Insulator BEAF32 regulates expression of tissue-specific genes and piRNA source loci in the Drosophila ovaries
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PROVIDER: PRJNA1246135 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Background: Insulators are the multifunctional DNA binding proteins that perform architectural functions and regulate gene transcription. Although insulators have a well-established role in genome organization, it is still unclear how insulator proteins affect the control of tissue-specific processes. Drosophila insulator BEAF32 (Boundary Element-Associated Factor of 32 kD) is a component of chromatin complexes found in the open chromatin regions containing promoters of housekeeping genes. BEAF32 knockout impairs oogenesis and female fertility suggesting its specific functions during oogenesis Results: To get a better understanding of BEAF32 roles in oogenesis, we first examined its ovarian binding targets and discovered an enrichment of its localization sites in the promoters of both housekeeping and tissue-specific genes. Differential expression gene analysis revealed that BEAF32 knockout resulted in abnormal activation of non-ovarian tissue-specific genes in the ovaries, implying that BEAF32 regulates tissue-specific patterns of gene expression. Among upregulated genes there were not only BEAF32-associated genes suggesting direct and indirect mechanisms of BEAF32-mediated expression control. We discovered that BEAF32 occupied many ovary-specific gene promoters and acted as a positive regulator of the cell-cycle regulatory kinase Polo expression. To reveal the possible role of BEAF32 in the pathway mediated by Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) we performed an analysis of ovarian small RNAs in the BEAF32 null mutants and revealed a strong decrease in the production of piRNAs from the 3R subtelomeric region. Our data suggest that BEAF32-containing chromatin complex located upstream of the subtelomeric repeats preserves transcriptional and chromatin integrity of this domain in the germline. BEAF32 was also found upstream of flamenco, a largest piRNA source locus in the follicular cells, and is required for the cell-specific transcription of the flam locus. Conclusions: These findings suggest that BEAF32 represses the ectopic expression of developmental and tissue-specific genes in the ovaries. BEAF32 regulates polo kinase and other oogenesis-related genes. BEAF32 insulators have been revealed to play a specific ovarian role in the maintenance of piRNA-producing loci. Our results provide strong support for the importance of BEAF32 insulator protein in determining the proper landscape of tissue-specific gene expression and locus-specific function realization.
2025-08-06 | GSE293738 | GEO
Project description:Background: Insulators are the multifunctional DNA binding proteins that perform architectural functions and regulate gene transcription. Although insulators have a well-established role in genome organization, it is still unclear how insulator proteins affect the control of tissue-specific processes. Drosophila insulator BEAF32 (Boundary Element-Associated Factor of 32 kD) is a component of chromatin complexes found in the open chromatin regions containing promoters of housekeeping genes. BEAF32 knockout impairs oogenesis and female fertility suggesting its specific functions during oogenesis Results: To get a better understanding of BEAF32 roles in oogenesis, we first examined its ovarian binding targets and discovered an enrichment of its localization sites in the promoters of both housekeeping and tissue-specific genes. Differential expression gene analysis revealed that BEAF32 knockout resulted in abnormal activation of non-ovarian tissue-specific genes in the ovaries, implying that BEAF32 regulates tissue-specific patterns of gene expression. Among upregulated genes there were not only BEAF32-associated genes suggesting direct and indirect mechanisms of BEAF32-mediated expression control. We discovered that BEAF32 occupied many ovary-specific gene promoters and acted as a positive regulator of the cell-cycle regulatory kinase Polo expression. To reveal the possible role of BEAF32 in the pathway mediated by Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) we performed an analysis of ovarian small RNAs in the BEAF32 null mutants and revealed a strong decrease in the production of piRNAs from the 3R subtelomeric region. Our data suggest that BEAF32-containing chromatin complex located upstream of the subtelomeric repeats preserves transcriptional and chromatin integrity of this domain in the germline. BEAF32 was also found upstream of flamenco, a largest piRNA source locus in the follicular cells, and is required for the cell-specific transcription of the flam locus. Conclusions: These findings suggest that BEAF32 represses the ectopic expression of developmental and tissue-specific genes in the ovaries. BEAF32 regulates polo kinase and other oogenesis-related genes. BEAF32 insulators have been revealed to play a specific ovarian role in the maintenance of piRNA-producing loci. Our results provide strong support for the importance of BEAF32 insulator protein in determining the proper landscape of tissue-specific gene expression and locus-specific function realization.
