Project description:How erythropoiesis responds to fasting remains to be explored. Here, Xu et al. showed that short-term intensive fasting promotes the production of red blood cells and boosts their functions by regulating MS4A3-CDK2 module to enhance megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor self-renewal and erythroid-biased differentiation.
Project description:Caloric restriction is considered to be anti-inflammatory. In this study we examined the effect of fasting on peripheral leukocyte populations. We found that short-term fasting affects metabolic and pro-inflammatory activity of monocytes and decreases numbers of circulating monocytes. For this study, we sorted hepatocytes from fed and fasted mice, monocytes from bone marrow from fed and fasted mice, and monocytes from bone marrow from wildtype and Ccr2-deficient mice.
Project description:Erythropoiesis takes place mostly in bone marrow and ends in blood. Previous studies have shown that hypoxia has direct effects on the bone marrow, which could promotes erythropoiesis by modulating erythroid progenitor maturation. However, how bone marrow microenvironment participates in erythropoiesis under hypoxia still need further clarification. In this study, we analyzed transcriptional changes of bone marrow cells of mice exposed to 5000 m altitude hypoxia for 1 week. We profiled the top 20 up-regulated secreted factor genes after treatment with hypoxia, and found TFPI was one of the secreted factor genes with the highest expression.
Project description:Investigated bone marrow metabolism in response to acute overnutrition (high calorie diet) and calorie deprivation (fasting). Bone marrow serum and peripheral serum were collected before and after each dietary intervention. Using proteomics analyses of the sera, we characterized nutritional influences on the local and systemic environments. In brief, proteomic analysis of the bone marrow serum after high calorie diet showed an upregulation of proteins related to an inflammatory/complement pathway, while bone marrow serum after fasting showed a significant downregulation of inflammatory/complement pathway proteins. In contrast, the peripheral serum showed signs of an increased inflammatory response that may be due to a rapid increase in body weight and fat mass seen in participants after 10 days of a high calorie diet. After fasting, peripheral serum did show a strong inflammatory response, but there was evidence of increased lipid biosynthesis. Overall, our results demonstrate key differences in inflammatory response and lipid metabolism between high calorie diet and fasting, despite a nearly identical bone marrow adipose phenotype.
Project description:Human studies of Plasmodium vivax in the bone marrow are scarce. Here, we present a detailed characterization of bone marrow aspirates taken from a P. vivax patient with high parasitaemia on admission and 42 days after treatment. Analysis of miRNAs related to erythropoiesis revealed a distinct series of differentially expressed miRNAs during infection compared to at convalescence. These results suggest that parasites in the bone marrow affect erythropoiesis.
Project description:Expansion of bone marrow adipocytes has been linked to nutritional pressures, suggesting that bone marrow is a dynamic compartment that responds to fluctuations in systemic nutritional availability to regulate osteogenesis and hematopoiesis. Here we investigated bone marrow metabolism in response to acute overnutrition (high calorie diet) and calorie deprivation (fasting). Participants underwent a 10-day high calorie diet followed by a two-week interval of an ad libitum diet and then underwent 10 days of fasting. Bone marrow adipocytes were collected before and after each dietary intervention. Using RNA-sequencing, we characterized nutritional influences on bone marrow adiposity. Bone marrow adipocytes after high calorie diet showed an upregulation of FOXP3 (p < 0.0001), the transcription factor that controls the development of Tregs, which are critical in reducing inflammatory immune responses. In contrast, bone marrow adipocytes after acute fasting had an upregulation of inflammatory genes (CP, CFH, and IGFBP3) (p < 0.0001). Overall, our results demonstrate key differences in inflammatory responses between high calorie diet and fasting, despite a nearly identical phenotype of bone marrow adipose tissue expansion. Further analyses are needed to understand the effects nutritional pressures have on bone marrow adipogenesis and immune responses.
Project description:In this study, we identified Receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) in hepatocytes as a critical regulator in preserving hepatic homeostasis during metabolic challenges, such as short-term fasting or high-fat dieting. Our results demonstrated that hepatocyte-specific deficiency of RIPK1 sensitized the liver to short-term fasting-induced liver injury and hepatocyte apoptosis in both male and female mice. Despite being a common physiological stressor that typically does not induce liver inflammation, short-term fasting triggered hepatic inflammation and compensatory proliferation in hepatocyte-specific RIPK1-deficient (Ripk1Δhep) mice. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that short-term fasting oriented the hepatic microenvironment into an inflammatory state in Ripk1Δhep mice, with upregulated expression of inflammation and immune cell recruitment-associated genes. Single-cell RNA sequencing further confirmed the altered cellular composition in the liver of Ripk1Δhep mice during fasting, highlighting the increased recruitment of macrophages to the liver.
Project description:In this study, we identified Receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) in hepatocytes as a critical regulator in preserving hepatic homeostasis during metabolic challenges, such as short-term fasting or high-fat dieting. Our results demonstrated that hepatocyte-specific deficiency of RIPK1 sensitized the liver to short-term fasting-induced liver injury and hepatocyte apoptosis in both male and female mice. Despite being a common physiological stressor that typically does not induce liver inflammation, short-term fasting triggered hepatic inflammation and compensatory proliferation in hepatocyte-specific RIPK1-deficient (Ripk1Δhep) mice. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that short-term fasting oriented the hepatic microenvironment into an inflammatory state in Ripk1Δhep mice, with upregulated expression of inflammation and immune cell recruitment-associated genes. Single-cell RNA sequencing further confirmed the altered cellular composition in the liver of Ripk1Δhep mice during fasting, highlighting the increased recruitment of macrophages to the liver.