IRE1α Downregulation Enhances STING-Mediated Chemoresistance and Guides Precision Therapies in Pancreatic Cancer
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PROVIDER: PRJNA1198885 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The cGAS-STING signaling pathway plays dichotomous roles in the development of malignant diseases. While the role and regulation of STING signaling in immune cells is well-documented, the mechanisms by which tumor cells modify tumor-intrinsic STING signaling to evade treatment remain poorly understood. Here, we report that chemotherapy activates STING and induces low-grade chronic inflammation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells.
2025-09-03 | GSE284365 | GEO
Project description:Transcriptional profiling of INS1 cells expressing either WT IRE1α, I642G IRE1α, N906A IRE1α, or spliced XBP1 comparing 1μg/mL dox and 5μM 1NMPP1 treated vs control.
2014-12-22 | GSE17148 | GEO
Project description:Development of Precision Neoadjuvant-Adjuvant Therapies
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Project description:Ire1α conditional null or control mice of 3-months old were injected intraperitoneally with TM or vehicle. At 8 hours after the injection, total RNA was isolated from murine liver tissue and subjected to Affymetrix microarray analysis. We used microarrays to profile the global programme of gene expression in the livers of Ire1α null and control mice in the absence or presence of ER stress.
2011-02-03 | E-GEOD-27038 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The IRE1α-XBP1 arm of the unfolded protein response (UPR) maintains endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis, but also controls UPR-independent processes such as cytokine production and lipid metabolism. Yet, the physiological consequences of IRE1α-XBP1 activation in immune cells remain largely unexplored. Here, we report that leukocyte-intrinsic IRE1α-XBP1 signaling drives prostaglandin biosynthesis and pain. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that induction of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (Ptgs2/Cox-2) and prostaglandin E synthase (Ptges/mPGES-1) was compromised in IRE1α-deficient myeloid cells undergoing ER stress or stimulated via pattern recognition receptors. Inducible biosynthesis of prostaglandins, including PGE2, was markedly decreased in myeloid cells lacking IRE1α or XBP1, but not altered in the absence of the two other ER stress sensors PERK and ATF6. Mechanistically, IRE1α-activated XBP1 bound to and directly induced the expression of human PTGS2 and PTGES to enable PGE2 generation. Mice selectively lacking IRE1α-XBP1 in leukocytes, or treated with pharmacological IRE1α inhibitors, failed to induce PGE2 upon challenge with inflammatory stimuli and demonstrated reduced behavioral pain responses in PGE2-dependent models of pain. Our study uncovers an unexpected role for IRE1α-XBP1 as a key mediator of prostaglandin biosynthesis and indicates that targeting this pathway may represent an alternative approach to control pain.
2020-05-16 | GSE131404 | GEO
Project description:Infection by intracellular pathogens can trigger activation of the IRE1α branch of the unfolded protein response (UPR), which then modulates innate immunity and infection outcomes during bacterial or viral infection. However, the mechanisms by which infection activates IRE1α have not been fully elucidated. While recognition of microbe-associated molecular patterns can activate IRE1α, it is unclear whether the canonical role of IRE1α in detecting misfolded proteins is required for its activation. Here, we report that Candida albicans infection of macrophages results in IRE1α activation through C-type lectin receptor signaling, reinforcing a role for IRE1α as a central regulator of host responses to infection by a broad range of pathogens. However, IRE1α activation was not preceded by protein misfolding in response to either C. albicans infection or lipopolysaccharide treatment, implicating a non-canonical mode of IRE1α activation after recognition of microbial patterns. Investigation of the phenotypic consequences of IRE1α activation in macrophage antimicrobial responses revealed that IRE1α activity enhances the fungicidal activity of macrophages. Macrophages lacking IRE1α activity displayed inefficient phagolysosomal fusion, enabling C. albicans to evade fungal killing and escape the phagosome. Together, these data provide mechanistic insight for the non-canonical activation of IRE1α during infection, and reveal central roles for IRE1α in macrophage antifungal responses.
2023-11-13 | GSE244303 | GEO
Project description:Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are key players in intestinal homeostasis. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Herein, we used cell culture, novel mouse models, and human specimens to examine if ER stress in ILC3s impacts IBD pathophysiology. We show that mouse intestinal ILC3s exhibited a 24h-rhythmic expression pattern of the master ER stress response regulator, IRE1α-XBP1. Proinflammatory cytokine IL-23 selectively stimulated IRE1α-XBP1 in mouse ILC3s through mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS). IRE1α-XBP1 was activated in ILC3s of mice exposed to experimental colitis and in inflamed human IBD specimens. Mice with Ire1α deletion in ILC3s (Ire1αΔRorc) showed reduced expression of ER stress response and cytokine genes including Il22 in ILC3s and were highly vulnerable to infections and colitis. Administration of IL-22 counteracted their colitis susceptibility. In human ILC3s, IRE1 inhibitors suppressed cytokine production, which was upregulated by an IRE1 activator. Moreover, the frequencies of intestinal XBP1s+ ILC3s in Crohn’s disease patients before administration of ustekinumab, an anti-IL-12/IL-23 antibody, positively correlated with response to treatment. We demonstrate that a non-canonical mtROS-IRE1α-XBP1 pathway augments cytokine production by ILC3s and identify XBP1+ ILC3s as a potential biomarker for predicting response to anti-IL-23 therapies in IBD. Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) have recently emerged as important regulators and potential drug targets for IBD. However, the response of ILC3s to environmental stimuli during intestinal inflammation remains elusive. IRE1a-XBP1 serves as the regulatory hub of the unfolded protein response (UPR) that plays a vital role in intestinal inflammation.
