Inhibition of the Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2-α Kinase PERK Decreases Risk of Autoimmune Diabetes in Mice
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1026605 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR26341500.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR26341501.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR26341502.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR26341503.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR26341504.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Prevention or delay of autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D) onset is possible if molecular triggering events can be pharmacologically targeted. The integrated stress response (ISR) is activated during cellular stress to halt protein production and redirect energy towards cellular survival temporarily. We hypothesized that the activity of the ISR in the insulin-producing β cell during T1D becomes maladaptive and renders the cell prone to autoimmunity. We show that suppression of the ISR by using a novel inhibitor of the kinase PERK reverses the translation initiation block in stressed human islets and delays the onset of diabetes, reduces islet inflammation, and preserves β cell mass in T1D-susceptible mice. Single-cell RNA sequencing of islets from PERK-inhibited mice shows reductions in the unfolded protein response and PERK signaling pathways and alterations in antigen processing and presentation pathways in β cells. Spatial proteomics analysis of islets from these mice shows a post-transcriptional increase in the immune checkpoint protein PD-L1 in β cells. Golgi membrane protein 1, whose levels increase following ISR inhibition in human islets and EndoC-βH1 human β cells, interacts with and post-transcriptionally stabilizes PD-L1. Collectively, our studies show that the ISR, mediated by PERK, enhances β cell immunogenicity, and inhibition of PERK may offer a strategy to prevent or delay the development of T1D.
2024-06-05 | GSE245004 | GEO
Project description:Preventing the onset of autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D) is feasible through pharmacological interventions that target molecular stress-responsive mechanisms. Cellular stresses, such as nutrient deficiency, viral infection, or unfolded proteins, trigger the integrated stress response (ISR), which curtails protein synthesis by phosphorylating eukaryotic translation initiation factor-2α (eIF2α). In T1D, maladaptive unfolded protein response (UPR) in insulin-producing β cells renders these cells susceptible to autoimmunity. We found that inhibition of the eIF2α kinase PKR-like ER kinase (PERK), a common component of the UPR and ISR, reversed the mRNA translation block in stressed human islets and delayed the onset of diabetes, reduced islet inflammation, and preserved β cell mass in T1D-susceptible mice. Single-cell RNA-Seq of islets from PERK-inhibited mice showed reductions in the UPR and PERK signaling pathways and alterations in antigen-processing and presentation pathways in β cells. Spatial proteomics of islets from these mice showed an increase in the immune checkpoint protein programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in β cells. Golgi membrane protein 1, whose levels increased following PERK inhibition in human islets and EndoC-βH1 human β cells, interacted with and stabilized PD-L1. Collectively, our studies show that PERK activity enhances β cell immunogenicity and that inhibition of PERK may offer a strategy for preventing or delaying the development of T1D.
| S-EPMC11324307 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Preventing the onset of autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D) is feasible through pharmacological interventions that target molecular stress-responsive mechanisms. Cellular stresses, such as nutrient deficiency, viral infection, or unfolded proteins, trigger the integrated stress response (ISR), which curtails protein synthesis by phosphorylating eIF2α. In T1D, maladaptive unfolded protein response (UPR) in insulin-producing β cells renders these cells susceptible to autoimmunity. We show that inhibition of the eIF2α kinase PERK, a common component of the UPR and ISR, reverses the mRNA translation block in stressed human islets and delays the onset of diabetes, reduces islet inflammation, and preserves β cell mass in T1D-susceptible mice. Single-cell RNA sequencing of islets from PERK-inhibited mice shows reductions in the UPR and PERK signaling pathways and alterations in antigen processing and presentation pathways in β cells. Spatial proteomics of islets from these mice shows an increase in the immune checkpoint protein PD-L1 in β cells. Golgi membrane protein 1, whose levels increase following PERK inhibition in human islets and EndoC-βH1 human β cells, interacts with and stabilizes PD-L1. Collectively, our studies show that PERK activity enhances β cell immunogenicity, and inhibition of PERK may offer a strategy to prevent or delay the development of T1D.
| S-EPMC11185543 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The architecture of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is tightly controlled as a key determinant of its function. Its dynamics are linked to those of the cytoskeleton, but our understanding of how this coordination occurs and what its functional relevance is, is limited. We found the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) transducer EIF2AK3/PERK is essential for acute stress-induced peripheral redistribution and remodeling of the ER, through eIF2a phosphorylation and translation initiation shutdown. PERK-mediated eIF2a phosphorylation can be bypassed by blocking polysome assembly; by depleting microtubule-anchoring ER proteins such as REEP4, p180/RRBP1 and Climp63/CKAP4; or by disrupting the microtubule cytoskeleton. Notably, specific disruption of non-centrosomal microtubules, but not centrosome depletion, relieved blockade of ER redistribution in PERK-deficient cells. Conversely, PERK deficiency stabilized non-centrosomal microtubules promoting polarized protrusiveness in epithelial cells and neuroblasts. Thus, PERK coordinates ER architecture and homeostasis with cell morphogenesis by coupling ER remodeling and non-centrosomal MT stability and dynamics.
