator, respectively, were identified as multicopy suppressors of not only high temperature but also LiCl stresses. The overexpression of Kin28 and Pog1 in rsp5A401E cells caused an increase in the transcriptional level of some stress proteins when exposed to temperature up-shift. DNA microarray analysis under LiCl stress revealed that the transcriptional level of some proteasome components was increased in rsp5A401E cells overexpressing Kin28 or Pog1. These results suggest that the overexpression of Kin28 and Pog1 enhances the protein refolding and degradation pathways in rsp5A401E cells. Experiment Overall Design: Total RNA from S. cerevisiae was isolated by the method of Köhrer and Domdey (1991). Poly A mRNA was enriched from total RNA by Oligotex dT30 mRNA purification kit (Takara Bio). The Affimetrix yeast genome S98 arrays (YGS98 GeneChip, Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA) were used as DNA microarray in this study. The biotinyated cRNA (15 μg) probe was hybridized to DNA microarray at 45°C for 18 h according to Affymetrix userâs manual. Experiment Overall Design: The washing and staining of arrays were performed using the GeneChip Fluidics Station 400. Experiment Overall Design: The scanning of arrays was carried out using the GeneArray scanner (Agilent technologies, Palto Alto, CA).
Project description:Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) are essential enzymes that ligate amino acids to tRNAs, and often require editing to ensure accurate protein synthesis. Recessive mutations in aaRSs cause various neurological disorders in humans, yet the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Pathogenic aaRS mutations frequently cause protein destabilization and aminoacylation deficiency. In this study, we report that combined aminoacylation and editing defects cause severe proteotoxicity. We show that a C268A mutation in yeast threonyl-tRNA synthetase (ThrRS) abolishes editing and causes heat sensitivity. Surprisingly, directed-evolution of the C268A mutant result in intragenic mutations that restore heat resistance but not editing. C268A destabilizes ThrRS and decreases overall Thr-tRNAThr synthesis, and the suppressor mutations in the evolved strains improve aminoacylation. We further show that deficiency in ThrRS aminoacylation or editing alone is not sufficient to cause heat sensitivity, and that C268A impairs ribosome-associated quality control. Our results suggest that aminoacylation deficiency predisposes cells to proteotoxic stress.
Project description:The metabolic engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to abolish the Crabtree effect via a pyruvate dehydrogenase bypass has enabled growth in minimal medium with glucose as the sole carbon source, although at a low growth rate. Adaptive laboratory evolution of the engineered strain (sZJD23), followed by reverse engineering, produced a variant (sZJD28) with significantly improved growth. This is mainly due to a mutation in MED2, which encodes a subunit of the mediator complex and, to a lesser extent, a mutation in GPD1, which encodes a glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Here, using quantitative proteomics and enzyme-constrained genome-scale modelling, we show that these mutations jointly enable a more efficient strategy for oxidative stress adaptation and energy utilization. Specifically, the MED2 mutation reshapes the oxidative stress response, including peroxisomal detoxification, while the GPD1 mutation suppresses a suboptimal redox-balancing strategy in the primary strain. Collectively, these changes result in improved flux distribution, lower protein costs in energy metabolism, and potentially enhanced ATP availability. Our findings reveal how specific mutations coordinate stress tolerance and metabolic efficiency to restore growth in engineered Crabtree-negative yeast.