Project description:Stem-cell based cerebral organoids were integrated with 3D-printed perfusable synthetic vasculature. The impact of perfusion was evaluated on month-old cerebral organoids was analyzed by comparing the molecular-level changes in perfused and not-perfused vascularized cerebral organoids
Project description:This experiment aims to define DGE when hiPSC derived brain organoids are exposed for long (chronic) or short (pulse) time to T3. Additionally, a comparison regarding T3 responsive genes can be assessed for two different brain organoids systems: cerebral organoids (CO) and Neural Stem Cell derived Organoids (NSCO). CO correspond to unguided differentiation following Lancaster et al. 2013. NSCO are neurospheres derived as desribed in https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.3byl4j6kzlo5/v1
Project description:Human intestinal organoids were grown in a typical 3D matrigel culture environment, or in an alginate gel, then a subset from each condition were xenotransplanted to vascularized and mature in vivo. Epithelium was isolated and epithelial only organoids (enteroids) were then grown from each condition prior to sequencing bulk RNA-sequencing.
Project description:Genetic code expansion technology (GCE-T) has been applied to precisely manipulate protein structure and function in bacteria, virus, yeast, mammalian cells, and even in animals. It has not been fully explored in 3D tissues or organoids. Here, we presented a new strategy leveraging GCE-T to generate vascularized human cerebral organoids (vhCOs) containing resident microglia. By reassigning a premature termination codon in ETV2, a targeted noncanonical amino acid was incorporated to drive endothelial differentiation in hPSCs at the translational level. Strikingly, the generated vhCOs exhibited coordinated differentiation of functional vasculature, blood brain barrier feature and microglia. single-nucleus transcriptomic analysis revealed multiple brain regional distribution, marked neurogenesis, and neuro-vascular-immune network in vhCOs, resembling human fetal brain. Upon Zika virus infection, vhCOs exhibited impaired vasculature, disrupted neurogenesis and microglial development. This strategy offers a unique platform for producing high-fidelity cerebral organoids integrated with vasculature and immune components, opening a new avenue to advance organoid research and applications.
Project description:Bulk ATAC-seq was performed on human, chimpanzee, bonobo, and macaque stem cell-derived cerebral organoids. ATAC-seq was performed on day 60 (2 months old) and day 120 (4 months old) cerebral organoids.
Project description:All samples are 50 day old cerebral organoids differentiated from human iPSCs using human the Lancaster protocol (Lancaster et al Nature Protoc, 2014). 4 samples are wild-type (WT) organoids derived from the iPSC line IPSO; 4 samples are Fragile X Syndrome (FX) organoids derived from the iPSC line FX52 in the presence of 15mM HEPES vehicle (Urbach et al, Cell Stem Cell, 2010). 4 samples are Ascorbic Acid treated FX52 cells differentiated into cerebral organoids (FX +AsA). FX +AsA samples were prepared by exposing FX52 iPSCs to 500uM Ascorbic Acid (+15mM HEPES vehicle) for 6 passages (36 days) as iPSCs and then differentiated into cerebral organoids in the presence of Ascorbic Acid throughout the differentiation protocol. By day 50 of the cererbral organoid protocol all organoids were collected for analysis.
Project description:Cerebral organoids co-cultured with patient derived glioma stem cells (GLICOs) are an experimentally tractable research tool useful for investigating the role of the human brain tumor microenvironment in glioblastoma. Here we develop long-term GLICOs, a novel model in which COs are minimally seeded with GSCs and tumor development is monitored over extended durations (ltGLICOs). Single-cell profiling of ltGLICOs revealed an unexpectedly long latency period prior to GSC expansion, and that normal organoid development was unimpaired by the presence of low numbers of GSCs. However, as organoids age they experience chronic hypoxia and oxidative stress which remodels the tumor microenvironment to promote GSC expansion. Receptor-ligand modelling identified astrocytes, which secreted various pro-tumorigenic ligands including FGF1, as the primary cell type for GSC crosstalk and single-cell multi-omic analysis revealed these astrocytes were under the control of ischemic regulatory networks. Functional validation confirmed hypoxia as a driver of pro-tumorigenic astrocytic ligand secretion and that GSC expansion was accelerated by pharmacological induction of oxidative stress. When controlled for genotype, the close association between glioma aggressiveness with patient age has very few proposed biological explanations. Our findings indicate that age-associated increases in cerebral vascular insufficiency and associated regional chronic cerebral hypoxia may contribute to this phenomenon.
Project description:LncRNA and mRNA profiling of human iPSC derived cerebral organoids (Propofol treated vs. DMSO control) were determined. LncRNA and mRNA profiling of human iPSC derived cerebral organoids (Propofol treated vs. DMSO control) were determined.