Project description:Every individual (W1-W4) was hybridised 4 times, including 2 dye swaps: W1: 23573-23576; W2: 23577-23580; W3: 23581-23584; W4: 23585-23588. Only 2 of 4 hybridisations wer made at the same preparation Keywords: parallel sample
Project description:Considering the crucial role of root exudates, we hypothesized that continuous wheat cultivation would lead to lower glucose release, resulting in lower microbial growth, activity, and biomass. For the first time in situ glucose imaging was optimized for studying the interactions in the first (W1) and third (W3) wheat after break crop plots in the field. Glucose imaging method combined with soil microbial respiration, enzyme kinetics and the quantification SWEET genes expression levels in wheat plants. W3 had the lowest proportion of hotspots for glucose release with 1.35 % of the total soil surface area, indicating a 17.7 % decline compared to W1. Also, the expressions of functional orthologous genes of SWEET1a in wheat roots were significantly upregulated in W3 compared to W1. The growing microbial biomass in the rhizosphere soil of W1 was about five times higher than W3. Differences in SWEET gene expression and shift in glucose release is linked to altered root physiology and exudation processes, potentially reflecting the plant's strategy to create a less favourable environment for opportunistic pathogens. Hence, this study provides novel insights into the complex interactions between continuous wheat cultivation, root exudation, microbial dynamics, gene expression, and enzymatic activities.
Project description:The sexual stages are vital phases in malaria parasite transmission and are the targets of various interventions such as transmission blocking vaccines. The molecular mechanisms underlying sexual development, however, remain poorly understood. We report mappping of a determinant previously linked to a male gametocyte development defect in the P. falciparum Dd2 parasite to an 82 kb region on chromosome 12. In order to find a critical gene in this region, we compared gene expression pattern in sexual stage of the parasite between Dd2 and its normal gametocyte-producing ancestor W2 clones. The region contains a sexual stage specific gene (pfmdv 1) that is expressed substantially at a lower level in the Dd2 than in W2 parasite. Disruption of pfmdv 1 results in a dramatic reduction in mature gametocytes, especially male gametocytes, with the majority of sexually committed parasites arrested at stage-I. The pfmdv-1 knockout parasites show an enlarged nucleus, often with separation of the inner and outer nuclear membranes and presence of multi-membrane vesicles in red blood cell cytoplasm. Mosquito infectivity of the knockout parasites is also greatly reduced, but not completely lost, suggesting presence of compensatory mechanisms in the sexual development pathways. Data include Day 8 gametocytes of male defective Dd2 and parental W2 clones of Plasmodium falciparum. The series includes three biological repeats. Keywords: repeat sample