2025-11-03 | PXD057012 | Pride
Project description:To identify the target genes of integrated stress reponse (ISR), we have employed whole genome microarray expression in MEF cells. ISR gene setimation under ER stress condition using Perk -/-, Atf4 -/-, eIF2a S51A mutant, Fv2E-PERK MEF cells
2015-09-01 | E-GEOD-49598 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Hyperactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome has been linked to disease progression in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the precise mechanisms behind this pathology remain elusive. Here, we highlight not only a significant correlation between elevated NLRP3 expression and diminished overall survival in AML patients, but also a potential pathomechanism. We show that genetic deletion and pharmacological inhibition of NLRP3 leads to a reduction in AML cell survival by triggering apoptosis. Additionally, our proteomic analyses revealed NLRP3-dependent alterations in protein translation, substantiated by increased eIF2α phosphorylation in NLRP3-deficient AML cells. Furthermore, we show that inhibition of the eIF2α kinase PERK mitigates eIF2α phosphorylation and decreases apoptosis by reducing the expression of pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members to levels comparable to those of wild-type cells. Substantiating these observations, we found that deleting NLRP3 in engrafted AML cells led to reduced splenomegaly and AML cell infiltration into organs in mice. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that blocking NLRP3 induces apoptosis via PERK/eIF2, revealing a promising avenue for therapeutic intervention in AML.
2024-08-14 | PXD047745 | Pride
Project description:Inflammation, including reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cytokines in tissues amplify various post-translational modifications (PTMs) of self-proteins. A number of PTMs have been identified as autoimmune biomarkers in the initiation and progression of Type 1 diabetes (T1D). In this study, we have identified the citrullination of pancreatic glucokinase (GK) as a result of inflammation, triggering autoimmunity and affecting GK biological functions. Glucokinase is expressed in hepatocytes to regulate glycogen synthesis, and in pancreatic beta cells as a glucose sensor to initiate glycolysis and insulin signaling. We identify autoantibodies and autoreactive CD4+ T cells to glucokinase epitopes in the circulation of T1D patients and NOD mice. Finally, citrullination alters GK biologic activity (Km) and suppresses glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Our studies define glucokinase as a T1D biomarker, providing new insights of how inflammation drives PTMs to create both neoautoantigens and affect beta cell metabolism.
2022-03-17 | PXD028825 | Pride
Project description:Molecular characterization of PERK's role in the mouse exocrine pancreas. Postnatal days 16, 19 and 32 were examined. Postnatal day 16 represents a stage immediately prior to severe cytological changes in the exPKO mice. Postnatal day 19 represents the initial stage of severe phenotypes in the exPKO mice. Postnatal day 32 represents the middle stage of severe phenotypes (about 2 wks from the initiation) in the exPKO mice. Experiment Overall Design: Comparison between the two genotypes (Perk mutant vs. wild-type) at postnatal days 16, 19 and 32.
2008-06-13 | E-GEOD-4422 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Regulated phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2alpha) by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-activated protein kinase PERK modulates protein synthesis and couples the production of ER client proteins with the organelle's capacity to fold and process them. PERK activation by ER stress is known to involve transautophosphorylation, which decorates its unusually long kinase insert loop with multiple phosphoserine and phosphothreonine residues. We report that PERK activation and phosphorylation selectively enhance its affinity for the nonphosphorylated eIF2 complex. This switch correlates with a marked change to the protease sensitivity pattern, which is indicative of a major conformational change in the PERK kinase domain upon activation. Although it is dispensable for catalytic activity, PERK's kinase insert loop is required for substrate binding and for eIF2alpha phosphorylation in vivo. Our findings suggest a novel mechanism for eIF2 recruitment by activated PERK and for unidirectional substrate flow in the phosphorylation reaction.
| S-EPMC2063550 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In response to different cellular stressors, the ISR kinases, PERK, PKR, HRI and GCN2, activate downstream transcriptional programs. While the core ISR transcription program is well characterized, markers that are specific to each individual ISR kinase activation pathway are not known. To identify markers that are induced by PERK or GCN2, but not the other ISR kinases, we subjected WT, GCN2-/-, and PERK-/- MEFs to amino acid starvation (RPMI 1640 SILAC -Lys -Arg) or Thapsigargin (200nM) treatment for 6 hours to activate the GCN2 and PERK pathways, respectively and performed RNA sequencing.
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