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Distinct Transcriptomic Signatures in Pulmonary Tissue Resident and Vascular “Resident-Like” T Cells in Nonhuman Primates

ABSTRACT: Distinct Transcriptomic Signatures in Pulmonary Tissue Resident and Vascular “Resident-Like” T Cells in Nonhuman Primates

PROVIDER: PRJNA1140631 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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	SRR30008227_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR30008227_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR30008230_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR30008230_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Distinct Transcriptomic Signatures in Pulmonary Tissue Resident and Vascular “Resident-Like” T Cells in Nonhuman Primates

Project description:Abstract Intravascular staining (ivs) provides an innovative method for distinguishing tissue-resident lymphocytes from those within the organ’s vasculature, a distinction that is particularly important in highly vascularized organs such as the lung. Cells that stain positive for the infusion antibody (ivs+) have generally been considered lingering blood contaminants; however, recent studies have shown that these cells may not be as transitory as originally thought. Here, we utilized ivs staining to differentiate and isolate T cells from both the lung interstitium (ivs-) and lung vasculature (ivs+) of rhesus macaques (RhM). We then characterized and compared these T cell populations via single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) and flow cytometry. We found that ivs- T cells exhibit a core gene signature resembling that of tissue-resident memory T cells (Trms), whereas ivs+ T cells represent a distinct population with a unique phenotype and transcriptional profile. Notably, CD8+ T cells were enriched within the lung vasculature (ivs+ subset) and predominantly exhibited an effector phenotype, highlighted by increased cytotoxicity. Moreover, these pulmonary vascular “resident-like” CD8+ T cells (ivs+) demonstrated a gene expression profile enriched in transcripts typically associated with a tissue-resident phenotype, as well as cell adhesion markers and pathways involved in vascular/platelet interactions. In Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) infected RhMs, pulmonary ivs+ CD8+ T cells displayed enhanced effector responses compared to Trms. Our findings suggest that ivs+ T cells in the pulmonary vasculature represent a unique, “resident-like” population with potent effector functions, highlighting their potential significance in pulmonary immunity.

2025-06-25 | GSE273228 | GEO

Modulation of Microbial Bile Acid Metabolism by DT-109 Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Nonhuman Primates

Project description:Modulation of Microbial Bile Acid Metabolism by DT-109 Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Nonhuman Primates

2023-02-10 | PXD040009 |

Prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and disease in nonhuman primates following intravenous BCG vaccination

Project description:Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the leading cause of death from infection worldwide. Intradermal (ID) vaccination with BCG has variable efficacy against pulmonary tuberculosis, the major cause of mortality and disease transmission. Here we show that the route and dose of BCG vaccination alters circulating and lung resident T cells and subsequent protection against Mtb challenge in nonhuman primates (NHP). NHP immunized with BCG by the intravenous (IV) route induced substantially higher antigen-specific CD4 (Th1 or Th17) and CD8 responses in blood, spleen, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and lung lymph nodes compared to the same BCG dose administered by ID or aerosol (AE) routes. Moreover, IV immunization was the only route that induced a high frequency of antigen-specific tissue resident T cells in lung parenchyma. Six months after BCG vaccination, NHP were challenged with virulent Mtb. Strikingly, 9 of 10 NHP that received BCG IV were highly protected, with 6 NHP showing no detectable infection as determined by PET CT imaging, mycobacterial growth, pathology, granuloma formation, or de novo immune responses to Mtb-specific antigens. The finding that BCG IV prevents or significantly limits Mtb infection in NHP has important implications for vaccine development and provides a model for determining immune correlates and mechanisms of protection against TB.

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Formaldehyde and Epigenetic Alterations: MicroRNA Changes in the Nasal Epithelium of Nonhuman Primates

Project description:We set out to test the hypothesis that formaldehyde inhalation exposure significantly alters miRNA expression profiles within the nasal epithelium of nonhuman primates. Here, cynomolgus macaques were exposed to 0, 2, and 6 ppm formaldehyde for 6 hours/day across two consecutive days. RNA was extracted from the nasal maxilloturbinate region, a direct target of formaldehyde inhalation exposure. Genome-wide miRNA expression levels were assessed using microarrays.

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Project description:Transcriptomes of normal aging brains in female nonhuman primates.

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Project description:The amygdaloid complex mediates learning, memory, and emotions. Understanding the cellular and anatomical features that specialize the amygdala in primates versus other vertebrates first necessitates a systematic, anatomically-resolved molecular analysis of constituent cell populations. We analyzed tissue dissections of five nuclear subdivisions of the primate amygdala with single-nucleus RNA sequencing in macaques, baboons, and humans to examine gene expression profiles for excitatory and inhibitory neurons within and across nuclear subdivisions and confirm our results with single-molecule FISH analysis. We identified distinct subtypes of FOXP2+ interneurons in the intercalated cell masses and protein-kinase C- interneurons in the central nucleus. We also establish that glutamatergic, pyramidal-like neurons are transcriptionally specialized within the basal, lateral, or accessory basal nuclei. Understanding the molecular heterogeneity of anatomically-resolved amygdalar neuron types provides a cellular framework for improving existing models of how amygdalar neural circuits contribute to cognition and mental health in humans by using nonhuman primates as a translational bridge.

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Transcriptomic diversity of amygdalar subdivisions across humans and nonhuman primates

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