Project description:By means of Operon V3 microarrrays, the in vivo, aortic endothelial transcriptomic responses to chronic (30 day) whole body exposure to diesel exhaust were assessed in wild type and Apo E (-/-) mice. The in vitro response of cultured Svec 4-10 cells exposed to a soluble extract extract of diesel engine particulate were similarly assessed.
Project description:Human BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells were exposed directly at the air-liquid interphase towards exhaust gas and particles of a ship engine. The goal was to compare the responses towards different fuel combustions. The engine run either on diesel fuel (DF) or on Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO).
Project description:Renewable diesel fuels, derived from various biomass sources, have the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and particulate matter (PM) compared to conventional fossil-based diesel. However, the toxicity of emissions from renewable diesel fuels is not yet fully understood. We assessed pulmonary effects of renewable diesel exhaust particles in female C57BL/6Tac mice after a single pulmonary exposure via instatracheal instillation (6, 18, or 54 µg/mouse). Particles were generated from renewable fuels (rapeseed methyl ester, RME; hydrogen-treated vegetable oil, HVO) and petroleum diesel (DEP) using a modern heavy-duty diesel engine. Lung tissue was analysed via RNA sequencing one day post-exposure. Carbon black (Printex 90, 54 µg/mouse) was used as a particle control.
Project description:Diesel engine exhaust (DEE) is one of the major contributors to air pollution around the world, and exposure to DEE is associated with lung cancer and other airway diseases. Although recent studies have investigated the effects of exposure to DEE, the mechanisms by which it leads to lung cancer pathogenesis are not well understood. We have previously investigated the transcriptomic changes that occur due to exposure to cigarette smoke and burning of bituminous (smoky) as well as anthracite (smokeless) coal in the airway epithelium, and in this study we assess the gene expression alterations in the nasal epithelium that are associated with chronic DEE exposure of diesel engine factory workers to better understand which molecular changes may lead to pathogenesis of lung cancer.
Project description:Human BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells were exposed directly at the air-liquid interphase towards exhaust gas and particles of a ship engine. The goal was to compare the responses towards different fuel combustions. The engine run either on diesel fuel (DF) or on Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO). The lung cells were exposed 3 times to each combustion aerosol (DF or HFO). The duration of the exposure was 4h. The cells were seeded into transwell-inserts 24h before exposure. Within each exposure 3 transwell-inserts were exposed to the complete aerosol and 3 transwell-inserts were exposed to the filtered aerosol. Effects of the complete aerosol were referenced against the filtered aerosol to determine the effects of the aerosol particles.
Project description:There is an emerging concern that particulate air pollution increases the risk of cranial nerve disease onset. Small nanoparticles, mainly derived from diesel exhaust particles reach the olfactory bulb by their nasal depositions. It has been reported that diesel exhaust inhalation causes inflammation of the olfactory bulb and other brain regions. However, these toxicological studies have not evaluated animal rearing environment. We hypothesized that rearing environment can change mice phenotypes and thus might alter toxicological study results. In this study, we exposed mice to diesel exhaust inhalation at 90 micro g/m3, 8 hours/day, for 28 consecutive days after rearing in a standard cage or environmental enrichment conditions. Microarray analysis found that expression levels of 112 genes were changed by diesel exhaust inhalation. Functional analysis using Gene Ontology revealed that the dysregulated genes were involved in inflammation and immune response. This result was supported by pathway analysis. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis confirmed 10 genes. Interestingly, background gene expression of the olfactory bulb of mice reared in a standard cage environment was changed by diesel exhaust inhalation, whereas there was no significant effect of diesel exhaust exposure on gene expression levels of mice reared with environmental enrichment. The results indicate for the first time that the effect of diesel exhaust exposure on gene expression of the olfactory bulb was influenced by rearing environment. Rearing environment, such as environmental enrichment, may be an important contributive factor to causation in evaluating still undefined toxic environmental substances such as diesel exhaust. RNA sample was taken from olfactory bulb of 56-day-old mouse received diesel exhaust (DE) inhalation at 90 micro g/m3, 8 hours/day, for 28 consecutive days, while control RNA was taken from mouse received clean air, after rearing in a standard cage or environmental enrichment conditions. Comparisons among groups were made by one-color method with normalized data from Cy3 channels for data analysis.
Project description:Expression profile of E. coli BW25113 grown under standard laboratory atmosphere with a fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration of 17 mg m-3, under urban polluted atmosphere with a PM2.5 of 230 mg m-3 or under diesel exhaust atmosphere with a PM2.5 of 613 mg m-3. Expression profile of the diesel exhaust atmosphere-adapted E. coli strain T56-1 grown under diesel exhaust atmosphere.
Project description:There is an emerging concern that particulate air pollution increases the risk of cranial nerve disease onset. Small nanoparticles, mainly derived from diesel exhaust particles reach the olfactory bulb by their nasal depositions. It has been reported that diesel exhaust inhalation causes inflammation of the olfactory bulb and other brain regions. However, these toxicological studies have not evaluated animal rearing environment. We hypothesized that rearing environment can change mice phenotypes and thus might alter toxicological study results. In this study, we exposed mice to diesel exhaust inhalation at 90 micro g/m3, 8 hours/day, for 28 consecutive days after rearing in a standard cage or environmental enrichment conditions. Microarray analysis found that expression levels of 112 genes were changed by diesel exhaust inhalation. Functional analysis using Gene Ontology revealed that the dysregulated genes were involved in inflammation and immune response. This result was supported by pathway analysis. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis confirmed 10 genes. Interestingly, background gene expression of the olfactory bulb of mice reared in a standard cage environment was changed by diesel exhaust inhalation, whereas there was no significant effect of diesel exhaust exposure on gene expression levels of mice reared with environmental enrichment. The results indicate for the first time that the effect of diesel exhaust exposure on gene expression of the olfactory bulb was influenced by rearing environment. Rearing environment, such as environmental enrichment, may be an important contributive factor to causation in evaluating still undefined toxic environmental substances such as diesel exhaust.