2024-05-31 | GSE261091 | GEO
Project description:Background/Aims: Cholestatic liver diseases (CLD) are the leading indication for pediatric liver transplantation. Increased intrahepatic bile acid concentrations cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated to maintain homeostasis. UPR dysregulation, including the inositol-requiring enzyme 1α/X-box protein 1 (IRE1α/XBP1) pathway, is associated with several adult liver diseases. We evaluated hepatic UPR expression in pediatric patients with end-stage CLD and hypothesize that an inability to appropriately activate the hepatic IRE1α/XBP1 pathway is associated with the pathogenesis of CLD. Methods: We evaluated 34 human liver explants. Cohorts included: pediatric CLD (Alagille, ALGS, and progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis, PFIC), pediatric non-cholestatic liver disease controls (autoimmune hepatitis, AIH), adult CLD, and normal controls. We performed RNA-seq, quantitative PCR, and western blotting to measure expression differences of the hepatic UPR and other signaling pathways. Results: Metascape pathway analysis demonstrated that the KEGG ‘protein processing in ER’ pathway was downregulated in pediatric CLD compared to normal controls. Pediatric CLD had decreased hepatic IRE1α/XBP1 pathway gene expression and decreased protein expression of p-IRE1α compared to normal controls. These CLD changes were not disease-specific to ALGS or PFIC. IRE1α/XBP1 pathway gene expression was decreased in pediatric CLD compared to AIH disease controls. Conclusion: Pediatric CLD explants have decreased gene and protein expression of the protective IRE1α/XBP1 pathway and down-regulated KEGG protein processing in the ER pathways. IRE1α/XBP1 pathway expression differences occur when compared to both normal and non-cholestatic disease controls. Attenuated expression of the IRE1α/XBP1 pathway is associated with cholestatic diseases and could be targeted to treat pediatric CLD.
2022-06-23 | GSE206364 | GEO
Project description:Unfolded protein response (UPR) is a central intracellular stress response pathway that is hijacked by tumor cells for their survival. However, how activation of UPR in cancer cells may shape the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains largely unexplored. Here, we investigated the potential role of IRE1α signaling on modulation of TME dynamics in prostate cancer (PCa). We found that IRE1α is increased in PCa patient tumors and genetic inhibition of IRE1α in syngeneic mouse PCa models, as well as in an orthotopic model, dramatically reduced tumor growth. Multiomics analysis suggested that IRE1α ablation in cancer cells significantly potentiated interferon (IFN) response and activation of immune system related pathways in the TME. Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) revealed that the abundance of immunosuppressive cells, such as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), were markedly reduced in the IRE1α deficient tumors. Geneset Enrichment Analysis demonstrated that IFN response was significantly enriched in TAMs, cancer cells, and dendritic cells. Notably, the small molecule IRE1α inhibitor MKC8866 (ORIN1001), currently in clinical trials, reprogrammed the TME and enhanced the response to anti-PD-1 blockade therapy in syngeneic PCa mouse models. Furthermore, a novel scRNA-seq-derived TAM gene signature is strongly associated with poor PCa survival, which is reduced by the MKC8866 + anti-PD-1 combination therapy. Our findings indicate that activation of IRE1α signaling not only promotes cancer cell growth and survival, but it also interferes with anti-tumor immunity in the TME. Thus, IRE1α targeting could present a novel approach for improving anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in PCa.
2024-08-29 | GSE240371 | GEO
Project description:Unfolded protein response (UPR) is a central intracellular stress response pathway that is hijacked by tumor cells for their survival. However, how activation of UPR in cancer cells may shape the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains largely unexplored. Here, we investigated the potential role of IRE1α signaling on modulation of TME dynamics in prostate cancer (PCa). We found that IRE1α is increased in PCa patient tumors and genetic inhibition of IRE1α in syngeneic mouse PCa models, as well as in an orthotopic model, dramatically reduced tumor growth. Multiomics analysis suggested that IRE1α ablation in cancer cells significantly potentiated interferon (IFN) response and activation of immune system related pathways in the TME. Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) revealed that the abundance of immunosuppressive cells, such as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), were markedly reduced in the IRE1α deficient tumors. Geneset Enrichment Analysis demonstrated that IFN response was significantly enriched in TAMs, cancer cells, and dendritic cells. Notably, the small molecule IRE1α inhibitor MKC8866 (ORIN1001), currently in clinical trials, reprogrammed the TME and enhanced the response to anti-PD-1 blockade therapy in syngeneic PCa mouse models. Furthermore, a novel scRNA-seq-derived TAM gene signature is strongly associated with poor PCa survival, which is reduced by the MKC8866 + anti-PD-1 combination therapy. Our findings indicate that activation of IRE1α signaling not only promotes cancer cell growth and survival, but it also interferes with anti-tumor immunity in the TME. Thus, IRE1α targeting could present a novel approach for improving anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in PCa.
2024-08-29 | GSE273458 | GEO