Project description:<p>Abstract</p><p>Objective: Wulanwendusu-11 (WLWDS-11), a traditional Mongolian medicinal formula, is commonly used for the treatment of Cardiovascular diseases. However, its therapeutic material basis and in vivo metabolic profile in the context of chronic myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) remain to be elucidated.</p><p>Methods: C57BL/6J mice were randomized into six experimental groups: MIRI model, sham surgery, and treatment groups for compound Danshen dripping pills (CDDP) plus three dosages of WLWDS-11 (denoted WLWDS-11-L, WLWDS-11-M, and WLWDS-11-H). General physiological indicators of mice in each group were observed, body weight, myocardial structure and pathological features were assessed by electrocardiogram, plasma cardiac enzyme levels. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the pathological changes in the heart. Immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the degree of apoptosis. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of COX4I1, NDUFB8, SDHA, TFAM, RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL and TNF-α. Metabolomics and metagenomics were used to analyze treatment effects on intestinal microbiota and metabolites.</p><p>Results: WLWDS-11 (especially in high dose) can significantly improve the cardiac function, reduce the area of myocardial infarction and weaken apoptosis and fibrosis in MIRI mice. Metabolomic profiling identified 1,632 qualitative secondary metabolites, 13 annotated secondary metabolites, 125 annotated tertiary metabolites, and 296 annotated quaternary metabolites. The top 10 differential metabolites included lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) 18:2, phlorobenzophenone, LPI 20:4, and 2-arachidonoyl-1-stearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine. Pathway screening was conducted to identify the key pathways most closely associated with metabolic differences, which included arginine and proline metabolism, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis. </p><p>Metagenomic results showed that the sham and WLWDS-11-H groups were enriched for the RNA polymerase (KEGG pathway identifier: ko03020), alanine, aspartic acid, and glutamate metabolism (ko00250), and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis (ko00970) pathways. Correlation hierarchical cluster analysis of differential flora and metabolites showed that Kosakonia, Constantimarinum, and Syncephalis genera were associated with the metabolites 1-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and batatasin III, and had a strong correlation with 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine. At the species level, three Helicobacter spp. were strongly associated with metabolites such as perfluorobutanoic acid, Ile-Leu, Leu-Ile, and nanaomycin E. Multiomics integration analysis showed that MIRI caused intestinal flora imbalance (such as Prevost enrichment) and serum metabolism disorder (such as accumulation of oxidized lipids and lysophospholipids, arginine/proline and unsaturated fatty acid metabolism disorder). The intervention of WLWDS-11 effectively reshaped the intestinal microbial community and made the metabolic spectrum return to normal. Correlation and network analysis confirmed the correlation between specific intestinal bacteria (such as Prevost, Kosakonia and Helicobacter) and host metabolites, and formed a flora-metabolite axis regulated by WLWDS-11. KEGG pathway analysis further confirmed the effects of the treatment on key pathways, including necrotizing apoptosis and oxidative phosphorylation. From the point of view of mechanism, WLWDS-11 reversed the mitochondrial dysfunction induced by MIRI by up-regulating the expressions of COX4I 1, NDUFB8, SDHA and TFAM. By inhibiting the RIPK 1/RIPK 3/MLKL pathway and TNF-α, necrotizing apoptosis and inflammatory response are inhibited. These results suggest that WLWDS-11 may protect MIRI's heart by regulating the metabolic pathway of flora. These findings identify WLWDS-11 as a potential candidate drug and provide a molecular mechanistic basis for the clinical treatment of MIRI. Conclusion: WLWDS-11 positively reshaped the gut microbial environment by suppressing pathogenic bacteria and promoting beneficial strains, thereby fostering eubiosis, attenuating cardiac pathology, and ultimately conferring cardioprotection.</p>
2025-11-22 | MTBLS13370 | MetaboLights