2025-08-06 | GSE293739 | GEO
Project description:Background: Insulators are the multifunctional DNA binding proteins that perform architectural functions and regulate gene transcription. Although insulators have a well-established role in genome organization, it is still unclear how insulator proteins affect the control of tissue-specific processes. Drosophila insulator BEAF32 (Boundary Element-Associated Factor of 32 kD) is a component of chromatin complexes found in the open chromatin regions containing promoters of housekeeping genes. BEAF32 knockout impairs oogenesis and female fertility suggesting its specific functions during oogenesis Results: To get a better understanding of BEAF32 roles in oogenesis, we first examined its ovarian binding targets and discovered an enrichment of its localization sites in the promoters of both housekeeping and tissue-specific genes. Differential expression gene analysis revealed that BEAF32 knockout resulted in abnormal activation of non-ovarian tissue-specific genes in the ovaries, implying that BEAF32 regulates tissue-specific patterns of gene expression. Among upregulated genes there were not only BEAF32-associated genes suggesting direct and indirect mechanisms of BEAF32-mediated expression control. We discovered that BEAF32 occupied many ovary-specific gene promoters and acted as a positive regulator of the cell-cycle regulatory kinase Polo expression. To reveal the possible role of BEAF32 in the pathway mediated by Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) we performed an analysis of ovarian small RNAs in the BEAF32 null mutants and revealed a strong decrease in the production of piRNAs from the 3R subtelomeric region. Our data suggest that BEAF32-containing chromatin complex located upstream of the subtelomeric repeats preserves transcriptional and chromatin integrity of this domain in the germline. BEAF32 was also found upstream of flamenco, a largest piRNA source locus in the follicular cells, and is required for the cell-specific transcription of the flam locus. Conclusions: These findings suggest that BEAF32 represses the ectopic expression of developmental and tissue-specific genes in the ovaries. BEAF32 regulates polo kinase and other oogenesis-related genes. BEAF32 insulators have been revealed to play a specific ovarian role in the maintenance of piRNA-producing loci. Our results provide strong support for the importance of BEAF32 insulator protein in determining the proper landscape of tissue-specific gene expression and locus-specific function realization.
2025-08-06 | GSE293740 | GEO
Project description:Insulator BEAF32 regulates expression of tissue-specific genes and piRNA source loci in the Drosophila ovaries [ChIP-seq]
| PRJNA1246136 | ENA
Project description:Insulator BEAF32 regulates expression of tissue-specific genes and piRNA source loci in the Drosophila ovaries [small RNA-seq]
| PRJNA1246142 | ENA
Project description:Drosophila Piwi-family proteins have been implicated in transposon control. Here, we examine piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) associated with each Drosophila Piwi protein and find that Piwi and Aubergine bind RNAs that are predominantly antisense to transposons, whereas Ago3 complexes contain predominantly sense piRNAs. As in mammals, the majority of Drosophila piRNAs are derived from discrete genomic loci. These loci comprise mainly defective transposon sequences, and some have previously been identified as master regulators of transposon activity. Our data suggest that heterochromatic piRNA loci interact with potentially active, euchromatic transposons to form an adaptive system for transposon control. Complementary relationships between sense and antisense piRNA populations suggest an amplification loop wherein each piRNA-directed cleavage event generates the 5’ end of a new piRNA. Thus, sense piRNAs, formed following cleavage of transposon mRNAs, may enhance production of antisense piRNAs, complementary to active elements, by directing cleavage of transcripts from master control loci. Keywords: small RNA libraries from Drosophila ovaries
2007-03-08 | GSE6734 | GEO
Project description:Drosophila Piwi-family proteins have been implicated in transposon control. Here, we examine piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) associated with each Drosophila Piwi protein and find that Piwi and Aubergine bind RNAs that are predominantly antisense to transposons, whereas Ago3 complexes contain predominantly sense piRNAs. As in mammals, the majority of Drosophila piRNAs are derived from discrete genomic loci. These loci comprise mainly defective transposon sequences, and some have previously been identified as master regulators of transposon activity. Our data suggest that heterochromatic piRNA loci interact with potentially active, euchromatic transposons to form an adaptive system for transposon control. Complementary relationships between sense and antisense piRNA populations suggest an amplification loop wherein each piRNA-directed cleavage event generates the 5’ end of a new piRNA. Thus, sense piRNAs, formed following cleavage of transposon mRNAs, may enhance production of antisense piRNAs, complementary to active elements, by directing cleavage of transcripts from master control loci. Keywords: small RNA libraries from Drosophila ovaries small RNAs (23-29nt) were isolated from total ovarian RNA or from immunopreciptated Piwi/Aubergine/Ago3 complexes. cDNA libraries were constructed after Pfeffer et al. 2005 (Nat. Methods) and sequenced at 454 Life Sciences. The used strain is OregonR. Only sequences matching the Release5 genome assembly (www.fruitfly.org) are considered.
2007-03-08 | E-GEOD-6734 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway is essential for transposable element (TE) silencing in animal gonads. While the transcriptional regulation of piRNA pathway components in germ cells has been documented in mice and flies, their control in somatic cells of Drosophila ovaries remains unresolved. Here, we demonstrate that Traffic jam (Tj), the Drosophila orthologue of large Maf transcription factors in mammals, is a master regulator of the somatic piRNA pathway. Tj binds to regulatory regions of somatic piRNA factors and the major piRNA cluster flamenco, which carries a Tj-bound enhancer downstream of its promoter. Depletion of Tj in somatic follicle cells causes downregulation of piRNA factors, loss of flam expression and de-repression of gypsy-family TEs. We propose that the arms race between the host and TEs led to the co-evolution of promoters in piRNA pathway genes as well as TE regulatory regions that both rely on a shared transcription factor.
2026-01-23 | GSE287891 | GEO
Project description:piRNA analysis of tudor[1] mutant Drosophila brain and ovaries
| PRJNA629836 | ENA
Project description:The gene-regulatory mechanisms behind the female germline piRNA pathway in ovaries of metazoan species remain largely unexplored. Here, using the Drosophila model and combinations of RNA-seq, ATAC-seq, and single-cell approaches, we reveal the transcription factors that regulate the female germline piRNA pathway in animal ovaries.
2024-12-23 | GSE233245 | GEO